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Recycling of Cobalt with the form of Cobalt Nano Oxide from Spent Li-ion Batteries
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Askari, Masoud (Supervisor)
Abstract
One of the most important methods for recycling of spent Li-ion batteries is acid leaching that various parameters affect it. In this work, influences of effective parameters on the percent of cobalt and lithium recovery with application of design of experiments (response surface methodology-central composite) were investigated and then cobalt nano oxide as the by-product synthesized by pulsing lectrolysis. In the first Phase, effects of parameters such as sulfuric acid oncentration: 2-6 molar, hydrogen peroxide volume percent: 5-10%, S/L ratio: 20-50 g/L and temperature: 50-80°C on cobalt and lithium recovery were investigated and finally an adequate model presented. For all experiments,...
Lithium Isotopes Separation by Amalgam Electrolysis Method
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Outokesh, Mohammad (Supervisor) ; Ahmadi, Javad (Supervisor)
Abstract
Lithium has two stable isotopes naturally including 6Li at 7.5% and 7Li at 92.5% relative abundance. In spite of the similarities of lithium isotopes in common chemical reactions, they have some completely distinctive behaviors in nuclear reactions. 6Li has considerable neutron cross section capturing in thermal neutron range about 945 barns while this feature for 7Li is insignificant about 0.037 barns. This difference makes them to play different roles in nuclear uses. 7LiOH is applied for pH adjustment of coolant in light water reactors. 6Li is not only used as a shielding material against thermal neutrons, but also is known as a source of tritium in the blanket of fusion reactors which...
Investigation of Microbial Electrolysis Cell Using Wastewater from Food Industries
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Alemzadeh, Iran (Supervisor) ; Kariminia, Hamid Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Using microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) for hydrogen production has been considered in recent years. So far, synthetic wastewaters containing substances such as glucose and acetate have been mainly used in MECs and industrial wastewaters have not been widely studied. Food industry wastewater is a suitable choice for application in microbial electrolysis cell due to its biodegradable materials. In present research, dairy wastewater and sludge collected from UASB reactor of Iran Dairy Industries company, Tehran were initially used in a dual chamber microbial fuel cell until a stable voltage was generated .Afterward, the system was converted to a MEC applying a predetermined voltage. The...
Simultaneously energy production and dairy wastewater treatment using bioelectrochemical cells: In different environmental and hydrodynamic modes
, Article Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ; 2017 ; 10049541 (ISSN) ; Yaghmaei, S ; Mardanpour, M. M ; Ghasemi Naraghi, Z ; Sharif University of Technology
Chemical Industry Press
2017
Abstract
A successful design, previously adapted for treatment of complex wastewaters in a microbial fuel cell (MFC), was used to fabricate two MFCs, with a few changes for cost reduction and ease of construction. Performance and electrochemical characteristics of MFCs were evaluated in different environmental conditions (in complete darkness and presence of light), and different flow patterns of batch and continuous in four hydraulic retention times from 8 to 30h. Changes in chemical oxygen demand, and nitrate and phosphate concentrations were evaluated. In contrast to the microbial fuel cell operated in darkness (D-MFC) with a stable open circuit voltage of 700mV, presence of light led to growth of...
Lithium Isotopes Separation by Electrolysis Amalgam by a Continuous Method
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Outokesh, Mohammad (Supervisor) ; Ahmadi, Javad (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Lithium has 9 isotopes which two isotopes are stable and remaining isotopes are unstable and have half-life. Lithium stable isotopes include 6Li and 7Li that their abundance is 7.53% and 92.47% respectively. Importance of lighter lithium isotope appears for its small cross section against thermal neutron and producing fusion reactors fuel in nuclear industries. Thermal neutron absorption cross section for 6Li and 7Li are 950 barn and 37 mbarn respectively. Interesting of these isotopes in nuclear industry is due to the large difference in the absorption cross section.6Li compounds implied for tritium producing in coat of nuclear fusion reactor with DT fuel. Following tritium is used in...
