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New insight into the concept of carbonization degree in synthesis of carbon dots to achieve facile smartphone based sensing platform
, Article Scientific Reports ; Volume 7, Issue 1 , 2017 ; 20452322 (ISSN) ; Ehtesabi, H ; Rahmandoust, M ; Ahadian, M. M ; Hallaji, Z ; Eskandari, F ; Jokar, E ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Direct pyrolysis of citric acid (CA) has been proved to be a facile bottom-up technique for making pristine carbon dots (CD) with homogenous size distribution. However, limited reports are available on systematic optimization of carbonization degree. In this investigation, pyrolysis temperatures between 160 °C and 220 °C were studied, based on CA thermal decomposition path, using various heating durations. The effect of the formation of more carbonized carbon particles (MCCPs), as the major byproduct of this method, on photoluminescence properties of CDs was also considered. The NaOH amount that neutralizes the solution and the effect of dilution on the emission intensity, were introduced as...
Analysis of adverse selection and moral hazard in the health insurance market of Iran
, Article Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance: Issues and Practice ; Volume 35, Issue 4 , October , 2010 , Pages 581-599 ; 10185895 (ISSN) ; Zomorrodi Anbaji, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
This paper aims to estimate a demand model for health insurance and medical care in Iran, in the presence of heterogeneous and latent health status of individuals; moreover it tests the asymmetry of information in the health insurance market. Our data set have been taken from the Households expenditures survey (2006) of Iran. Parameters of the model are estimated by the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and the presence of asymmetric information (adverse selection and moral hazard) is tested by a non-parametric econometric method. The analytical model is specified under minimal assumptions on the selection process of different insurance categories and the statistical distribution of...
Seismic hazard analysis and obtaining uniform hazard spectra for rasht region, iran
, Article Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering, 27 May 2019 through 28 May 2019 ; 2019 , Pages 278-284 ; 2301394X (ISSN) ; Hadinejad, A ; Anderson M. S. T ; Anderson P. C. O ; Sharif University of Technology
Global Science and Technology Forum
2019
Abstract
— In this study probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is carried out for Rasht province, a city located in IRAN, and assessment of probable Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and uniform hazard spectra (UHS) for two levels of hazard are presented. Achieving this goal, seismic catalogues of all historical instrumentally recorded earthquakes since 4 th century BC up to 2018, in a radius of 200 km around Rasht city, has been gathered and processed for elimination of the aftershocks and foreshocks from main occurrences list and then the seismicity parameters have been obtained by Kijko [2000] method. In order to determine the PGA over bedrock, tree different attenuation relationships of Sadigh et...
Seismic hazard analysis and obtaining uniform hazard spectra for rasht region, iran
, Article Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering, 27 May 2019 through 28 May 2019 ; 2019 , Pages 278-284 ; 2301394X (ISSN) ; Hadinejad, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Global Science and Technology Forum
2019
Abstract
— In this study probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is carried out for Rasht province, a city located in IRAN, and assessment of probable Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and uniform hazard spectra (UHS) for two levels of hazard are presented. Achieving this goal, seismic catalogues of all historical instrumentally recorded earthquakes since 4 th century BC up to 2018, in a radius of 200 km around Rasht city, has been gathered and processed for elimination of the aftershocks and foreshocks from main occurrences list and then the seismicity parameters have been obtained by Kijko [2000] method. In order to determine the PGA over bedrock, tree different attenuation relationships of Sadigh et...
The role of quantitative risk assessment in improving hazardous installations siting: A case study
, Article Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Volume 30, Issue 4 , 2011 , Pages 113-119 ; 10219986 (ISSN) ; Nourai, F ; Rashtchian, D ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Safety distance has already been a main easurement for the hazard control of chemical installations interpreted to mean providing space between the hazardous installation and different types of targets. But, the problem is how to determine the enough space. This study considers the application of quantitative risk assessment to evaluating a compressed natural gas station site and to identify nearby land use limitations. In such cases, the most important consideration is to assure that the proposed site would not be incompatible with existing land uses in the vicinity. This scope is possible by categorization of estimated levels of risk imposed by the proposed site. It means that an analysis...
