Sharif Digital Repository

Due to the deregulation and restructuring in many countries, it is expected that amount of small-scale generations connected to the distribution networks increase. So it is necessary that impact of these kinds ofgenerators on VoltNar control would be investigated. This paper presents a new approach for VoltNar control in distribution system with Distributed Generation (DG) and it has shown that DG can improve the entire performance of network, by means of better controlling of the system and decreasing losses in network. In this approach Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been used as the optimization method where the amount of Dispersed Generation and its controlling parameters, Voltage regulators... 

In this paper, a multi-agent framework is proposed to address the expansion planning problem in a restructured active distribution network. In this framework, the objective and techno-economic constraints of participating agents are addressed in the expansion planning of power network and DER assets as well as the network and DERs optimal operation management. The agents include distributed generator owners and load aggregators which participate along with the distribution network operator (DNO) in the active distribution network planning. The proposed framework is formulated as a bi-level optimization problem with multi-lower levels in which the DNO optimizes the network expansion planning... 

In the past decade, distribution network operators have been broadly engrossed toward automated distribution networks. The operators acknowledge network automation as an efficient investment toward a better service reliability. This paper aims to provide a new long-term cost/benefit analysis for an optimal level of distribution network automation. In the analysis, reduction in customer outage cost is considered as the benefit of implementing automation systems with capital investment, and annual operation and maintenance costs. In the Finnish regulation model, there is a special incentive based on customer outage cost reduction. As the main contribution of this paper, the impact of earth... 

Long-term distribution network planning (DNP) is considered as one of the most challenging issues for distribution network operators (DNOs). By increasing EVs in cities, it has appeared some new players such as electric vehicles (EVs) owners and electric vehicle parking lots (EVPLs) owners for DNP. In this article, we conduct a new study on the coupled dynamic expansion problem of EVPLs placement and distribution networks. To reach this goal, at first, EVs driving and charging/discharging behavior as some influential factors is modeled using an efficient probabilistic algorithm. An analytical model is then introduced to estimate the number of EVs in EVPLs at different times. To find out the... 

Demand response enabled by time-varying prices can propel the power industry toward a greater efficiency. However, a noncoordinated response of customers may lead to severe peak rebounds at periods with lower prices. In this regard, a coordinated demand response scheme can mitigate concerns about the peak rebounds. This paper presents a system-wide demand response management model to coordinate demand response provided by residential customers. The objective of the model is to flatten the total load profile that is subject to minimum individual cost of customers. The model is first formulated as a bi-level optimization problem. It is then casted into equivalent single-level problems, which... 

The problem of distributed generation (DG) optimization in distribution systems has normally been assessed by assuming a constant power (real and reactive) load model. Such assumptions may lead to inconsistent and misleading results about loss reduction, DG optimization and other subsequent calculations. In this paper, the effect of different types of demand, e.g. industrial, residential and commercial, and its time varying effects on distribution networks is investigated. Customer demand type is defined by the load model that is voltage dependent and the load patterns from real life hourly demand data. The study shows that by defining the energy loss minimization as the objective function,... 

There are a lot of parameters which are decisive in distribution loss management, such as demand value, energy price, etc. In this paper the cause-and-effect relationships among some of these variables are clearly described. The study demonstrates how a variable in the model will change, if an alteration in one of the other variables occurs. The power system variables considered in this study include energy and loss prices, generation and demand values, distribution loss, distribution system age, number of customers connected to the smart grid, distribution network revenue, and so forth. The smart grid impacts can be studied from two different aspects: 1) the communication infrastructure... 

This chapter presents the optimal switch deployment in distribution systems. First, an explanation regarding different types of switches and their functionality is introduced. Then, a fundamental description of fault management procedure in distribution networks is presented. Thereafter, the mathematical formulation of optimal fault management process is described. Optimal switch deployment problem is formulated in the format of mixed integer programming (MIP). The impact of remote controlled switch (RCS) and manual switch (MS) is scrutinized on the interruption cost once they are installed either individually or simultaneously. The concept of switch malfunctions is explained and the... 

