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    A Bi-objective home health care routing and scheduling model with considering nurse downgrading costs

    , Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ; Volume 18, Issue 3 , 2021 , Pages 1-24 ; 16617827 (ISSN) Khodabandeh, P ; Kayvanfar, V ; Rafiee, M ; Werner, F ; Sharif University of Technology
    MDPI AG  2021
    Abstract
    In recent years, the management of health systems is a main concern of governments and decision-makers. Home health care is one of the newest methods of providing services to patients in developed societies that can respond to the individual lifestyle of the modern age and the increase of life expectancy. The home health care routing and scheduling problem is a generalized version of the vehicle routing problem, which is extended to a complex problem by adding special features and constraints of health care problems. In this problem, there are multiple stakeholders, such as nurses, for which an increase in their satisfaction level is very important. In this study, a mathematical model is...