Seismic hazard assessment for two cities in Eastern Iran
, Article Earthquake and Structures ; Volume 8, Issue 3 , 2015 , Pages 681-697 ; 20927614 (ISSN) ; Kamali Asl, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Techno Press
2015
Abstract
Iran as one of the countries located on the Alpine-Himalayan seismic belt has recently experienced a few number of catastrophic earthquakes. A well-known index of how buildings are affected by earthquakes is through assessment of probable Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and structures' response spectra. In this research, active faults around Kerman and Birjand, two major cities in eastern parts of Iran, have been considered. Seismic catalogues are gathered to categorize effects of surrounding faults on seismicity of the region. These catalogues were further refined with respect to time and space based on Knopoff-Gardner algorithm in order to increase statistical independency of events....
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of Iran using reliability methods
, Article Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering ; 2018 ; 1570761X (ISSN) ; Rahimi, H ; Bakhshi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Netherlands
2018
Abstract
Structural reliability methods are employed in this paper for nationwide probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of Iran and in-depth seismic hazard and hazard sensitivity analysis of Downtown Tehran. The companion paper proposes two analysis approaches based on reliability methods and presents the technical framework for such analyses. The first approach was based on Monte Carlo sampling reliability analysis, which is employed here to conduct hazard analysis at a grid comprising 3695 sites throughout Iran. The results are used to produce nationwide hazard maps for the peak ground acceleration, spectral acceleration, and cumulative absolute velocity. The other analysis approach employs the...
A novel robust possibilistic programming approach for the hazardous waste location-routing problem considering the risks of transportation and population
, Article International Journal of Systems Science: Operations and Logistics ; Volume 8, Issue 4 , 2021 , Pages 383-395 ; 23302674 (ISSN) ; Kazemi, A ; SeyedHosseini, S. M ; Akhavan Niaki, S. T ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2021
Abstract
Nowadays, fast growth in industrial transformation and urbanization pushes the management of hazardous waste into a crisis for all markets. In this study, a multi-objective mathematical model is introduced to address a new version of the hazardous waste location-routing problem. As another multi-objective optimization model in this research area, the objective functions are minimizing the total costs, the overall risk associated with sending the hazardous waste, and the site risk related to the population in a given distance around the facilities. With regards to the literature and as far as the authors know, this is the first attempt to consider both risks of transportation and population...
Addressing the epistemic uncertainty in seismic hazard analysis as a basis for seismic design by emphasizing the knowledge aspects and utilizing imprecise probabilities
, Article Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering ; 2021 ; 1570761X (ISSN) ; Rahimzadeh Rofooei, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Science and Business Media B.V
2021
Abstract
Epistemic uncertainty in seismic hazard analysis is traditionally addressed by utilizing a logic-tree structure with subjective probabilities for branches. However, many studies have argued that probability is not a suitable choice for addressing epistemic uncertainties; in particular in addressing the background knowledge supporting the probabilities. In this regard, the application of imprecise probability (IP) is investigated. It is discussed that IP could provide a flexible tool for a more objective presentation of experts' knowledge. Moreover, the importance of addressing the strength of knowledge and surprises relative to knowledge in seismic hazard analysis along with methods to do...
Application of survival model to reveal influential objective and subjective variables to educate old metropolitan area residents in trading lands for housings: case of Tehran
, Article Journal of Housing and the Built Environment ; 2022 ; 15664910 (ISSN) ; Poorzahedy, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Science and Business Media B.V
2022
Abstract
Deteriorated land-uses constitute vast portions of the metropolitan areas, being small lots of land, hardly accessible, structurally unstable, and extremely vulnerable to moderate earthquakes. We present the results of a stated preference survey done to support the viability of administering a novel tri-lateral Public–Private Partnership of Build-Operate-Transfer type proposal of Government (G)-Residents (R)-Private Sector Investors (P). In this proposal, the (low income) R in a zone trade their lands for an equivalent value of safe housing built by P next to a newly constructed Bus Rapid Transit line built by G in the same zone, thus a Transit-Oriented Development. P, in return, receives...
