Sharif Digital Repository

Crumb rubber, produced from shredding of scrap or refused tires, is one of the most commonly used modifiers of asphalt. Asphalt rubber, in addition to mitigating some of the environmental problems of disposing scrap tire, improves the flexural strength of pavement, extends the life of pavement and reduces the maintenance costs. The properties of asphalt rubber are highly dependent on the type and composition of base asphalt, type and amount of crumb rubber, and the production method.The goal of this research is to investigate the performance properties of asphalt rubbers produced from Iranian asphalt and crumb rubber, using an industrially feasible method. The Superpave testing procedure was... 

In recent decades, the use of modifiers has been one of the common methods on major roads to inhibit cracking and permanent deformation in asphalt pavements. Simultaneously, due to the economic and environmental benefits of hot mix asphalt recycling, the consumption of recycled asphalt pavement on all types of roads has been on the rise. However, a significant issue with recycled asphalt mixtures is their susceptibility to various types of cracking, as a result of the increased stiffness and brittleness of the recycled asphalt binders. To address this issue, two main questions need to be answered; a) the potential positive effects of modifiers left in the recycled mixture to be accounted for... 

Modification by crumb rubber is a useful means of improving the resistance of asphalt binders and mixtures against rutting, fatigue cracking, and low temperature cracking. Increase binder viscosity and decrease stability at high temperatures are accompanied by most modifiers, and crumb rubber is no exception. Recent research efforts have shown that development of cross bonds across polymer chains and sulfur can improve the storage stability of modified binders. Also, WMA additives can considerably decrease the binder viscosity. This research showed that addition of small amount of sulfur during the crumb rubber modification can improve the workability and storage stability of this binder.... 

Crumb Rubber is one of the main polymer modifiers of binders. This modifier can improve chip seal performance against ravelling (aggregate loss). The most concerning distress in chip seal is ravelling. Aggregate loss is not restricted to the early life of chip seal, but continues throughout the service life. Chip seal can be made with hot binders or emulsion binders. These two type of binder were modified with 7% and 15% of crumb rubber in applicable way. Then, two major environmental effect on chip seal performance, freeze-thaw and asphalt aging, were investigeted based on laboratory test. For this purpose, authors used chip seal bonding test. Chip seal bonding test is developed recently... 

Studies have shown that use of crumb rubber additive can improve the mechanical and performance properties of hot mix asphalts. Nowadays, different methods are used for adding crumb rubber to asphalt mixtures. However, no comprehensive research has been done to investigate the effects of these different methods in cold mix asphalts. In this research, different crumb rubber modification methods were evaluated to compare their effects on cold mix asphalts’ performance. In this regard, various crumb rubber modification methods, such as pre blending crumb rubber into the asphalt before emulsification, post blending crumb rubber into the prepared asphalt emulsion and blending crumb rubber with... 

Cracks or construction joints in an overlayed pavement can propagate into the overlay over time due to various factors, the most important of which are traffic and temperature loading, and cause premature failure of pavement. This propagated cracks are called reflective cracks and the phenomenon of crack propagation into the overlay is called reflective cracking. Use of stress-absorbing membrane interlayers (SAMI) is one of the ways can reduce the occurrence of reflective cracking and/or delay it. One of the most common SAMIs is an asphalt mixture consists of bitumen and aggregate layed down between the old and the veneer layers. The function of the SAMI depends on several factors such as... 

One of the major challenges in construction of rubber modified asphalt mixtures is determination of mixing and compaction temperature (MCT). In order to estimate MCT according to Superpave volumetric mix design procedure, a temperature-viscosity relationship for the binder should be developed using ASTM D2493. This approach provides reasonable temperatures for unmodified binders which are Newtonian fluids at high temperatures and their viscosity is independent of shear rate. However, this method often yields excessively high temperatures for modified binders which exhibit non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior. The reason is that viscosity of modified binders depend on not only temperature but... 

Recycled materials have been very much taken into consideration in recent years due to economic issues and the preservation of natural resources. Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is also of particular importance due to less energy use in construction and environmental compatibility. This study examines the compressive workability and resistance to low temperature crackings of warm mixt asphalt containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (up to 30% by weight of aggregate). Sasobit was used as an organic additive in 1.5% by weight of bitumen in warm mix asphalt. Two additives of crumb rubber modifiers (9, 15 and 18% by weight of bitumen) and hydrated lime (1.5 and 2% by weight of aggregate) were also used to... 

Increased environmental concerns and high oil prices have encouraged highway agencies to maximize the use of recycled materials like Reclaimed Asphalt Pavements (RAP) in pavement construction. However, utilization of RAP has limited to low percentage, generally less than 25%. This is due aged, stiffer, and less strain tolerant asphalt binder in RAP. As the RAP proportion increases, a large amount of the aged binder will be introduced into the mixture. The excessive stiffness of HMA mixture tends to lead to less workable mixture. Studies were conducted to examine the effect of Sasobit on the workablility of high RAP mixtures. The results indicated while the utilization of Sasobit had improved... 

The research shows that the compressive strength of concrete reduced by replacing crumb rubber in concrete mix design compared to normal concrete mix design. However, there have been a couple of utilizations investigated to date for the structural utilization of these materials. Crumb rubber is usually provided from recycled rubber from automotive and truck scrap tires. During the recycling process steel and triviality are removed, leaving tire rubber with a granulose cohesiveness. The additional crumb-rubber aggregate has a significant effect on concrete mix porosity which affects both the plastic state workability and hardened state mechanical properties. This research depicts an... 

Fatigue cracking has a major impact on the performance of flexible pavements. Many test methods have been established to evaluate and estimate the fatigue life of asphaltic materials. Most of these test methods cannot successfully examine the fatigue properties of asphaltic materials. Recent studies demonstrate that using a standardized composite, which consists of glass beads and asphalt binder, can simulate the stress states that binder experiences in the field. This research used standardized composite to investigate the effect of crumb rubber on the fracture properties of asphaltic materials. To validate the test results, the authors conducted fracture tests on the Fine Aggregate Matrix... 

Cracking is one of the most important distresses in RAP mixtures. One of the common approaches to remedy this problem is to use crumb rubber (CR) and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) for binder modification. Over time, many asphalt pavements containing modified binders reach the end of their service lives and need to be overlaid.This study evaluated the effects of binder modification and aging on the cracking performance of asphalt mixtures. Two long-term aging levels (placing the loose mixture in an oven for 3 or 6 days at 95 degrees Celsius) were considered for investigating the effects of aging on the cracking performance of asphalt mixtures and producing laboratory-prepared artificial...