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Numerical Simulation of Near-well Flow for Gas-condensate Reservoirs and Investigation of the Effect of Various Flow Parameters
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taghizade Manzari, Mehrdad (Supervisor)
Abstract
This thesis studies a gas condensate reservoir and considers the effect of different parameters. In this group of gas reservoirs, if the pressure drops below the dew point pressure, liquid phase appears. Appearing and disappearing of phases creates four regions in the reservoir. In the region far from the production well, pressure is still above the dew point pressure and vapor phase is present. By approaching production well, pressure drops below the dew point pressure and liquid phase starts to form but it is immobile. In closer regions to the well the liquid phase saturation grows and this phase becomes mobile. As a result, relative permeability of the vapor phase decreases sharply. In...
New modification on production data of gas condensate reservoirs for rate transient analysis
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Vol. 32, issue. 5 , Jan , 2014 , p. 543-554 ; ISSN: 10916466 ; Gerami, S ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Techniques of production data analysis for single-phase oil and gas reservoirs have advanced significantly over the past few years. These techniques range from traditional (i.e., Arps, 1945; Fetkovich, 1980) to modern methods that account for the variation of operating conditions at the wellbore. However, the application of these later methods to gas condensate reservoirs is a challenge. The authors aimed to extend the applicability of modern production data analysis (single-phase flow) to analyze the production data of a gas condensate reservoir (two-phase flow). A single-phase production model consists of (a) a material balance equation, (b) the solution of diffusivity equation for gas...
New modification on production data of gas condensate reservoirs for rate transient analysis
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Vol. 32, issue. 5 , 2014 , Pages 543-554 ; ISSN: 10916466 ; Gerami, S ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Techniques of production data analysis for single-phase oil and gas reservoirs have advanced significantly over the past few years. These techniques range from traditional (i.e., Arps, 1945; Fetkovich, 1980) to modern methods that account for the variation of operating conditions at the wellbore. However, the application of these later methods to gas condensate reservoirs is a challenge. The authors aimed to extend the applicability of modern production data analysis (single-phase flow) to analyze the production data of a gas condensate reservoir (two-phase flow). A single-phase production model consists of (a) a material balance equation, (b) the solution of diffusivity equation for gas...
Numerical Simulation of two Phase Flow Around Gas- Condensate Wells With Compositional Model
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taghizadeh Manzari, Mehrdad (Supervisor) ; Seif, Mohammad Saeid (Supervisor) ; Kazemzade Hannani, Siamak (Supervisor)
Abstract
If the reservoir temperature lies between the critical temperature and cricondentherm of the reservoir fluid, the reservoir is classified as a retrograde gas-condensate reservoir. When the pressure is decreased on these mixtures, instead of expanding or vaporizing as might be expected, they vaporize instead of condensing. If the reservoir pressure is above the upper dew-point pressure, the hydrocarbon system exists as a single phase in the reservoir (region 3). As the reservoir pressure declines isothermally during production from the initial pressure to the upper dew-point pressure, the attraction between the molecules of the light and heavy components move further apart. As this occurs,...
Optimization of Gas Recycling in a Gas-condensate Reservoir Using Genetic Algorithm Based on Proxy Model
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Goodarznia, Iraj (Supervisor) ; Masihi, Mohsen (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
In gas-condensate reservoirs, when pressure reduces to less than dew point pressure, condensate will form out of the gas phase. Gas recycling is one of the most common methods to enhance the production of gas-condensate reservoirs.The purpose of this thesis is to optimize gas recycling process in a gas condensate reservoir in order to produce the accumulated condesate in the reservoir and maximize reservoir economic efficiency.The parameters that need optimization are:
• Injection gas ratio
• Injection gas allocation amongst injection wells
• Bottomhole pressure of production wells
Genetic algorithm was considered as optimization method and Proxy model is used in order to...
