Sharif Digital Repository

The problem of Origination of The Universe is one of the most important issues in the history of philosophy whether in western edition or in Islamic thought. The most problematic aspect of the Origination is Temporal Origination. From about 30 years ago as a result of the works of a famous American philosopher William Lane Craig, the debate between temporality and Eternity of the Universe became a fresh topic in western philosophy. In this research we want to survey the philosophical arguments for and against the temporality of the Universe based on the views of: W.L.Craig, Q.Smith and Allamah S.M.H Al-Tabatabaie.
 

This thesis reviews briefly historical backgrounds and contexts of Darwin's theory and summarizes and describes his arguments in the Origin, and studies philosophical issues around Darwinism. This thesis includes four chapters: chapter one reviews historical line from Greek thinkers to ninteenth century scientists; chapter two summarizes ideas and arguments in the Origin; chapter three discusses some philosophical issues briefly; and chapter four is devoted to some conclusion  

During last century, one of the most important philosophy of religious field issues, especially after 1950 was religious language. In other words, one of the most important and affective problems which could attract philosophers was religious language problem. This issue also has a history resume. Ask about religious language, at least could be seen by philosophers of Abrahamic religion like Islam and Christian. However, during last century due to philosophic attention to the language, religious language became for another time, an important problem. In this thesis, first of all, a geographic view of questions and answers will be caught by reviewing theories, from past until now. This would... 

One of issues of human in this time is questions about epistemology. Human sometimes faced with this qustion that "Is it any knowledge for human being". Sometime he or she answers this question: yes and search for any knowledge around him or her. In the context of philosophy of science these question are very imortant. In philosophy of science one of major question is how many of factors in science is subjective and how many is objective? It is obvious that one of solution to answer this question is investigation of factors that construct the knowledege. Furthermore in this thesis I try to answer that question in context of Hikmat' Motealieh. In this context all of factors that involved in... 

The study of the religious experience is always one of the most important topics in researches related to the religion field. Religious and mystical experiences have always been one of the key religious concepts. The religious experience, like other human experiences, always comes with reactions in the human brain. Study of the religious experience from a neuroscience perspective can help us to answer questions and issues in the field of religious experience and cognitive credit of it. Assessment of what happens in the people’s brain during rituals like meditation or deep concentration provides a good window into understanding of what this means for people, being mystical or religious or... 

Technology is one of the most important aspects of human life at the present time. It can be said that there is no part of human life that is not affected by technology, that is, the most important aspects of human life, namely economic, social and political issues, are independent of technological technology and technology. Technology is not independent of the social systems in which they are formed. In such a situation, one can expect from Islam as a religion claiming human guidance in the most important aspects of life, which can not be ignored by technology and its place in human life, and can provide a way to interact. Human and technology and technology development in the community. In... 

One of the important questions in religious studies, is that why many people are religious or at least have tendency to religion. Some thinkers believe that religious experiences can be explained appropriately by methods based on natural sciences. In fact, we can explain religious experiences and beliefs by accepting naturalistic view. Evolutionary religious studies (ERS) is one of these doctrines about the root of religion, which claims that human nature and mind are the most important factors in religious actions and beliefs. So in order to find better knowledge about religion, we must study human mind. Human mind and nature are made through natural selection; so what is basic in religion... 

Undoubtedly today for all scholars and intellectuals have been established in various countries to obtain the knowledge and abilities would create amassing wealth for their scientific, The twenty-first century, therefore, important to develop methods of science are two-fold.
However, in today's world, science has been faced with many problems that it solves, many scientists and philosophers of science of the mind is engaged, Despite the many advances in medical problems, for example, that there are still many problems in the treatment of diseases, And this, according to many scientists in different fields of scientific expert has been approved.
But given the history of Muslim... 

One of the tasks of philosophy of science is to study the pre-suppositions involved in the natural sciences, to study the concepts used in scientific researches and theorizing. Hence, neglecting philosophy and even the modality of philosophical views, can have devastating effects on any science, including psychology (if it can be called science). Wittgenstein believed that in psychology we are confronted with experimental methods and conceptual confusion, and that this confusion does not go away with giving the title of young knowledge to the psychology. The emergence and dominance of behaviorism can be attributed to the effects of positivism and the uncomprehensive interpretation of physics... 

This research aims to define a two-level causality by using the imagination world, in which every phenomenon, in addition to having a material cause, has an imagination cause, and of course, these two causes are the manifestation of a single thing in two different worlds; That is, everything that exists in the material world is another face of the phenomena of the imagination world. This research is presented in an introduction, two parts and a conclusion. The first part deals with Henry Corbin and his research on the imagination world, and the second part is dedicated to the role of imagination world in explaining the relationship between science and religion. In the first part, after a... 

For more than two decades psychologists and sociologists have been warning about the damage of new social media. in the last decade, the neurological research has been developed to provide an empirical foundation to support the above hypothesis. Much of the research has focused on teenagers and young adults as the so-called digital native and as the largest number of social media users. They hold that a significant contribution to the adolescent trend plays a significant role in the tendency of individuals toward social media, thus increasing impulsive behavior. The three parts of the brain, namely the "social cognition network," the "self-referential cognition network" and the "reward... 

Today, several centuries after the time when science began to flourish of science, everybody is familiar with destroying consequences of modern science and technology, in addition to its achievments. Besides, domination and exclusive position of science in educational system and government organizations have marginalized alternative knowledge. Thus, some people found this trend dangerous for humankind’s fate and tried to change this situation. Nasr and Feyerabend are two philosophers that despite their different work area both criticise modern science and try to establish their own ideal scientific community.Nasr’s approach is regeneration of traditional science which was prevalent before... 

The problem of the divine actin in nature in its traditional form has been raised as the relation between the entities which have origination and eternal entities. However, the new form of this problem is how the divine action would be compatible with the basic assumptions of naturalism and physicalism, especially causal closure. In the present dissertation, two approaches in this issue are examined. First one is a metaphysical perspective and tries to explain the divine action through the laws of nature. The second approach is a science-based perspective and tries to solve the problem through physical indeterminations, especially in quantum mechanics. I advocate the first approach, with...