Natural Gas Distribution Networks (NGDNs) are complex infrastructure systems that play an essential role in ensuring the welfare and prosperity of many communities by serving their residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors. Earthquakes can damage the critical components of NGDNs and disrupt their services. The disruption of NGDN services can lead to significant economic and social losses. These losses can be mitigated by adopting appropriate resilience enhancement measures. This study puts forward a probabilistic framework to quantify the seismic resilience of NGDNs. This framework comprises multiple interconnected probabilistic models that work in harmony to... 

Distribution system operators that seek operational excellence are supposed to design and implement capable processes throughout their value stream and assess how well their real services match the design specifications. Process capability analysis is a critical stage in systematic and sophisticated quality engineering approaches such as six sigma, which are based on quantitative studies. The capability of a distribution network to maintain the power quality and voltage level within an acceptable range is one of the most important aspects of design and utilisation of electricity distribution network. Capability analysis has been successfully used in the previous studies to assess the quality... 

Fault indicator (FI) plays a crucial rule in enhancing service reliability in distribution systems. This device brings substantial benefits for fault management procedure by speeding up fault location procedure. This paper intends to develop a new optimization model to optimally deploy FI in distribution systems. The proposed model aims to consider a tradeoff between the total customer interruption cost and FI relevant costs, including capital investment, installation, and maintenance costs. As the main contribution of this paper, the problem is formulated in mixed integer programing, which guarantees global optimum solution achieved in an effective runtime. Moreover, the model takes... 

Electrification involves many activities that have detrimental impacts on environment. Over the last few years, many studies have been conducted to understand, estimate and mitigate the carbon footprint of electricity distribution but other environmental aspects of electrification remain almost neglected. In recent years, electricity distribution companies have adopted many waste management techniques to reduce the amount of waste generated in their key processes. However, the causes of waste and the necessary corrective actions to alleviate the waste generation in electricity distribution have not been studies in an integrated framework. In current study, which was conducted to fill this... 

A widely dispersed asset, electric grid has enormous impacts on people’s lives. Recently occurred various high-impact low-probability (HILP) threats have raised the concerns about the classical reliability-oriented view. Therefore, withstanding unexpected and less frequent severe situations still remain a significant challenge. As a critical infrastructure (CI), power systems are more and more expected to be resilient to HILPs. So, utilities put their endeavours to harden enough their networks against HILPs. In this regard, there is a great need to a methodology able to optimise the hardening programme investments. This scheme could potentially save a large amount of money, as well as... 

In the past decade, distribution network operators have been broadly engrossed toward automated distribution networks. The operators acknowledge network automation as an efficient investment toward a better service reliability. This paper aims to provide a new long-term cost/benefit analysis for an optimal level of distribution network automation. In the analysis, reduction in customer outage cost is considered as the benefit of implementing automation systems with capital investment, and annual operation and maintenance costs. In the Finnish regulation model, there is a special incentive based on customer outage cost reduction. As the main contribution of this paper, the impact of earth... 

A widely dispersed asset, electric grid has enormous impacts on people’s lives. Recently occurred various high-impact low-probability (HILP) threats have raised the concerns about the classical reliability-oriented view. Therefore, withstanding unexpected and less frequent severe situations still remain a significant challenge. As a critical infrastructure (CI), power systems are more and more expected to be resilient to HILPs. So, utilities put their endeavours to harden enough their networks against HILPs. In this regard, there is a great need to a methodology able to optimise the hardening programme investments. This scheme could potentially save a large amount of money, as well as... 

Joint multistage expansion planning of active distribution network (ADN) is well investigated in this paper. This expansion model considers the effects of optimal operating conditions in the planning studies. In the proposed model, for each planning time stage, several operating scenarios are defined based on operational status of the network. The utilization of distributed energy resources (DERs) around the network is determined for each operating scenario through active management of these resources. In the planning level, investment in distribution network assets including feeders, substations, and distributed generations (DGs) incorporating conventional gas turbines and renewable wind...