• Injection gas ratio
• Injection gas allocation amongst injection wells
• Bottomhole pressure of production wells
Genetic algorithm was considered as optimization method and Proxy model is used in order to...
An Implicit Numerical Method for Simulation of Gas Production and Recycling in Gas-condensate Reservoirs Using a Two-phase Compositional Model
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taghizadeh Manzari, Mehrdad (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this project, a response of a single well in a gas condensate reservoir has been investigated by compositional modeling and implicit numerical method. The most significant goals of this paper are as follows: 1- Examination of the flow produced in a gas condensate reservoir in constant pressure or mass rate. 2- Investigation of variables affecting the productivity of reservoir. 3- The study of effect of injection and gas cycling to the well on the production. A three-zone model has been used in this study as if there is only gas phase in the third and second zones. Condensation occurs since the pressure drops below the dewpoint pressure in the second zone; however, gas phase is only...
Pressure Response Analysis of Naturally Fractured Condensate Reservoirs Regarding the Effect of Permeability Anisotropy
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Jamshidi, Saied (Supervisor) ; Masihi, Mohsen (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Producing from Gas Condensate Reservoirs under dew point pressure and at constant temperature may have a complex behavior because of existing two phase system and liquid around the well. Zones with different mobility generate as a zone away from the well containing only gas, a zone having liquid around the well and finally a zone with capillary effect. Existence of condensate around well reduces gas relative permeability and as a result productivity index of well decreases. In fact these condensate acts like an additional skin and because of some complex processes, investigating of these behaviors can be difficult.
Well testing analysis in Natural Fractured reservoir is generally based...
Well testing analysis in Natural Fractured reservoir is generally based...
Simulation of Retrograde Behavior of Hydrocarbons around the Production Wells in Gas-Condensate Reservoirs
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Pishvaie, Mahmmod Reza (Supervisor) ; Bozorgmehry, Ramin (Supervisor)
Abstract
The hydrocarbon reservoirs with temperature between critical temperature and cricondentherm are called gas condensate reservoirs. The hydrocarbon fluids of gas condensate reservoirs have retrograde behavior, i.e. when the pressure falls below the dewpoint, condensate liquid appears. This phenomenon usually occurs around the production wells, because pressure is typically the lowest in the near-well region.This so-called condensate blockage leads to reduced gas production because the condensate causes a decrease in gas relative permeability.
This phenomenon is difficult to capture in the standard compositional simulators, because well blocks are typically too large. The condensate...
This phenomenon is difficult to capture in the standard compositional simulators, because well blocks are typically too large. The condensate...
The impact of gas compositions on the intensity of positive coupling effect in gas condensate reservoirs
, Article 1st International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition ; 4-6 May , 2009 ; Hashemi, A ; Vaziri, S. M ; Sharif University of Technology
European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers, EAGE
2009
Abstract
The positive coupling effect decreases the condensate saturation as a result of very high flow rates in vicinity of the wellbore. The current work challenges the notion that the positive rate effect does not lead in falling trend of condensate saturation around the wellbore in the case of rich gas composition. According to the results obtained from this parameter case study, four distinct trends would appear in the condensate saturation profile of both lean and rich gas compositions. These quadruplet trends are consistent and their occurrence is mainly related to the considered base capillary number (Ncb) which is likely dependent to the composition of the fluid
Investigation on the importance of the diffusion process during lean gas injection into a simple synthetic depleted naturally fractured gas condensate reservoir
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 30, Issue 7 , Feb , 2012 , Pages 655-671 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Gerami, S ; Ghotbi, C ; Hashemi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
A depleted naturally fractured gas condensate reservoir with extremely tight matrix permeability in the center of Iran is used for gas storage. Due to the tightness of the matrix, simulation of this process may present a unique challenge in terms of the importance of diffusion process in flow behavior of the injected gas in matrix blocks. This article presents a multimechanistic (Darcian-type flow and Fickian-type flow) mathematical model to investigate the importance of diffusion process as a function of important rock and fluid parameters. The authors' approach consists of the following steps: (a) development of a 1-D governing equations for a single matrix block consists of a gas...