Addressing the epistemic uncertainty in seismic hazard analysis as a basis for seismic design by emphasizing the knowledge aspects and utilizing imprecise probabilities
, Article Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering ; Volume 20, Issue 2 , 2022 , Pages 741-764 ; 1570761X (ISSN) ; Rofooei, F. R ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Science and Business Media B.V
2022
Abstract
Epistemic uncertainty in seismic hazard analysis is traditionally addressed by utilizing a logic-tree structure with subjective probabilities for branches. However, many studies have argued that probability is not a suitable choice for addressing epistemic uncertainties; in particular in addressing the background knowledge supporting the probabilities. In this regard, the application of imprecise probability (IP) is investigated. It is discussed that IP could provide a flexible tool for a more objective presentation of experts' knowledge. Moreover, the importance of addressing the strength of knowledge and surprises relative to knowledge in seismic hazard analysis along with methods to do...
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of Iran using reliability methods
, Article Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering ; Volume 17, Issue 3 , 2019 , Pages 1117-1143 ; 1570761X (ISSN) ; Rahimi, H ; Bakhshi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Netherlands
2019
Abstract
Structural reliability methods are employed in this paper for nationwide probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of Iran and in-depth seismic hazard and hazard sensitivity analysis of Downtown Tehran. The companion paper proposes two analysis approaches based on reliability methods and presents the technical framework for such analyses. The first approach was based on Monte Carlo sampling reliability analysis, which is employed here to conduct hazard analysis at a grid comprising 3695 sites throughout Iran. The results are used to produce nationwide hazard maps for the peak ground acceleration, spectral acceleration, and cumulative absolute velocity. The other analysis approach employs the...
Ranking of hazardous road locations in two-lane two-way Rural roads with no crash record
, Article ATRF 2011 - 34th Australasian Transport Research Forum ; 2014 ; Mesbah, M ; Sobhani, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Crash data availability is a significant requirement for identifying hazardous roads. However, for roads with poor data sets or no crash record, a method is needed to find and rank road segments independent of the crash records. In this paper, an auditing based methodology is proposed to determine the hazardous locations. A Rural road is investigated by decomposing it first into six elements, and then into safety factors corresponding to each element. The elements are: straight segments, horizontal and vertical curves, bridges, tunnels, merges and intersections, and side road land use. The relative contribution of the elements to the safety of a road segment is determined using the...
The application of proportional hazards and frailty models to multistage processes surveillance
, Article International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology ; Volume 74, Issue 1-4 , September , 2014 , Pages 461-470 ; ISSN: 02683768 ; Aghaie, A ; Shahriari, H ; Niaki, S. T. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Monitoring industrial and service processes with the purpose of improving the product reliability has been largely addressed in the literature. The surveillance procedures have been proposed with the concentration on single-stage processes with independent quality characteristics. However, the cascade property in multistage processes entails specific monitoring methods which take into account the dependency structure among quality variables in successive stages of a process. This is referred to as regression-adjustment that justifies the heterogeneity in the study population and thus leads to optimal monitoring of multistage processes. In general, it is not straightforward to adjust a...
Studying of possible remedies for solving environment problems of coal spoil and making them economical
, Article 5th International Conference on Environmental Informatics, ISEIS 2006, 1 August 2006 through 3 August 2006 ; 2006 ; Afshoon, M. R ; Hashemian, S. J ; Alamolhoda, A. A ; Sharif University of Technology
International Society for Environmental Information Sciences
2006
Abstract
Site visits of selected factories and mines show large amounts of coal were collected as spoil and waste outside these locations due to un-efficiency of coal exploiting technology from mined material. The coal content of these waste materials is about 60%. In this work, we propose a method to be used for complete consumption of these materials in industry. In some samples, volume and weight of spoils could be decreased by half. This review also shows that aluminum oxide in industrial and minerals spoils are high, in some samples up to 25%. We suggest some remedies, e.g. we can use ashes produced by complete combustion of coal for production of aluminum hydroxide thus making it economical....