Investigating Different Methods of Coating the Polyaniline on Anode Electrode and its Effect on Microbial Fuel Cell Performance
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Yaghmaei, Soheila (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this research, different methods of coating polyaniline on the anode electrode and its performance in a microbial fuel cell, and a chemical method for making polyaniline / graphene catalyst on a cathode electrode and its performance in microbial electrolysis cell electrode were investigated. There are two main goals in this study. First, the production of polyaniline and the comparison of the surface morphology of this fiber with other forms of polyaniline on the surface of the electrode and its effect on the performance of the microbial fuel cell and the second, the production of polyaniline / graphene catalyst in the cathode electrode and its comparison with the platinum catalyst in the...
Produced Water Treatment with Simultaneous Bioenergy Production Using Novel Bioelectrochemical Systems
, Article Electrochimica Acta ; Volume 180 , 2015 , Pages 535-544 ; 00134686 (ISSN) ; Yaghmaei, S ; Mardanpour, M. M ; Hasany, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
The present study investigated the biological treatment of produced water in a microbial electrochemical cell (MXC). The main objectives were to develop a novel spiral microbial electrochemical cell (SMXC) and test its performance for produced water treatment under highly saline conditions (salinity > 200000 ppm). The bioelectrochemical performance of the system was also evaluated in terms of power and hydrogen production over time. The comparatively inexpensive material and ease of application increased the feasibility of the SMXC configuration for produced water treatment. Optimal SMXC performance as a microbial fuel cell was achieved at a maximum open circuit potential of 330 mV, maximum...
A generalized model for complex wastewater treatment with simultaneous bioenergy production using the microbial electrochemical cell
, Article Electrochimica Acta ; Volume 167 , 2015 , Pages 84-96 ; 00134686 (ISSN) ; Mardanpour, M. M ; Yaghmaei, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
The objective of this study was to construct a novel model to be applied in a general manner to simulate microbial electrochemical cells (MXCs); for both microbial fuel cell (MFC) and microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). The liquid bulk was modeled based on the organic matters degradation to acetate via the anaerobic digestion process. Biofilm simulation was established based upon one-dimensional distribution and the dynamical electron transfer was completed by means of the conduction-based mechanism. We, for the first time, introduced biofilm local potential modeling for MEC simulation with general and simplified linear boundary conditions. The MFC-related part of the model was evaluated...
A liquid film motor
, Article Microfluidics and Nanofluidics ; Volume 6, Issue 5 , 2009 , Pages 711-715 ; 16134982 (ISSN) ; Shirsavar, R ; Hamedani Radja, N ; Ejtehadi, M. R ; Sharif University of Technology
2009
Abstract
It is well known that electro-hydrodynamical effects in freely suspended liquid films can force liquids to flow. Here, we report a purely electrically driven rotation in water and some other liquid suspended films with full control on the velocity and the chirality of the rotating vortices. The device, which is called "film motor", consists of a quasi two-dimensional electrolysis cell in an external in-plane electric field, crossing the mean electrolysis current density. If either the external field or the electrolysis voltage exceeds some threshold (while the other does not vanish), the liquid film begins to rotate. The device works perfectly with both DC and AC fields. © Springer-Verlag...
Hydrogen production performance of a photovoltaic thermal system coupled with a proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell
, Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; 2021 ; 03603199 (ISSN) ; Hakkaki Fard, A ; Jalalidil, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
As one of the cleanest energies, hydrogen has attracted much attention over the past decade. Hydrogen can be produced using water electrolysis in a Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Cell (PEMEC). In the present study, the performance of the PEMEC, powered by the Photovoltaic-Thermal (PVT) system, is scrutinized. It is considered that the PVT system provides the required electrical power of the PEMEC and preheats the feedwater. A comprehensive numerical model of the coupled PVT-PEMEC system is developed. The model is used to investigate the effect of various operating parameters, including solar radiation intensity, inlet feedwater temperature, and feedwater mass flow rate, on the...