On the size-dependent behavior of drop contact angle in wettability alteration of reservoir rocks to preferentially gas wetting using nanofluid
, Article Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 178 , 2019 , Pages 1143-1154 ; 09204105 (ISSN) ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Dehghan Monfared, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2019
Abstract
Wettability alteration of rock surfaces toward gas wetting have been recognized as a practical approach for maximizing the production from the gas condensate reservoirs. Most of the reported work in this area applied the so called sessile drop contact angle measurement technique to examine the change in wetting state of a surface. However, the size-dependent wetting behavior of drop which could affect the exact determination of wettability and wettability changes was not well discussed in the previous studies. Therefore, in this work, the size dependency of contact angle for four different liquid-solid-gas systems; i.e., water-calcite-air, water-treated calcite-air (nanofluid treated...
Experimental and Modeling Investigation of Wettability Alteration to Gas Wetting Condition in Gas Condensate Reservoirs
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghazanfari, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
During production from gas condensate reservoirs, reservoir pressure decreses to lower than dew point pressure of the reservoir fluid. Consequently, condensates will form in near wellbore regions, which significantly decrease well productivity. One of the remediations that is recently proposed for solving this problem is wettability alteration of near wellbore region to gas wetting condition. In comparison to other methods, it provides a better permanency, which is its key advantage. The main purpose of this thesis is, quantitative, qualitative and modeling study of wettability alteration of rock to gas wetting condition and verification of modeling rsults for a reservoir rock sample. Also,...
Mathematical Modeling of Molecular Diffusion for Gas Injection of Fractured Gas Condensate Reservoir – Single Block Approach
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghotbi, Cyrus (Supervisor) ; Gerami, Shahab (Supervisor) ; Hashemi, Abdonabi (Supervisor)
Abstract
Gas condensate reservoirs show very complex behavior as wellbore pressure falls below the reservoir fluid dew point pressure and consequently liquid phase appears near the wellbore. Since pressure drawdown is the largest near the wellbore, therefore, this region is the first that experience the liquid dropouts. With continuing the production, reservoir pressures at the other parts of the reservoir fall below the dew point pressure and as a result, condensate appears at these regions. The more the condensate accumulates near the wellbore the more decreasing the gas relative permeability occurs. Condensate accumulating does as a liquid barrier and causes not only decreasing the gas production;...
Investigation on Aplicability of Decline Curve Analysis for Gas Condensate Reservoirs
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Masihi, Mohsen (Supervisor) ; Gerami, Shahab (Supervisor)
Abstract
Part 1: Techniques of production data analysis for single-phase oil and gas reservoirs have advanced significantly over the past few years. These techniques range from traditional (Arps and Fetkovich) to modern (they account for the variation of operating conditions at the wellbore). Although the production data analysis methods are used generally for single phase reservoirs, the application of these techniques for analysis of production data of a gas condensate reservoir may not yield the reliable answer due to the fact that the flow of fluid in gas condensate reservoirs is not single-phase. This study presents the treatment of the modern methods of production data analysis (single phase...
Simultaneous Carbon Dioxide Storage and Enhanced Gas Recovery in Gas Condensate Reservoirs
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Jamshidi, Saeid (Supervisor) ; Soltanieh, Mohammad (Supervisor)
Abstract
The consumption of fossil fuels (oil, gas and coal) increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that cause increase of earth atmosphere temperature and lots of environmental problems. Using appropriate alternative energy sources is one way to control this emission, while considering energy infrastructures shows this is a far solution. An early way for decreasing the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is injection of CO2 in geological formations. Since approximately 50 years ago some researches in this area have been developing. The most important limit of these projects is its costs so it is wise to combine them with gas injection projects in gas and oil...
