Sharif Digital Repository

One of the problems facing quantum computation is errors due to interaction with the environment which destroy coherence of quantum states. Most schemes to design a quantum computer therefore focus on finding ways to minimize the interactions of the qubits with the environment. Constructing such systems with large numbers of qubits which are infallible is a hard task and far from being achieved in the near future. There is another quantum computational model which is called topological quantum computation, proposing a different solution. Qubits of this model are quasiparticles of a 2-dimensional topologically ordered system that are called Anyons. In this model gates are nonabelian...