Sharif Digital Repository

In the past 10 years Iran has been emerging as a major car producer in the world. However, due to delays in economic reforms, Iranian car exports have not increased as much as production. This paper presents a first estimation of the Iranian export potential in the car industry. Based on new theoretical developments of the gravity equation, an empirical bilateral trade model is proposed. It includes sectoral variables (car production, import tariffs), as well as other original variables, such as expectations and hysteresis. We then develop a dataset which includes the 40 major car-exporting countries in the world, 34 importing countries, a 10-year time period as well as four car production... 

This paper proposes a simultaneous approach to manage congestion, evaluate congestion cost, and to allocate this cost among consumers in a short-run market model. The proposed method consists of an iterative algorithm to search and apply a sequence of the best feasible bilateral power exchange among the generators that would optimally reduce and completely remove the congestion. The best exchanges are selected using sensitivity analysis and the AC load flow is used to apply the selected exchange on the system. Congestion cost is calculated using the change in generation cost and divided among the overloaded lines regarding the change in power flow of these lines, after applying the selected...