Inherently safer process route ranking index (ISPRRI) for sustainable process design
, Article Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries ; Volume 80 , 2022 ; 09504230 (ISSN) ; Shariff, A. M ; Buang, A ; Umer, A ; Zaini, D ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2022
Abstract
The growth of process industries has escalated the probability of loss containment scenarios of hazardous materials that can be tackled via process safety schemes. For preliminary design stage, the inherent scheme is more promising to generate sustainable process designs. For this purpose, various process routes are typically compared to recognize the safer one via numerous indexing methods to eliminate routes with hazardous materials. However, these indices lack in accommodating the equipment characteristics and the underutilization of process and chemical characteristics. Specifically for chemical characteristics, the toxicity aspect has not been engaged for process route selection in...
Improving reliability in multistage processes with autocorrelated observations
, Article Quality Technology and Quantitative Management ; Volume 12, Issue 2 , 2015 , Pages 143-157 ; 16843703 (ISSN) ; Aghaie, A ; Shahriari, H ; Akhavan Niaki, S. T ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Multistage process surveillance is considered to effectively improve the product reliability in manufacturing or service operations. To this end, the process output is commonly inspected under specific conditions and the values of the reliability-related quality characteristic are measured. However, in some cases, the observations from the process output are autocorrelated. This brings about the situation where the use of existing monitoring schemes is futile. Therefore, a class of survival analysis regression models called the proportional hazards (PH) model has been modified to justify the effect of cascade property in line with the autocorrelation issue. Subsequently, three monitoring...
Modeling and quantification of power system resilience to natural hazards: a case of landslide
, Article IEEE Access ; Volume 9 , 2021 , Pages 80300-80309 ; 21693536 (ISSN) ; Fattaheian-Dehkordi, S ; Farrokhi, M ; Fotuhi Firuzabad, M ; Lehtonen, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc
2021
Abstract
Power systems are stretched across thousands of miles of diverse territories, often in remote locations, to generate and transfer the energy to geographically dispersed customers. The system is therefore subjected to a wide range of natural hazards which could potentially damage critical system components and cause interruption of electricity supply in some areas. To improve system resilience against natural hazards, management frameworks are required to identify hazardous areas and prioritize reinforcement activities in order to take the most out of the limited resources.Landslide is a natural disaster that involves the breakup and downhill flow of rock, mud, water, and anything caught in...
Routing and Schedueling for Hazardous Materials Shipment
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Zokaei Aashtiani, Hedayat
(Supervisor)
Abstract
Shipment of hazardous materials has got an important role in the world of today. Nowadays, sustainable development has got serious attention, and human health and environment are one of the sustainable development bases. The risk of hazardous materials for human health and environment, and also importance of this kind of materials in the industrial economy, make necessity of programming for shipment of hazardous materials more serious. This thesis, presents an optimiziation model for routing and scheduling for shipment of hazardous materials. This model is a multi criteria time varing mixed integer programming (MIP). The presented model, finds the optimal routs and scheduling of movement...
Integrating flood hazard into site selection of detention basins using spatial multi-criteria decision-making
, Article Journal of Environmental Planning and Management ; Volume 59, Issue 8 , 2016 , Pages 1397-1417 ; 09640568 (ISSN) ; Tajrishy, M ; Alamdari, N ; Sharif University of Technology
Routledge
Abstract
This study presents an innovative approach for the integration of flood hazard into the site selection of detention basins. The site selection process is conducted by taking into account multiple criteria and disciplines. Hydraulic modeling results derived from stormwater management model are employed by Technique for the Order of Prioritization by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to determine flood hazard score. The score generated by TOPSIS is used in a spatial multi-criteria decision-making site selection framework. Applying the framework, a suitability map is generated in which primary locations for detention basin placement are determined. The method is demonstrated through the...