Sharif Digital Repository

An assessment of the relative speeds and payload capacities of airborne and waterborne vehicles accentuates a gap that can be usefully filled by a new vehicle concept, making use of both hydrodynamic and aerodynamic forces. A high speed marine vehicle equipped with aerodynamic surfaces (called an AAMV, ‘aerodynamically alleviated marine vehicle’) is one such concept. There are three major modes of motion in the operation of an AAMV including take-off, cruising and landing. However, during take-off, hydrodynamic and aerodynamic problems of an AAMV interact with each other in a coupled manner, which make the evaluation of this phase much more difficult. In this article, at first aerodynamic... 

Because reversible fans must be able to provide similar performance in either rotation direction, they need to have completely symmetrical blades. In the present study, an elliptic profile with itsmaximum thickness of 8%chord length at themiddle of the chord line is studied. For verification, theNACA0012 airfoilwas once analyzed two-dimensionally in the isolatedformationandonce in cascade formation with0.55 and 0.83 solidities, andthe obtainedresultswere comparedwith numerical and experimental results. Three well-known Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes turbulence models including Spalart-Allmaras, realizable κ-ϵ, and shear-stress transport κ-ω were used to find the suitable turbulence method.... 

Because reversible fans must be able to provide similar performance in either rotation direction, they need to have completely symmetrical blades. In the present study, an elliptic profile with itsmaximum thickness of 8%chord length at themiddle of the chord line is studied. For verification, theNACA0012 airfoilwas once analyzed two-dimensionally in the isolatedformationandonce in cascade formation with0.55 and 0.83 solidities, andthe obtainedresultswere comparedwith numerical and experimental results. Three well-known Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes turbulence models including Spalart-Allmaras, realizable κ-ϵ, and shear-stress transport κ-ω were used to find the suitable turbulence method.... 

In the proposed study, a Hybrid Model Predictive Controller is introduced for cruise control of an automobile model. The presented model consists of the engine, the gearbox, and the transmission dynamics, where the aerodynamics force and elastic friction between the tires and road are taken into account. Through Piecewise Linearization of nonlinearities in the system; (torque)-(throttle)-(angular velocity) of engine and (aerodynamic drag force)-(automobile velocity), a comprehensive piecewise linear model for the system is obtained. Then combined with the switch and shift between engaged gears in gearbox, the Piecewise Affine (PWA) model for the vehicle dynamics is acquired. As far as the... 

The flow over a supersonic inlet has been investigated experimentally and numerically at a free stream Mach number of 2 and a zero degree angle of attack. Wind tunnel tests were performed to obtain the performance parameters of the inlet and were used as a baseline and validation tools for the numerical code. A heat source was added to the flow field at a distance ahead of the inlet. The effect of heat source addition on the main performance parameters of the inlet is investigated numerically. Results show that the heat source considerably reduces drag coefficient; however, its effect on pressure recovery is not favorable. This unfavorable effect was then minimized by controlling heat source... 

The dynamics of multi-tethered satellite formations consisting of three masses are studied in this paper. The triple-mass triple-tethered satellite system is modeled under the low Earth orbit perturbations of drag and Earth's oblateness and its equilibrium conditions are derived. It is modeled as three equal end-masses connected by a uniform-mass straight tether. The lengths of tethers are supposed to be constant and in this manner the angles of the plane consisting the masses are taken as the state variables of the system. The governing equations of motion are derived using Lagrangian approach. The aerodynamic drag perturbation is expressed as an external nonconservative force and the Earth... 

Numerous experiments were conducted on the section of a 660 kw wind turbine blade in a subsonic wind tunnel. The selected airfoil was tested with a clean and distributed contamination roughness surface, with a high and low tunnel turbulence intensity. Surface contamination was simulated by applying 0.5 mm height roughness over the entire upper surface of the airfoil. The surface pressure distribution is measured under a steady and unsteady condition, at three Reynolds numbers; 0.43, 0.85, and 1.3 million, and over a range of angles of attack, AOA=7°-19°. Unsteady data were acquired by both pitch and plunge-type oscillation of the model about its quarter chord at a reduced frequency of 0.07.... 

Simulations of flow through microchannels over nano particles are widely encountered in solid particle transportation. In these simulations, the rarefaction phenomenon will affect the microflow behavior and subsequently the aerodynamics coefficients such as the drag coefficient derived for the suspended particles in the flow stream. This is why we use the Lattice Boltzmann method LBM to study the flow past a confined cylinder placed in a microchannel. The LBM is a mesoscopic method capable of solving flow in macro and micro scales. Applying the Maxwellian scattering kernel, the slip velocity is modeled on the channel and cylinder walls appropriately. To validate our formulations, we firstly... 

This study is an extension of our previous work that was conducted on the aerodynamic characteristics of an ultra light weight airplane, which could be a human-powered airplane or an unmanned-aerial vehicle. One of the major aerodynamic tasks which should be done in this type of airplane is to reduce drag coefficient. The mainly effectual strategy for drag reduction is to contemplate on the components that make up the largest percentage of the overall drag and take into account that small improvements on large quantities can become significant aerodynamic improvements. Our experience showed that the use of light material in constructing human-powered airplanes and unmanned-air-vehicles has... 

This article is devoted to the numerical investigation of the shock wave/boundary layer interaction (SWBLI) as the main factor influencing the aerodynamic performance of transonic bumped airfoils and wings. The numerical analysis is conducted for the ONERA-M6 wing through a shock control bump (SCB) shape optimisation process using the adjoint optimisation method. SWBLI is analyzed for both clean and bumped airfoils and wings, and it is shown how the modified wave structure originating from upstream of the SCB reduces the wave drag, by improving the boundary layer velocity profile downstream of the shock wave. The numerical simulation of the turbulent viscous flow and a gradient-based adjoint... 

To study efficiency of the genetic algorithms (GAs) in optimization of aerodynamic shapes, shape of an airfoil is optimized by a genetic algorithm to obtain maximum lift to drag ratio and maximum lift. The flow field is assumed to be two dimensional, viscous, and transonic and is analyzed numerically. The camber line and thickness distribution of the airfoil are modeled by a fourth order polynomial. The airfoil chord length is assumed constant. Also, proper boundary conditions are applied. A finite volume method using the first order Roe's flux approximation and time marching (explicit) method is used for flow analysis. The simple genetic algorithm (SGA) is used for optimization. This... 

The first notable megawatt class wind turbine, which was the pioneer of improvement in the blade performance in large wind turbines, appeared in Vermont. Nowadays, modern wind turbines are using blades with multi-airfoils at different sections. In this study, in order to indicate the best airfoil profile for the optimum performance in different sections of a blade, five popular airfoils, including S8xx, FFA and AH series, were studied. On the large-scale profile, shear stress transport K–ω model was applied for the simulation of horizontal axis wind turbines for different wind speeds. The aerodynamic simulation was accomplished using computational fluid dynamic method, which in turn is based...