Sharif Digital Repository

Failure due to fatigue loading is one of the main reasons for the wear out of parts in the industry. Prevention of failure and improving the fatigue life of materials have been studied by many researchers. Desirable compressive residual stress have important effect on improving the lifetime of materials. Laser peenning leads to increase fatigue life of metals by creating compressive residual stress at the surface of the pieces.This study investigates the effect of different laser coverage areas on residual stresses using finite element method and also investigates the fatigue crack growth experimentally.Simulation results show that increasing the laser peening rows impart the residual... 

Metallurgical initial defects, stress concentration due to change in geometry and induced tensile residual stress during welding create an extraordinary high possibility of fatigue cracks nucleation and propagation in the weld toe region. Despite this, the ever increasing use of welding in offshore, aerospace and automotive industries, as the most applied mechanical joint, has occasioned a very extensive attempt to achieve an in-depth understanding of failure mechanisms and fatigue life improvement techniques of welded joints. Generally, these techniques could be classified into two broad categories. The first consists of methods that modify the geometry and the other is related to the... 

Fatigue life and crack growth retardation due to periodic tensile overload that superposed on constant amplitude cycles has been investigated. The tests were performed using C(T) specimens made of 7075 aluminium. All periodic overload tests were carried out at the same spacing between overloads and the effect of overload ratio on fatigue life has been investigated. Results of experiments revealed that the at low and high overload ratios, crack growth rate is relatively high and there is an optimum OLR that maximize interaction and thus minimize FCGR. Whit OCR-1=50, overload ratio of 1.85 led to maximum interaction and resulted in 219% increase in specimen's life relative to CA loading. Also... 

One of the most important issues in welding is residual stresses. It is desirable to produce less residual stresses when possible and to reduce them which remain in the structure. At the present, various methods have been developed to reduce the residual stresses. The most important methods are heat treatment, shot peening, and grinding. The main problem in using these methods is cost, and for large structures these methods are often impractical. In recent decades, a technique called vibratory stress relief has been developed. It is used for large structures without limitation of size and weight; besides, the cost of this process is much less in comparison with other conventional methods... 

Most engineering components must be manufactured so they are safe to use and are ‘‘fit for purpose’’. However despite all the efforts, cracking of the engineering components is inevitable. Residual stresses play an important role in either increasing or decreasing the possibility of failure. For instance, enhancement in apparent toughness following pre-loading arises principally because of the creation of local crack tip compressive residual stresses. Introducing compressive residual stresses can also slow the fatigue crack growth. Yet, the dilemma is choosing an efficient method growth to introduce such stresses for retardation of fatigue crack growth. There are many methods available in... 

Processing an alloy can enhance its mechanical properties. Based on repeated radiation of high-power pulsed laser beam, laser shock peening (LSP) is one way to impart favorable residual stress in an alloy and to enhance its damage tolerance property. Study of overlapping LSP is possible through the simulation of limited laser shots. Still, its computational cost is higher than that of a single shot. This research, primarily, is aimed at improving a methodology for reduction of computations in the study of an overlapping LSP and its impacts on fatigue crack growth. Addressing research gaps by utilizing the methodology is the secondary goal. The methodology consists of plastic strain... 

The first project ,paid to review and analysis types of crack and agents Also, was referred methods to control them in rail industry .
The wheel of Alestom train and UIC60 rail were simulated and stress analysis by software FEM (ANSYS and ABAQUS) , and effect of various parameters such as applied forces , train wheel diameter , contact position and rail inclination on stress values was studied . For comparision of results has been used analytic Hertz theory .
By using experimental data on the subsurface crack , those cracks were created in the wheel . For load on the modeling wheel and rail, ,assuming contact on the wheel rolling point , were used vertical load of wagon weight ( with... 

In this research, the application of composite patch in the repair of pipes damaged by corrosion has been investigated. Numerical modeling, artificial neural network and Taguchi algorithm are used for this purpose. In the numerical modeling section, the accuracy of modeling performance has been verified by experimental results of other researchers. Then, the effect of various parameters such as depth and, angle of corroded area, fiber orientation in the composite patch and angle of composite patch have been investigated. The depth and the angle of the corroded area and the angle of orientation of the fiber have been shown to have a large effect on the growth life of fatigue cracks. For...