A novel method for prediction of parameters of naturally fractured condensate reservoirs using pressure response analysis
, Article Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering ; Vol. 19, issue , July , 2014 , p. 13-22 ; ISSN: 18755100 ; Jamshidi, S ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Producing from gas condensate reservoirs under dew-point pressure and at constant temperature shows a complex behavior because of existing liquid condensate around the well. Zones with different mobilities generate three zones as a zone away from the well containing only gas, a zone having liquid around the well and finally a zone containing movable oil and gas. Existence of condensate around wellbore reduces gas relative permeability and as a result productivity index of the well will decrease. In fact, this condensate acts like an additional skin and investigating of this behavior can be difficult because of the complex fluid flow processes. Well test analysis in naturally fractured...
Evolving an accurate model based on machine learning approach for prediction of dew-point pressure in gas condensate reservoirs
, Article Chemical Engineering Research and Design ; Vol. 92, issue. 5 , May , 2014 , p. 891-902 ; ISSN: 02638762 ; Shokrollahi, A ; Arabloo, M ; Mahdikhani-Soleymanloo, R ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Over the years, accurate prediction of dew-point pressure of gas condensate has been a vital importance in reservoir evaluation. Although various scientists and researchers have proposed correlations for this purpose since 1942, but most of these models fail to provide the desired accuracy in prediction of dew-point pressure. Therefore, further improvement is still needed. The objective of this study is to present an improved artificial neural network (ANN) method to predict dew-point pressures in gas condensate reservoirs. The model was developed and tested using a total set of 562 experimental data point from different gas condensate fluids covering a wide range of variables. After a...
An experimental phase diagram of a gas condensate reservoir
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 30, Issue 20 , 2012 , Pages 2114-2121 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Shadizadeh, S. R ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
Most condensate gas reservoirs discovered in Iran are rich in intermediate components. The phase diagram of these fluids is essential for reservoir management. The available commercial reservoir fluid simulators are not able to find the critical point of some of these condensate gas reservoirs to obtain the phase diagram quality lines. The quality lines of these reservoir's samples can be obtained experimentally using the constant mass expansion test data. The authors present experimental development of gas condensate phase diagram along with retrograde condensation and revaporization characterization during the reservoir depletion process of one Iranian condensate gas reservoir
Challenges of fluid phase behavior modeling in Iranian retrograde gas condensate reservoirs
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Volume 37, Issue 6 , Feb , 2015 , Pages 663-669 ; 15567036 (ISSN) ; Asadi, E ; Nasiri, M ; Khajenoori, L ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Inc
2015
Abstract
Production from gas condensate reservoirs requires precise determination of reservoir fluid properties along with their positive impact on real reservoir performance evaluation and fluid in place volume calculation. This fact is particularly important because liquid drop out phenomena occurs as a result of pressure drop due to fluid production and condensate remains in reservoir [Mohebzadeh, 2005. In this study the challenges and problems of fluid phase behavior simulation in southern Iranian retrograde gas condensate reservoirs is discussed. Most of the problems and challenges are inaccuracy of equation of states near the critical point, special conditions and produced fluid flow...
Investigation into the capability of a modern decline curve analysis for gas condensate reservoirs
, Article Scientia Iranica ; Vol. 18, issue. 3 C , June , 2011 , p. 491-501 ; ISSN: 10263098 ; Gerami, S ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Techniques of production data analysis for single-phase oil and gas reservoirs have advanced significantly over the past few years. These techniques range from traditional (Arps and Fetkovich) to modern (for the variation of operating conditions at the wellbore). The application of these techniques for analysis of the production data of a gas condensate reservoir may not yield reliable answers due to the fact that the flow of fluid in gas condensate reservoirs is not single-phase. This paper presents the treatment of a modern method of production data analysis (single-phase flow) to analyze the production data of a gas condensate reservoir (two-phase flow). For this purpose, a single-phase...