Sharif Digital Repository

In this study, a general 3D distributed modeling of Trolling-Mode AFM (TR-AFM) as a nanorobot is presented to analyze the 2D manipulation process of a spherical cell. To this aim, the analysis is categorized into 3 sections. In the first section, 6 deformations of TR-AFM are taken into account, and the standard model of the system is obtained. Moreover, the system is simulated in ANSYS Workbench. The results of modal and transient analyses of the system from both analytical and software methods reveal high agreement, which confirms the accuracy of the presented analytical model. In the second section, by utilizing the 3D derived model, displacement of a spherical yeast single cell (W303)... 

Some factors like environmental conditions and manufacturing errors affect performance of a MEMS rate gyroscope. Because they may result to parameter mismatch between the designed gyroscope and the fabricated one. The Parametrically excited gyros are more robust to these changes than the harmonically excited gyros. However, these types of gyros also experience reduction in their accuracy in angular velocity determination due to these changes. One of parameters that affect the accuracy of the gyroscope is quadrature error that here, its effect in the accuracy of angular velocity determination is investigated in two typically designed harmonically and parametrically excited MEMS gyroscopes.... 

In this work, a chemometrics-based strategy is developed for quantitative mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). In this regard, quantification of chlordecone as a carcinogenic organochlorinated pesticide (C10Cll0O) in mouse liver using the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization MSI (MALDI-MSI) method is used as a case study. The MSI datasets corresponded to 1, 5 and 10 days of mouse exposure to the standard chlordecone in the quantity range of 0 to 450 μg g-1. The binning approach in the m/z direction is used to group high resolution m/z values and to reduce the big data size. To consider the effect of bin size on the quality of results, three different bin sizes of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 were... 

MEMS rate gyroscopes are prone to different errors because of environmental conditions and manufacturing errors. These errors can result to mismatch between the fabricated gyros and the designed ones. Different environmental conditions and disturbances can change the parameters and specifications of a gyro, and its sensitivity may deteriorate, since the parameters are different from the optimal ones. External linear acceleration is one of the main environmental disturbances that may change the behavior of an MEMS rate gyro that its effect on the accuracy of an MEMS proof mass gyroscope is found here. This is done by finding the equations of motion of gyroscope in presence of acceleration and... 

One of the key open questions in the area of low or controlled salinity water flooding (LSWF or CSWF) is how the observed oil recovery at macro-scale (e.g. Darcy or core-scale) can the explained and what underlying microscopic mechanisms drive it. Thus far, the micromodel investigation of LSWF has been limited to sandstones, remaining challenging to apply to carbonates. In this paper we aim to i) extend the capability to fabricate a novel calcite micromodel using Iceland spar calcite crystal, ii) investigate the pore-scale mechanisms leading to oil recovery from carbonates. A target crude oil-brine-rock (COBR) system was first selected. To screen potential brines which can produce... 

The formation damage (FD) caused by the invasion of drilling fluid severely affects reservoir performance during production. Most of the published research studies which address this type of FD have been carried out at the core or field scale. Thus, the main aim of the paper is to investigate the pore-scale mechanisms of FD induced by drilling fluids and their control with silica nanoparticles (NPs) using a microfluidic approach. The proper identification of the mechanisms of FD can lead to the proper selection of NP type and concentration as well as a suitable method to remediate FD. The micromodel was designed in a way to closely simulate the cross-flow at the wellbore surface. A... 

Estimation of physical parameters of a parametrically excited gyroscope is studied in this paper. This estimation is possible by reading the input and output data of the gyroscope. Because of different faults in the manufacturing process and tolerances, physical parameters of a gyroscope are not exactly same as the expected values of the manufacturer. Moreover, changing of temperature, humidity, external acceleration, etc. can change the physical parameters of the gyro. Thus, the physical parameters of gyroscope are not fixed values and may deviate from the desired designed values. The physical parameters of gyroscope determine the optimal region for working of gyroscope. Thus, if the... 

In speech production systems, the vocal tract is modeled by a filter and glottal pulse by an excitation signal. In most traditional systems impulse train or noise is used as the excitation. In this paper the effects of different excitation signals on Mel-generalized cepstral filters (LPC, warped LPC, mel cepstral and ML cepstral) are studied. Excitation signals with different pulse shapes are used. Furthermore, based on voicing power, noise factor is added to the excitation signals. Totally 600 different experiments with different filter types, number of coefficients, pulse shapes, pulse widths and noise power are preformed. Synthesized speech is evaluated by PESQ measure. A number of pulse... 

A novel photolithography-based technique was developed to fabricate a quasi-2D heterogeneous calcite micromodel of representative elementary volume size. The effect of brine-chemistry on the mobilization of capillarity and heterogeneity trapped oil after high salinity water injection was evaluated by using diluted seawater, and seawater modified with calcium, sulphate, and silica nanoparticles. Preliminary brine screening was performed based on modified contact angle experiments under dynamic salinity alteration. The main findings are that the chemical composition of brine impacts both the ultimate oil recovery and its speed. The highest and fastest oil recovery was obtained with diluted... 

