Sharif Digital Repository

Joint multistage expansion planning of active distribution network (ADN) is well investigated in this paper. This expansion model considers the effects of optimal operating conditions in the planning studies. In the proposed model, for each planning time stage, several operating scenarios are defined based on operational status of the network. The utilization of distributed energy resources (DERs) around the network is determined for each operating scenario through active management of these resources. In the planning level, investment in distribution network assets including feeders, substations, and distributed generations (DGs) incorporating conventional gas turbines and renewable wind... 

Today, coordinated expansion planning is one of the key challenges for electricity systems including active distribution networks (ADNs) and transmission networks (TNs) hosting distributed renewable generation as well as large-scale wind energy generation. Accordingly, this study presents a decentralised hybrid robust and stochastic (HR&S) expansion planning optimisation method to determine a robust generation and transmission planning for a TN and stochastic expansion planning for ADNs. The proposed HR&S planning model is formulated with the objective of achieving an effective expansion of both TN&ADN while minimises the investment and operation costs of TN&ADN planning considering wind... 

This paper presents a hierarchically distributed algorithm for the execution of distribution state estimation function in active networks equipped with some phasor measurement units. The proposed algorithm employs voltage-based state estimation in rectangular form and is well-designed for large-scale active distribution networks. For this purpose, as the first step, the distribution network is supposed to be divided into some overlapped zones and local state estimations are executed in parallel for extracting operating states of these zones. Then, using coordinators in the feeders and the substation, the estimated local voltage profiles of all zones are coordinated with the local state... 

Numerous operational issues including voltage deviation and instability arise in distribution networks with insufficient reactive support. Static issues have been widely studied for years, and some dynamic ones are recently gaining attention due to the proliferation of distributed generation (DG). In this paper, a two-step reactive compensation planning procedure is proposed to address these challenges. In the first step, passive compensators are optimally sited and sized using a metaheuristic algorithm in order to improve steady-state indices including power efficiency, voltage profile, and static voltage stability. In the second step, a static synchronous compensator (Statcom) is located... 

Growing demand for flexible ramp products (FRPs) to maintain the power balance in active distribution networks (ADNs) has expanded the use of costly fast-start generators in the upstream real-time market. In order to limit the power system's reliance on these units, it is necessary to establish new sources for providing ADNs with FRPs. In this context, the present paper examines the abilities of distributed energy resources (DERs) and active loads for supplying the ramp capacity demands of ADNs. Accordingly, a local real-time market was established in the ADN, empowering several DERs and active loads to provide the network's FRPs demands. The proposed market was formed in the context of a... 

A microgrid (MG) is a small-scale version of the power system which makes possible the integration of renewable resources as well as achieving maximum demand side management (DSM) utilization. The future power system will be faced with severe uncertainties owing to penetration of renewable resources. Consequently, the uncertainty assessment of system performance is essential. The conventional energy scheduling in an MG may not be suitable for active distribution networks. Hence, this study focuses on the probabilistic analysis of optimal power dispatch considering economic aspects in a multi-carrier networked microgrid. The aim is to study the impact of uncertain behavior of loads, renewable... 

This paper proposes a generalized analytical approach to evaluate the reliability of active distribution networks. The studies are implemented in the context of renewable-based energy hubs. The reliability of energy demands is determined as a function of reliability characteristics of energy hub input resources and converters as well as hub operating strategies. The framework proposed in this paper involves the main attributes of different distributed generation technologies as well as vehicle-to-grid (V2G)-capable vehicles in the reliability studies. Dealing with the uncertainty in energy services provided by the wind turbine output generation and V2G programs, efficient probabilistic... 

Due to the lack of data in active distribution networks, employing new accurate measurement devices like phasor measurement units (PMUs) and micro-PMUs with a high reporting rate becomes an inevitable choice for the future vision of distribution systems. As a result, different algorithms have been presented to optimally place PMUs cost-effectively based on the estimation errors of the distribution state estimation (DSE) results. However, any component failure in measurement devices or communication links between sending ends and monitoring system of the distribution management system can significantly affect the DSE results. In response, this study introduces the reliability of satisfying... 

Growing demand for flexible ramp products (FRPs) to maintain the power balance in active distribution networks (ADNs) has expanded the use of costly fast-start generators in the upstream real-time market. In order to limit the power system's reliance on these units, it is necessary to establish new sources for providing ADNs with FRPs. In this context, the present paper examines the abilities of distributed energy resources (DERs) and active loads for supplying the ramp capacity demands of ADNs. Accordingly, a local real-time market was established in the ADN, empowering several DERs and active loads to provide the network's FRPs demands. The proposed market was formed in the context of a... 

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of electric vehicles' (EVs) charging/discharging decisions in energy resources scheduling problem of active distribution networks. Design/methodology/approach: The problem under study is modelled as a two-stage optimisation problem in which the main requirements of EV owners are introduced as an objective function of the first stage. The total energy costs and the emission factor are considered as the main criteria of the second stage. The output generation schedules of distributed generation (DG) technologies together with the charging/discharging schedule of EVs are proposed as decision variables of the energy scheduling... 

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of electric vehicles' (EVs) charging/discharging decisions in energy resources scheduling problem of active distribution networks. Design/methodology/approach: The problem under study is modelled as a two-stage optimisation problem in which the main requirements of EV owners are introduced as an objective function of the first stage. The total energy costs and the emission factor are considered as the main criteria of the second stage. The output generation schedules of distributed generation (DG) technologies together with the charging/discharging schedule of EVs are proposed as decision variables of the energy scheduling... 

Technical virtual power plant (TVPP) plays an important role in modern power systems by coordinating distributed energy resources (DERs) to participate in wholesale electricity market. This paper presents a framework for TVPP's energy management in an active distribution system with diverse uncertain DERs. The TVPP participates in wholesale day-ahead (DA) market and schedules DERs in order to maximize its profit, while considers actual locations of DERs in the network and takes network operational constraints into account. Many diverse DERs including DGs, renewable energy sources (RESs), and several load sectors comprising EVs, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and... 

With the rapid advancement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) technology, system operators in different level of power systems have access to new and abundant measurements. Taking into account these measurements in active distribution systems (ADNs), a new algorithm for short-circuit fault detection and identification based on state estimation (SE) is introduced in this paper. In this regard, as the first step, traditional SE process is revised to be compatible with fault conditions. Then, a fault location algorithm (FLA) based on the revised SE (RDSSE) is presented which attends to detect the location of fault after diagnosing faulted zone. For this purpose, current and voltage...