Sharif Digital Repository

Network pricing is an effective transportation demand management scheme to reduce traffic and control air pollution, particularly in CBDs. In this study, congested area cordon entry and Park-and-Ride (P/R) facility use are priced for automobiles. Increase in these prices may reduce private auto demand by impelling some of the auto passengers to use public transport from the origin of their trips, or encouraging them to park their cars at the P/R facilities and use buses, or pay the entrance fee and drive inside the cordon. A Markov decision process has been devised to find an optimal policy for pricing the P/R facilities and cordon entry in a city within a variable demand context. This... 

The integration of Transportation Demand Management (TDM) policies is a challenging issue in urban policy studies. Interactions between policies that are not addressed broadly in the integration context play a main role in the outcome of TDM policy packages. However, different individual daily trip purposes, city development, variations in land use and different levels of decision making about transportation often lead to the implementation of more than one TDM policy at a time. This study examined the role of TDM policy interactions on the macro and micro levels. On the macro level, this study showed that the introduction of two-way interactions in the model could improve the goodness of...