Sharif Digital Repository

Transmit waveform plays a significant role in active sensing systems. High speed and off-the-shelf processors, digital arbitrary waveform generators, and solid state transmitters have paved the way for an increased capability to adapt the transmit signal and the receive fil-ters with respect to (w.r.t.) the illuminated environment. In this thesis, we have considered the waveform design problem for different scenarios, in two parts. Firstly, we have con-sidered the problem for the extended target model in single-input single-output (SISO) radars. There, we have assumed known target impulse response (TIR) with an unknown reflection factor and found the waveform corresponding to the optimal... 

In this dissertation, the application of frequency and space diversities in radar target parameter estimation are investigated. On this basis, multi-frequency signal is used to improve the range resolution, array structure is used to increase the angle estimation accuracy and the merger of the multi-frequency signal and array structure are used to increase the maximum number of targets that can be uniquely identified.Considering the desirable properties of multi-frequency signals such as high bandwidth efficiency, high range resolution achievement without chip length decrease and …, there has been increased interest in the vast area of research on the design of such signals that has... 

Target recognition techniques based on micro Doppler phenomenon are popular because they are applicable even on low resolution radars, in contrast to other techniques such as High Resolution Range Profile (HRRP) which need high resolution in range or angle. Usually, main purpose of such techniques is generating robust features against target initial state, velocity, aspect angle, etc. rather than features which exactly identify a target. Main approaches in the literature are based on time-frequency transforms (TFT) such as spectrogram in order to generate features to classify targets, but in this thesis, we propose a totally different method using Recurrence Plot for generating features... 

In this research with Finite Element Methods in ABAQUS, numerical modeling has done in three-dimensions, which can be used to determine the effect of different factors on the surface settlement. Also, various factors such as geotechnical conditions, tunnel diameter,tunnel depth, the impact of the thickness of the segments and the amount of eccentricity of the structure relative to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel considered in this study. Face Pressure Supports, and Grout Injection Pressures are taken into account, too.Tunnel drilling causes a change in the displacement area and creates a changing zone around the tunnel. In this regard, not only adjacent buildings will be affected by... 

Proton precession magnetometers are one of the most sensitive scalar magnetic sensors. Their function is based on Zeeman effect and also nuclear magnetic resonance phenomena. In this project we have designed and implemented needed coils, swithching and signal detection circuits. Because of extremely high sensitivity of this sensor to induced noises and also gradient of earth’s magnetic fileld, detection of precession signal needs design of low noise electronic circuits with special EMC considerations. The implemented system in this project contains different blocks, such as switching circuit and its related control unit, amplifier, filter and frequency meter. Using this system, the obtained... 

Effective field theory is a practical method for model building and explaining experimental/observational data. These theories are constructed based on knowing low energy degrees of freedom and symmetries (accidental or fundamental). By construction, these theories are applicable up to a cut-off scale and their predictions beyond that are not reliable. For applications to higher energies a UV completion is needed through which modifications are applied or new heavy degrees of freedom are introduced. In order to complete a theory in a Wilsonian approach, scattering amplitudes must satisfy some constraints. These constraints are derived from basic assumptions like Lorentz invariance,... 

Numerous structures which are involved in seismic soil-pile-structure interaction have been destroyed. Considering complexities which exist in soil-pile interaction problems and lack of precise methods without imperfect bases, it is necessary to use numerical methods for analyzing soil-pile interaction problems. In this research, three-dimensional modeling and studying the effect of changing soil and pile parameters on the behavior of pile under earthquake loading is performed using finite difference software, FLAC3D. The soil in this model has a softening behavior. Real earthquake spectrum has been applied into the model as the acceleration time history at the bedrock level. The results of... 

Suction caisson is a relatively new technology which was introduced about 30 years ago for the first time and after several investigations, was found its position in the oil industry and construction of anchorages, during previous decade. So nowadays, it is the most effective and economical choice as the mooring of offshore structures in comparison with the other foundations. Suction caisson is a hollow cylinder with an open bottom and a closed top. After placement on the seafloor, the caisson first penetrates into the soil by its self weight and then inserts into the ground by pumping water out of it. Although many researchers have attempted to understand the behavior of suction caissons... 

Modern communication and space systems such as satellite communication devices, radars, SAR and radio astronomy interferometers are realized with large antenna arrays since this kind of radiating systems are able to generate radiation patterns with high directivity and resolution. In such a framework, conventional arrays with uniform inter-element spacing could be not satisfactory in terms of costs and dimensions. An interesting alternative is to reduce the array elements obtaining the so called ‘ thinned arrays’. Large thinned arrays have been exploited because of their advantages in terms of weight,consumption, hardware complexity, and cost over the... 

Multi-period Value-at-Risk (VaR) forecasting is important for risk management. Financial institutions especially commercial banks according to Basel Committee regulations for capital adequacy in “Internal Approach”, should forecast their VaR for multi-period horizons (longer than one day). The most conventional approach for forecasting multi-period VaR is scaling one-day forecasted VaR that is called “square root of time rule”; therefore most works in this area have been focused on forecasting one-day VaR. In this study, we review performance of a wide range of different methods in forecasting multi-period VaR. The results of our study show that historical simulation performs weakly in... 

