Sharif Digital Repository

The purpose of this study is providing a framework for the evaluation of process and content of development programs and evaluating the fourth and fifth law development program of Iran. Policy evaluation is one the most important measures in the policy cycle and is implemented with the purpose of learning from the results of stage. Given the wide dimensions of policy making, achieving a model for evaluating policy is faced with many complexities. In this study with reviewing previous experiences in the field of policy evaluation, an integrated model for evaluating policy, is presented from two main aspects of the process and the content and then with using this model, the Fourth Program and... 

Ag and Ni are immiscible, mainly due to their large lattice mismatch. This paper reports on their nanoscale formation of solid solution at room temperature by simple reduction reactions which lead to the amorphous Ag-Ni alloy nanoparticles (ANPs) with mono-disperse distribution. Microscopic and spectroscopic studies confirmed dependence of the alloy composition on size of nanoparticles. In the presence of different ligands such as sodium citrate, polyvinyl alcohol and potassium carbonate a mixture of silver oxide and Ag-Ni ANPs was achieved. Stoichiometry of the Ag-Ni ANPs was also found to be strongly dependent on ligands of the reduction reaction and further study shows without any ligand... 

Poly (vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (PVA/GO) gamma irradiated nanocomposite films and hydrogels were prepared. In composite films, GO was initially irradiated by gamma ray in order to improve interactions between GO and PVA. The film containing 1 wt-% GO was very strong where tensile modulus and tensile yield strength were 45 and 115% higher than those of pure PVA. In the second set of experiments PVA/GO hydrogels were made by irradiating PVA/GO suspensions by gamma ray at various doses. It was an interesting finding that GO increased the gel portion of hydrogels through contribution of H-bonds between PVA and GO. The hydrogels prepared at 20 kGy had remarkable water swelling ratio that... 

The main purpose of this paper is to use variational calculus and Pontryagin's minimum principle to propose a solution scheme for time optimal control problem stated on the fractional systems defined in the sense of Caputo. After deriving the necessary optimality conditions, a novel numerical solution is used to solve the problem. Afterwards, a simple case study shows the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2017  

The HIGHT algorithm is a 64-bit block cipher with 128-bit key length, at CHES'06 as a lightweight cryptographic algorithm. In this paper, a new related-key impossible differential attack on the full-round algorithm is introduced. Our cryptanalysis requires time complexity of 2127.276 HIGHT evaluations which is slightly faster than exhaustive search attack. This is the first related-key impossible differential cryptanalysis on the full-round HIGHT block cipher. Copyright  

The main point of this paper is to present a time domain strategy for drug dosage to treat psychiatric disorders. A time domain model of emotion is obtained from an extension of a recently developed fractional nonlinear dynamic model of happiness. First, the Fractional Optimal Control law for incommensurate multi state systems is obtained. It will be then applied as an optimal drug administration procedure in the line of psychiatric disorders treatment. Results of this paper show that optimal control scheme is a proper approach to face the difficulties of analysis and control the incommensurate systems. It can be also clearly seen from the simulation results that this approach is very... 

There are numerous functions for laser in modern implant dentistry including surface treatment, surface coating, and implant manufacturing. As laser application may potentially improve osseointegration of dental implants, we systematically reviewed the literature for in vitro biological responses to laser-modified or processed titanium dental implants. The literature was searched in PubMed, ISI Web, and Scopus, using keywords “titanium dental implants,” “laser,” “biocompatibility,” and their synonyms. After screening the 136 references obtained, 28 articles met the inclusion criteria. We found that Nd:YAG laser was the most commonly used lasers in the treatment or processing of titanium... 

In this paper, we investigate optimal coding strategies for a class of linear deterministic relay networks. The network under study is a relay network, with one source, one destination, and two relay nodes. Additionally, there is a disturbing source of signals that causes interference with the information signals received by the relay nodes. Our model captures the effect of the interference of message signals and disturbing signals on a single relay network, or the interference of signals from multiple relay networks with each other in the linear deterministic framework. For several ranges of the network parameters we find upper bounds on the maximum achievable source-destination rate in the... 

This paper contains analysis and simulation of recent dynamic models, describing human emotion. The pharmacological discussions lead to a new model of drug taking, which also have a better performance for description of psychological and psychiatric phenomena. Studying the effects of the order of fractional model, obtains an advantage of the fractional order model over the integer order one  

In the present study, the effect of nanosized graphene oxide layer on thermal stability and biocompatibility of gold nanorods has been examined. The graphene oxide-wrapped gold nanorods were prepared by electrostatic interaction between negatively charged graphene oxide and positively charged nanorods. The resulting nanohybrids were then heated at different time intervals to 95 °C in a water bath to assess the effect of heat on the rods morphology. The structural changes in gold nanorods were monitored via UV-Vis spectroscopy measurements and transmission electron microscopy images. In similar experiments, the graphene oxide used to wrap gold nanorods was reduced by ascorbic acid in a 95 °C... 

