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Phosphomolybdic acid/chitosan as acid solid catalyst using for biodiesel production from pomegranate seed oil via microwave heating system: RSM optimization and kinetic study
, Article Renewable Energy ; Volume 189 , 2022 , Pages 881-898 ; 09601481 (ISSN) ; Helmi, M ; Hemmati, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2022
Abstract
In this research, a green solid catalyst of phosphomolybdic acid (HPA) prated on Chitosan was synthesized to produce biodiesel. The prepared catalyst was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and XRF analyses. The catalyst was applied in microwave-assisted trans-esterification of Pomegranate oil, and the biodiesel production process was optimized by response surface methodology based on central composite design (RSM-CCD). The effect of influential reaction parameters, including time (33–142 min), catalyst weight (0.15–5.6 wt%), and methanol to oil molar...