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synergistic toughening in ternary silica/hollow glass spheres/epoxy nanocomposites
, Article Polymer - Plastics Technology and Engineering ; Volume 54, Issue 6 , 2015 , Pages 581-593 ; 03602559 (ISSN) ; Bagheri, R ; Kouchakzadeh, M. A ; Abadyan, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Inc
2015
Abstract
Herein, the fracture toughness of ternary epoxy systems containing nanosilica and hollow glass microspheres (HGMS) is investigated. The experimental measurements reveal synergistic fracture toughness in some hybrid compositions: The incorporation of 10 phr of HGMS and nanosilica alone modify the fracture toughness of epoxy by 39% and 91%, respectively. However, use of 10 phr hybrid modifier can enhance the fracture toughness of the resin up to 120%. Observations reveal different toughening mechanisms for the blends i.e., plastic deformation for silica nanoparticles and crack bifurcation for HGMS. Both of these toughening mechanisms additively contribute to the synergism in ternary epoxies
Fracture toughness of a hybrid-rubber-modified epoxy. I. Synergistic toughening
, Article Journal of Applied Polymer Science ; Volume 125, Issue 3 , January , 2012 , Pages 2467-2475 ; 00218995 (ISSN) ; Bagheri, R ; Kouchakzadeh, M. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Wiley
2012
Abstract
The fracture behavior of a hybrid-rubber-modified epoxy system was investigated. The modified epoxy included amine-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (ATBN) rubber and recycled tire particles as fine and coarse modifiers, respectively. The results of the fracture toughness (K IC) measurement of the blends revealed synergistic toughening in the hybrid system when 7.5-phr small particles (ATBN) and 2.5-phr large particles (recycled tire) were incorporated. Transmission optical micrographs showed different toughening mechanisms for the blends; fine ATBN particles increased the toughness by increasing the size of the damage zone and respective plastic deformation in the vicinity of the crack...