In the present study, the effect of nanosized graphene oxide layer on thermal stability and biocompatibility of gold nanorods has been examined. The graphene oxide-wrapped gold nanorods were prepared by electrostatic interaction between negatively charged graphene oxide and positively charged nanorods. The resulting nanohybrids were then heated at different time intervals to 95 °C in a water bath to assess the effect of heat on the rods morphology. The structural changes in gold nanorods were monitored via UV-Vis spectroscopy measurements and transmission electron microscopy images. In similar experiments, the graphene oxide used to wrap gold nanorods was reduced by ascorbic acid in a 95 °C... 

Increasing redundant paths in transmission grids has always been thought to be a tool to enhance service reliability. However, network equations by intertwining power flows through redundant paths impose more limits on systems with more redundancy. Accordingly, autonomous removing of a few lines may relief capacity limit violations in some contingency events thereby enhancing service reliability. This paper aims to study impacts of manual removing of transmission lines on composite system reliability. For doing so, the existing model is extended to consider optimal transmission switching (OTS) as a remedial action. The model minimizes total damage cost imposed by load curtailments. The... 

We perform large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations of SLAC fermions on a two-dimensional square lattice at half filling with a single Dirac cone with N=2 spinor components and repulsive on-site interactions. Despite the presence of a sign problem, we accurately identify the critical interaction strength Uc=7.28±0.02 in units of the hopping amplitude, for a continuous quantum phase transition between a paramagnetic Dirac semimetal and a ferromagnetic insulator. Using finite-size scaling, we extract the critical exponents for the corresponding N=2 chiral Ising Gross-Neveu universality class: the inverse correlation length exponent ν-1=1.19±0.03, the order parameter anomalous dimension... 

We study the problem of finding a target t from a start point s in street environments with the cooperation of two robots which have a minimal sensing capability; that is, robots do not know any information about the workspace including information on distances, edges, coordinates, angles etc. They just can detect the discontinuities in the visibility region of their location. The robots can detect target point t as soon as it enters their visibility region and have communication peripherals to send messages to each other. Our aim is to minimize the length of the path passed by the robots. We propose an online algorithm for robots such that they move in the workspace and find the target.... 

The clarification of rough non-alcoholic beer (RNAB) and diluted malt extract (DME) was investigated in a pilot plant consisting of a tubular ceramic membrane with nominal pore diameter of 0.45μm. The results of the primary experiments show that the concentration of suspended particles in the RNAB (∼0.05kg/m3) and DME (∼0.2kg/m3) correlates proportionally to turbidity (in NTU) with the factor of 4.45×10-4 (kgm-3NTU-1). During cross-flow microfiltration (CFMF), flux declined drastically with time due to fouling mechanisms and propensity. According to the characterizing curve of log(d2t/dV2) versus log(dt/dV), fouling is initiated by penetration of aggregates through the membrane surface,... 

An approach is proposed to control transient response of fractional order systems with maximum permissible control signal. This goal is achieved using a newly suggested characteristic ratio assignment method. Based on the proposed method, the generalized time constant τ and the characteristic ratios including their pattern, an adjustable parameter β, and the product of two successive characteristic ratios ρ are determined such that predefined level of overshoot and time specification of closed loop step response are obtained while the control signal is confined to a pre assigned maximum magnitude. The raised issue is solved by defining an optimization problem in which the design parameters... 

This paper presents a new analytical method to design fractional-order proportional- integral-derivative (PID) controllers. The control parameters are calculated so that the closedloop system approximates a desired transfer function with transient response requirements. This function is determined based on the characteristic ratio assignment method. The control parameters are calculated by matching the first three moments of the closed-loop transfer function with the corresponding values of the desired system. Furthermore, to ensure closed-loop stability the proposed method is improved by using the shifted moments around the crossover frequency. Illustrative examples are given to show the... 

This paper focuses on robust performance analysis of a closed loop fractional order system through a sensitivity approach. The characteristic ratio assignment method is selected to attain a desired closed loop transient response. Then, we compute the sensitivity of such a desired transfer function with respect to its characteristic ratio and we explore its specifications. The relation between the coefficient diagram shape and the relative stability of the closed loop system is discussed. Also, the closed loop poles variations due to the changes in the characteristic ratios are investigated. Finally, we study a pseudo second order process to verify the robust performance of the characteristic... 

In this paper the characteristic ratio assignment (CRA) method is employed to control transient response of a class of non-minimum phase fractional order systems. Since fractional order all-pass filter could not be realized, the fractional unstable zeros are converted to integer unstable zeros by multiplying complementary polynomials to numerator and denominator polynomials of system's transfer function. Doing so, the closed loop system would be an integer order all-pass filter multiple an all-pole fractional transfer function determined from CRA method. Computer simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. m