Experimental Investigation of Bio-hydrogen and Bio-electricity Production in an Annular Single-chamber Microbial Fuel-cell By Produced Waste Water Treatment
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Yaghmaei, Soheyla (Supervisor)
Abstract
This study works on the novel researchment about produced waste water treatment in an annular single-chamber microbial fuel cell.This configuration has a spiral anode which increase available surface for microorganismes.In this study two main goals are followed;first Bio-eletricity production in a microbial fuell cell and second Bio-hydrogen production in a microbial electrolysis cell. In bio-electricity production effect of two parameters were considered;effect of light and substrate concentration .Two systems were used in this research;one of them was exposed to the light and another was out of reach of any light.Results show that darkness has better effect on the cell’s performance...
Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Bioelectrochemical Processes in Microfluidic Systems
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Yaghmaei, Soheila (Supervisor)
Abstract
The first attempt of this study was theoretical and experimental investigations of bioelectrochemical processes in microfluidic systems. Besides, novel applications of this technology as a powerful platform for maximum usage of bioenergy were introduced. The feasibility of a microfluidic microbial fuel cell (MFC) as an efficient power generator for production of bioelectricity for implantable medical devices (IMDs) and fabrication of microfluidic microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) for hydrogen medicine were investigated. For the glucose-fed microfluidic MFC, the maximum power density of 5.2 µW cm-2 obtained in this study is 13 fold greater than the power density reported previously for...
Study on Momentary and Overall Separation Factors in Lithium Isotopes Separation by Batch Electrolysis
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Otukesh, Mohammad (Supervisor) ; Ahmadi, Javad (Supervisor) ; Kowsari, Mohammad Reza ($item.subfieldsMap.e)
Abstract
Lithium has two stable isotopes, 6Li and 7Li. Abundance of these isotopes are 7.53% and 92.43% respectively. Each isotope has an important role in nuclear industry. For example, 6Li compounds is used in production of tritium in nuclear fusion reactors coated with DT fuel and as fuel in nuclear fusion reactors that operate with laser inertial confinement method applied. 7LiOH is used to adjust the pH of the fluid coolant in light water reactors and also in Breeding Reactors. Lithium isotope separation in different ways so far been brought into operation. The other aspect to this work, it can be both continuous and batch for action. Lithium isotopes for the first time by electrolysis using...
Investigation of Effective Parameters on Performance of Microfluidic Microbial Fuel Cell–Microbial Electrolysis Cell Coupled System
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Bastani, Dariush (Supervisor) ; Yaghmaei, Soheila (Supervisor) ; Mardanpour, Mohammad Mahdi (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
This study presents the experimental investigation of the microfluidic microbial fuel cell – microbial electrolysis cell coupled system as a bioenergy generator to produce biohydrogen without any external power supply. The effect of microbial fuel cells number (to provide the required potential for microbial electrolysis cell), the type of substrate and its concentration were assessed. The maximum produced hydrogen of 25, 33 and 50 ppm were obtained in flow rate of 200 μl h-1 and glucose concentration of 200 mg l-1 in 1, 2 and 3 stack MFCs, respectively. For urea solution, by combination of 1, 2 and 3 stack MFCs in the flow rate of 200 μl h-1 and the concentration of 800 mg l-1, the maximum...
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Kariminia, Hamid Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Microbial Electrolysis is a new method for producing Biohydrogen from oxidation of organic materials by microorganisms. Generally, this process is depended on two different kinds of energy source containing Organic Material Oxidation by bacteria and Electricity. In this specific study, landfill leachate, extracted from ARADKOOH Tehran Iran was used as a carbon source and effective parameters in Microbial Electrolysis Cell were scrutinized for increasing the hydrogen production and efficiency of COD removal in wastewater. Two H-type rectors with 300 ml of volume in each side were used during the experiments. Various amount of voltages started with 0.4 (V), were tested in the system and it was...
