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Dissolved oxygen tension and shear stress as two very important factors in fungal fermentation were studied in the batch cultures of Aspergillus niger. The intention was to maximize the total activity of glucose oxidase produced in a 5-1 bench-top bioreactor. 300 rpm found to be optimum for enzyme production, however in higher mixing rates higher growth was achieved. The maximum activity of glucose oxidase was obtained in 1.5 vvm while the best aeration rate for growth was 2 vvm. Glucose oxidase with the activity of 548 U mL-1 was produced in 1.5 vvm and 300 rpm as the optimum conditions. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information  

Mobile phones are known as the most widely used electronic instruments, and an enormous number of discarded mobile phones are generated. The present work used a pure culture of Penicillium simplicissimum in a bubble column bioreactor to extract Cu and Ni from mobile phone printed circuit boards (MPPCBs) waste. Molasses was used as an efficient carbon source to enhance bioleaching efficiency and increase the cost benefits. The adaptation phase was done at Erlenmeyer flasks to reach 40 g/L of MPPCBs powder. The most significant parameters, including the mass of MPPCBs powder, aeration, molasses concentration, and their interaction, were optimized in order to leach the maximum possible Cu and... 

Adaptation of Penicillium simplicissimum with different heavy metals present in a spent hydrocracking catalyst, as well as one-step, two-step, and spent medium bioleaching of the spent catalyst by the adapted fungus, was examined in batch cultures. Adaptation experiments with the single metal ions Ni, Mo, Fe, and W showed that the fungus could tolerate up to 1500. mg/L Ni, 8000. mg/L Mo, 3000. mg/L Fe, and 8000. mg/L W. In the presence of multi-metals, the fungus was able to tolerate up to 300. mg/L Ni, 200. mg/L Mo, 150. mg/L Fe and 2500. mg/L W. A total of 3% (w/v) spent catalyst generally gave the maximum extraction yields in the two-step bioleaching process (100% of W, 100% of Fe, 92.7%...