Sharif Digital Repository

Nowadays Lab-on-a-chip systems are being widely used in medical applications, especially in analyzing minute volumes of blood for diagnosis and treatment of some crucial diaseses like diabetic. A Lab-on-a-chip is comprised of a variety of components such as micromixer, microdispenser, detection and separation units and so on. In this thesis, however, we have analyzed and numerically simulated a microdispenser which is electrokinetically driven. In other words, electrical potentials are applied to electrodes in order to conduct two fluids within a cross microchannel, and distribution of a sample fluid takes place due to appropriately applied potentials. In order to analyze and simulate the... 

Most available methods which are well able to improve or dewater coarse soils have little success dealing with fine soils and clays and using these methods to dewater clays needs great amount of time and money. Electrokinetic Geosynthetic is one of new methods that have had a promising future. Regarding the importance and tremendous usage of dewatering in fine soils, the efficiency of electrokinetic geosynthetic method in dewatering fine soils has been taken under the consideration in this research. Following laboratory experimentation, numerical modeling of this process has been done. In this research some laboratory test has been done on kaolinite clay and the effects of pH of specimen,... 

Lab-on-a-chip devices have gained a lot of attention in chemical and biomedical analyses during the past two decades. These devices employ microfluidics basics and fundamentals to combine multifold laboratory processes in one single portable chip. The electric field has been often used in most microfluidics applications for the ease of sample control as well as become easily integrated to other chip components. Instabilities in microflows would occur when two fluids of different electric properties are exposed to an adequately strong electric field. Studying these electrokinetic instabilities is not only important for the fundamental studies but also for practical applications in micromixers... 

Most of the current literature on the simulation of the electro-osmotic flow in micro-channels decompose electric potential to two components; internal and external potentials. They usually approximate the near wall changes in the ion concentration (called double layer) which is physically responsible for electro-osmotic force by a model (like Poisson equilibrium distribution or Debye-Huckel approximation). There are reports in the literature which show that the approximations lose their fidelity for more complex situations. In this thesis we solve the full system of Nernst-Planck and Navier-Stokes equations by resolving electric double layer. The proposed... 

Additional to Temperature, Pressure and Compositional changes of crude oils, Electro-kinetics and Electrical potential effects are also known as the most influencing parameters on Asphaltene deposition during oil production and processing.Mechanisms of electro-kinetics and asphaltene charge generation are very complex and unclear. In the previous studies on asphaltene precipitation and deposition, mostly electro-kinetics effects are ignored.While, recent studies show the great effects of electrical filed on asphaltene deposition during production and processing phase of crude oils.At reservoir porous medium and crude flow line, an electrical field can be developed along the length of the... 

The “Lab-on-a-Chip” is a micro-scale device which uses fluids as working medium and can handle number of functions such as sample preparation and transfer, separation, bio-sensing and detection. One of the important parts of these devices is micro-mixer, that should blend two fluid species in a short time with desirable mixing quality. Micro-mixers are classified as passive and active. By considering the micro-scale of mixers, turbulence phenomena cannot occur due to dominance of viscous forces, therefore the mixing only depends on molecular diffusion. This thesis consists of two main parts, in the first part algebraic multigrid has been studied and implemented in Rayan (in-house CFD code).... 

A Lab-On-A-Chip is a micro-scale system whic h utilizes some micro-scale components in order to implement detection tests on samples. One of the most important components of a lab-on-a-chip device is the micro-mixer, which is responsible for appropriately mixing of samples in a short period of time. The biggest problem relevant to mixing in micro scales is that since as the viscous forces are dominant in micro scale and dimensions are small, it is impractical to mix fluids via turbulence, and consequently mixing process is performed by diffusion mechanism. Two major strategies are being used in order to improve the mixing performance and two groups of micro-mixers, passive and active types,... 

Lab-On-A-Chip is a micro-scale system which utilizes specific tools in order to operate detection tests on samples. One of the most important components of these devices is micromixers which is responsible for appropriate mixing of samples in short period of time. The biggest problem associated to the mixing in micro-scale is the regime that the flow takes during the process. Due to the small dimensions of micromixers the induced flow stream resides in the range of laminar flows and consequently the mixing is conducted solely by diffusion mechanism which is either time-taking or requires long micro-channel that causes the high cost of fabrication. In order to improve the mixing process two... 

In recent decades, significant advances have been made in the manufacturing of micro/-nanofluidic equipment that can reduce the cost of conducting electrochemical experiments and increase the accuracy, speed, and control of these experiments. In this regard, by installing micro/nano-networks on laboratories on a chip, the above objectives have been made possible. Due to the increase in surface-to-volume with decreasing of size of devices, important surface phenomena such as electrokinetics may reach a special place to control the micro/nanoflow. On the other hand, since each of the materials used in the construction of the above equipment reveals a special property in contact with different... 

Loess as a kind of collapsible soils is a well-known Aeolian deposit, which is characterized by some specific Engineering properties including high initial void ratio, relatively low initial density and water content and high percentage of fine-grained particles. Collapsible soils such as loess, sustain large stress under dry condition. However, they experience a high and sudden decrease in their volume by reaching to their critical moisture content. As a result, their natural condition is not suitable for construction works if the possibility of the exposure of the soil to excessive water is present. This research presents the utilization of an innovative method for stabilization and... 

Conical nanochannels have desirable electrokinetic properties due to asymmetry,including ionic current rectification and ion selectivity. The present study numerically addressed the effect of slip length on the ionic current rectification and ion selectivity in conical-shaped electrolyte-loaded nanochannels with and without a coated polyelectrolyte layer. The electrolyte was considered a salted incompressible Newtonian fluid. The polyelectrolyte layer was also modeled as a rigid and charged porous solid saturated with a salted Newtonian fluid. The electrolyte-polyelectrolyte layer interface was modeled as a surface, considering ion partitioning with distinct physical properties across the...