The original article contained a mistake in Equation 1. The corrected Equation 1 is shown below: MX+Cx+Kx=f.The original article has been updated © Springer Nature B.V. 2022  

In this article, the control of an electrohydrodynamic 3D printer is studied. The proposed controller has a hybrid piecewise linear feedback form which is designed based on a hybrid model of the printer. The hybrid model is obtained via a gray box identification process whose structure is proposed utilizing the results of the finite element simulation of the printer within the COMSOL Multiphysics software. The asymptotic stability of the hybrid control combined with a hybrid observer is proven using the Lyapunov theory. In addition, the obtained control is applied to the finite element model of the printer to check its performance which shows the success of the controlled system in tracking... 

A gas turbine which output 18MW power exploded after 3h of ordinary operation and after 4,785 starts. The turbine's rotor had undergone repair after 77,000 operating hours. A piece was cut from the failed marriage bolt and tested using atomic absorption spectrometry in order to know the grade of the alloy. It was found that the marriage bolt is made from ASTM A193 B16 steel which is suitable. Hardness and microhardness measurement was also determined and showed that it was within the range of the specified hardness for ASTM A193 B16 steel. The marriage bolt's mechanical properties also meet technical specifications and showed that it contained anti-corrosion properties. Visual examination... 

In this study, two methods for solving economic dispatch problems, namely Hopfield neural network and X iteration method are compared. Three sample of power system with 3, 6 and 20 units have been considered. The time required for CPU, for solving economic dispatch of these two systems has been calculated. It has been shown that for on-line economic dispatch, Hopfield neural network is more efficient and the time required for convergence is considerably smaller compared to classical methods. © 2006 IEEE  

This paper presents a novel flexible control strategy for Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC), which achieves more flexibility in compensation of power quality disturbances as compared to the existing methods. The proposed control strategy provides priority-based compensation as well as full and standard-based compensation considering the rating of series and shunt parts of a UPQC. The priority-based compensation is done based on the compensation priority among different power quality disturbances. In this control strategy, an on-line estimation of different voltage and current disturbances is required. For this purpose, a Unified Adaptive Power Quality Estimator (UAPQE) has been... 

This paper presents a new unified power-quality conditioning system (MC-UPQC), capable of simultaneous compensation for voltage and current in multibus/multifeeder systems. In this configuration, one shunt voltage-source converter (shunt VSC) and two or more series VSCs exist. The system can be applied to adjacent feeders to compensate for supply-voltage and load current imperfections on the main feeder and full compensation of supply-voltage imperfections on the other feeders. In the proposed configuration, all converters are connected back to back on the dc side and share a common dc-link capacitor. Therefore, power can be transferred from one feeder to adjacent feeders to compensate for... 

For characterizing Bauschinger effect factor (BEF) and Bauschinger modulus reduction of an A5083 aluminum alloy experimentally, several uniaxial tension- compression tests carried out in different pre-strain levels using INSTRON testing machine. BEF was investigated using both Welter and Milligan's definitions for various offset values. It was observed that Milligan's definition predicts BEF less than Welter's definition for all offset values. In addition, real loading-unloading behavior of such alloy was recorded to predict residual stresses resulting from autofrettage and shrink fit processes. Variable material properties (VMP) method, which is capable of incorporating real unloading... 

Real loading- unloading behavior of an A5083 aluminum alloy was recorded experimentally. This real behavior was incorporated in the variable material properties (VMP) numerical algorithm to predict residual stresses resulted from autofrettage and shrink fit in two kinds of autofrettage compound tubes. Using an analytical method, residual stresses induced by bore material removal via machining were calculated. Using developed VMP code and isotropic hardening rule in both autofrettage compound tubes, residual stresses resulted from shrink fit and autofrettage processes and via post machining, were estimated. Machining process simulation was performed for 10 mm bore material removal. ANSYS... 

In this paper, using numerical solutions of bore and outer radius hoop residual stresses in various tube geometries for autofrettage prior to shrink fit and shrink fit prior to autofrettage design are investigated, and the results are compared with monobloc autofrettaged and shrunk fit tubes. Both of the former compound tubes induce more compressive bore hoop residual stresses than a monobloc autofrettage and shrunk fit case. Furthermore, in geometries in which maximum bore hoop residual stresses are induced, the outer radius experiences acceptably low tensile residual stresses. Bore hoop residual stresses increase with increase of tube outer radius; however the rate of increasing decreases.... 

In this paper fabrication of a 0-3 ceramic/ceramic composite lead zirconate titanate, Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thin film has been presented and then a pressure sensor based on multilayer thin-film PZT diaphragm contain of Lead Zirconate Titanate nanocrystalline powders was designed, modeled and optimized. This multilayer diaphragm in general acts as sensor or actuator. ANSYS was used for simulation of diaphragm. Dynamics characteristics of this multilayer diaphragm have been investigated. By this simulation the effective parameters of the multilayer PZT diaphragm for improving the performance of a pressure sensor in different ranges of pressure are optimized. The optimized thickness ratio of PZT... 

Excitation signal has essential role in speech synthesis filters to produce natural speech. In this study, a new method is proposed for modeling the glottal pulse shape of a speaker. A search is done on the glottal pulse shape space using simulated annealing method. The PESQ measure and Cepstral distance between the original signal and the synthesized signal are used as the cost function. An LPC filter with 10 coefficients is used as the synthesis filter. The PESQ value between the original and synthesized speech using traditional impulse is 2.402. Here, the glottal pulse for a certain speaker is modeled in three different experiments. In the first experiment, the negative PESQ measure is...