The current global economy challenges and the importance of maintaining a sustainable development strategy has increasingly bolded the importance of construction productivity measures. This research describes the results of a running research that is to find the most critical factors affecting the productivity of high rise concrete building projects in developing countries. To achieve that, we have conducted Delphi method in two phases. In the first phase we had a brainstorming program with construction experts from owner organizations, construction contractors and designing engineers to identify factors that have influenced productivity in recent concrete building construction projects.50... 

A large number of structures subjected to the seismic loading have been damaged or have experienced failure in different parts such as the pile structure or even in the entire structure due to unanticipated effects of the soil-pile-structure interaction.The complexity of problems regarding the soil-pile-structure interaction is an influencing factor in prediction of the behavior of structure during the earthquakes. In this study, the effect of the interaction on the dynamic response of bridges was investigated using the finite element software ABAQUS. The primary purpose of this study, as previously described, is to study the effects of the soil-structure interaction on a bridge located on a... 

In this project design of adaptive neural network controller for uncertain nonlinear systems in the presence of different restrictions has been investigated. After providing introduction and motivation, two general forms of nonlinear systems including strict- feedback and pure- feedback have been introduced. In order to solve the problem caused by each restriction, a solution has been proposed. For the strict- feedback nonlinear systems several restrictions are considered such as, unknown dynamic model, unmeasured state, input saturation, unknown control directions, time delays in states and input. Stability analysis based on the Lyapunov theorem has been established. In addition, two kinds... 

After being introduced in 2009, the first fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme has created significant excitement in academia and industry. Despite rapid advances in the last 6 years, FHE schemes are still not ready for deployment due to an efficiency bottleneck. Here we introduce a hardware/software codesign, in fact a hardware accelerator optimized for a class of reconfigurable logic to bring homomorphic encryption schemes one step closer to deployment in real-life applications. The accelerator we present is connected via a fast PCIe interface to a CPU platform to provide homomorphic evaluation services to any application that needs to support blinde computations. Specifically we... 

Nowadays, due to the indensible role of electrical energy in life of societies, the reliability of service should be provided in an economic form. Researches has shown that, about 80% of faults occur in the distribution network. In a distribution network that is equipped with automation systems, through the acceleration in the determination of the fault location, and also possibility of reacting against transient and steady faults, the electricity interruption time duration is minimized. This thesis aims to determine the number and to locate the auto reclosers and fault indicators in a distribution network optimally. To make it economically feasible, a limited number of these devices and... 

Train-induced vibrations can disturb the residential areas close to the rail as well as making ground-borne noises that can create problems for sensitive apparatus and devices. To reduce these problems, there need to be an evaluation of the amplitude of the ground-borne vibrations. The goal in this study is creating a suitable finite difference model in order to predict the intensity of train induced vibrations propagating inside or on the surface of the soil using FLAC (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua) software as well as assessing the effectiveness of recycled shredded tires in reducing the surface vibrations by using these material as the filler for vibration isolation trenches. The... 

Massive-MIMO and C-RAN are the two technologies which will be among most important parts of fifth generation (5G) stsrems. They will find widespread uses in future years. However, data transfer rate between these two technologies is a challenging problem. Also channel estimation is crucial in massive-MIMO systems. In this research, the problem of estimating the channel and the problems with the data transfer rate between these two technologies are investigated. We propose using 1-bit quantizers to solve the rate problem and also an algorithm with perfect performance in aspect of error rate is proposed. The mentioned algorithm is implemented on GPUs, which are available at C-RANs and resulted... 

Determination of soil bearing capacity has been a subject for both geotechnical engineers and designers for a long time and a variety of relationships have been proposed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of homogeneous soils. One of the most primitive equations in bearing capacity of foundations, which was Based on prandtl's (1920) bearing capacity, with some modifications, was proposed by Terzaghi. In many lands, the soft clay layer Located in a low depth of subsurface soil profile. Either the foundation should be laid in greater depth on the stiff clay or a layer of compacted sand can be used to improve the ultimate bearing capacity. Most of the recent works, which have done so... 

This research uses the Comovement between electronic payment data with GDP growth rate and private consumption growth rate to nowcast these two important macroeconomics variables. We use point of sale data set from the beginning of 1392 to the end of autumn of 1395 in monthly frequency in mixed data sampling model to use the Comovement for Nowcasting. Besides, we use two other data set, sale of industrial electricity and sale of agricultural electricity. All of this data set gives a real time sense of macroeconomics. They are also free of mistake. We show that using of this data set in the frame of MIDAS can decrease the root mean square forecast error (RMSFE) relative to auto regressive... 

Researches on internationalization and export have categorized all factors as internal and external and most of them try to explain this behavior by studying external factors. Recent study in this field have shown that simply promoting specific behavior is not enough, and it is important to try to change the attitudes of managers toward internationalization. Utilizing Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this research tries to understand the relationship between attitudes of managers and internationalization behavior of an organization. the explicit objective of this research is to determine the factors which influence the organization behavior on internationalization (specifically indirect...