Theoretical Investigation of Coupled Microbial Electrochemical Cells in Micro-Sized Systems and Assessment of Biohydrogen Generation
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Yaghmaei, Soheila (Supervisor) ; Mardanpour, Mohammad Mahdi (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
Due to the importance of hydrogen production for its applications in therapy, this research reports the fabrication of a coupled microfluidic microbial electrochemical cell, including microfluidic microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and a microfluidic microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) series in order to perform it as a selfpowered bioenergy generator to produce biohydrogen with no need for an external power source. The designed went goes through a validation process that relied on experimental results of a coupled system in glucose degradation. By determining the governing equations of the system and simulating its behavior in various conditions, the effect of operational factors on the system...
Aluminum Production by Alumina Electrolysis Method with Using Inconel 617 Inert Anode
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Halali, Mohammad (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this study, the performance of Inconel 617 anode as an inert anode in aluminum electrolysis process was studied. To carry out the research, first, an electrolyte was produced using NaF, KF, AlF3 and Al2O3 with a molar ratio of sodium and potassium fluoride to aluminum fluoride of 1.33. Next, aluminum electrolysis cell was made using Inconel 617 anode and cathode and the aforementioned electrolyte. To evaluate the Inconel 617 anode, the performance of the electrolysis cell in different conditions of temperature, anode-cathode distance, and excess potential was investigated in a period of one hour. Using anode mass measurements, cell potential and current density and scanning electron...
Effect of Selected Promotors on the Electrocatalytic Performance in Oxygen Evolution Reaction
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghotbi, Cyrus (Supervisor) ; Larimi, Afsaneh Sadat (Supervisor)
Abstract
During the last few decades, efforts have been made to replace fossil fuels with clean and non-absorbent energy sources. One of the promising strategies is energy production by hydrogen storage using water splitting. For this purpose, different methods of using light, heat and electricity are provided. Electrolysis of water with a simple environment such as very high purity of hydrogen produced, controllable, device, no need for high temperature and pressure in the reactor and huge potential for industrial applications has been very much considered. Water electrolysis consists of two reactions: reduction of water to hydrogen (HER) and oxidation of water to oxygen (OER). The second reaction...
Introducing an affordable catalyst for biohydrogen production in microbial electrolysis cells
, Article Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering ; Volume 129, Issue 1 , 2020 , Pages 67-76 ; Yaghmaei, S ; Abdi, K ; Mardanpour, M. M ; Haddadi, S. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2020
Abstract
This study reports the fabrication of a new cathode electrode assembly using polyaniline (PANI) and graphene on a stainless steel mesh (SSM) as an alternative for the conventional expensive cathode of microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). With respect to the previous efforts to propose an efficient and cost-effective alternative for platinum (Pt) catalysts and cathode electrodes, the present study investigates the assessment of different catalysts to elucidate the potential of the modified SSM cathode electrode for larger-scale MECs. In the case of feeding dairy wastewater to the MEC, the maximum hydrogen production rate and COD removal were obtained by SSM/PANI/graphene cathode and had the...
Biocatalysts in microbial electrolysis cells: A review
, Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; Volume 41, Issue 3 , 2016 , Pages 1477-1493 ; 03603199 (ISSN) ; Mardanpour, M. M ; Yaghmaei, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
Abstract
Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) are bioelectrochemical reactors in which chemical energy stored in organic compounds are converted to hydrogen through biocatalytic oxidation by microorganisms. The performance of MECs is highly affected by microbial communities that are impartible parts of this technology. A better understanding of microbial interactions and competitions mechanisms, has aided the comprehension of ideas and guidelines for cost effective commercial scales design. In this study, a comprehensive review of current knowledge in the microbial characterization, enrichment, and evaluation of effective parameters of microbial community in microbial electrolysis cells for typical...