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    The association between motor modules and movement primitives of gait: A muscle and kinematic synergy study

    , Article Journal of Biomechanics ; Volume 134 , 2022 ; 00219290 (ISSN) Esmaeili, S ; Karami, H ; Baniasad, M ; Shojaeefard, M ; Farahmand, F ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier Ltd  2022
    Abstract
    In spite of the extensive literature on the analysis of the muscle synergies during gait, the functionality of these synergies has not been studied in detail. This study explored the relationship between the motor modules and the kinematic maneuvers involved in human walking. Motion and surface electromyography data (of 28 trunk and lower extremity muscles) were acquired from ten healthy subjects during ten trials of self-selected speed gait each. The joint angle trajectories were half-wave rectified and divided into two independent positive directional degrees-of-freedom. The muscle and kinematic synergies were both extracted using the non-negative matrix factorization (NNMF) technique and...