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A New Method for Measuring very Low Variation in Physical Parameters based on the Sensitivity to Conditions of Chaotic Systems
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Zohoor, Hasan (Supervisor)
Abstract
Since the beginning of human civilization, improving the methods of measuring and identifying changes in order to improve the level of comfort and safety of human civilization is inevitable. The intrinsic property of high sensitivity to system conditions in chaos phenomena has led some researchers to use this feature for purposes of identifying and measuring changes. The most important bugs of previous researches in this area are the complexity, lack of coherence and dependence on the nominal parameters. By analyzing the effect of the type and magnitude of the initial deviation in a system parameter on all the characteristics of the Duffing system response in the chaotic regime, was observed...
Optimization of a vanillin assay for determination of anthocyanins using D-optimal design
, Article Analytical Methods ; Volume 4, Issue 3 , Feb , 2012 , Pages 824-829 ; 17599660 (ISSN) ; Roohi, T ; Moghaddam, G ; Khoshayand, F ; Shahbazikhah, P ; Oveisi, M. R ; Hajimahmoodi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
The vanillin assay is a spectrophotometric method for anthocyanin determination that is simple, quick and inexpensive. The method is preferred because of its high sensitivity, specificity and simplicity; however, the results of this test are influenced by several factors. Hence, a D-optimal experimental design approach was investigated to simultaneously, without loss of information, optimize five factors that influence the vanillin assay: acid normality, vanillin concentration, temperature, time and acid type. Further optimization with a D-optimal design and response surface analysis (RSM) showed that a second-order polynomial model fit the experimental data appropriately. The optimum...
Nonlinear vibration analysis of a micro beam exposed to an external flow
, Article ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2011 ; Volume 7, Issue PARTS A AND B , 2011 , Pages 643-646 ; 9780791854938 (ISBN) ; Hosseinzadeh, A ; Ahmadian, M. T ; Barari, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
In this paper, nonlinear vibration of a micro cantilever exposed to a constant velocity flow is studied. In order to obtain vibration frequency and time response of the micro beam the variational iteration method is used as a novel tool for solving nonlinear differential equations. Results of the analytical solution are compared with those obtained by Runge-Kutta method which shows very good agreement between them. Results confirm that frequency of vibration depends on the flow velocity. Also, the high sensitivity of the vibration frequency to the flow velocity means that it can be an effective indicator of velocity
Caspian Sea negotiation support system
, Article World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010: Challenges of Change - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010, 16 May 2010 through 20 May 2010 ; 2010 , Pages 2694-2702 ; 9780784411148 (ISBN) ; Madani, K ; Gholizadeh, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Caspian Sea is currently a subject of one of the world's most intractable disputes, involving five coastal states of Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan. The conflict over the legal status of this multinational water body emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since then the parties have been negotiating without reaching an agreement on the ownerships of waters, and the oil and natural gas beneath them. Although different division methods have been suggested so far for sharing the Caspian Sea, the gains of the countries from sea area and valuable resources remain unclear as the proposed methods are either focused on the areal shares or on the oil and gas shares....
Investigation of conductivity effects on capacitance measurements of water liquids using a cylindrical capacitive sensor
, Article Journal of Applied Sciences ; Volume 10, Issue 4 , 2010 , Pages 261-268 ; 18125654 (ISSN) ; Golnabi, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
In this study by using a Cylindrical Capacitive Sensor (CCS), the Electrical Conductivity (EC), effects on the capacitance measurements of the water liquids was investigated. Theoretical values of the capacitance measurements of water liquids with the cylindrical length in the range 0.5-5 cm are calculated. Our obtained results indicate that measured capacitance value by CCS depends on the liquid capacitance and reactance capacitance. Liquid capacitance value of the distilled water for permittivity of 80 is about 33.5 pF and reactance capacitance value is about 0.290 μF, when the cylindrical length value is about 1.6 cm. The reactance capacitance for the mineral, tap and dilute salt water...
Finite element martensite ratio derivation of NiTi via measurable criteria of strain rate
, Article Proceedings of the ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems 2009, SMASIS2009, 21 September 2009 through 23 September 2009, Oxnard, CA ; Volume 1 , 2009 , Pages 641-647 ; 9780791848968 (ISBN) ; Mehdigholi, H ; Elahinia, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
The shape memory alloys (SMAs) and smart composites have a large use in high and low level industry, while a lot of research is being done in this field. The existence of smart composite structures is because of the advance mechanical benefits of the above materials. This work refers to dynamic and quasi static nonlinear explanation of these materials. After mathematical model consideration on the rate of strain, a model which is about martensite ratio of NiTi has been presented. This work has been done because of the high sensitivity of these materials to strain rate and use of visual and measurable engineering criteria to access other variables. As the martensite ratio is not engineering...
Polynomial segment model for radar target recognition using Gibbs sampling approach
, Article IET Signal Processing ; Volume 11, Issue 3 , 2017 , Pages 285-294 ; 17519675 (ISSN) ; Radmard, M ; Nayebi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
Institution of Engineering and Technology
2017
Abstract
High resolution range profile (HRRP) is a widely noted tool in radar target recognition. However, its high sensitivity to the target's aspect angle makes it necessary to seek solutions for this problem. One alternative is to assume consecutive samples of HRRP identically and independently distributed in small frames of aspect angles, an assumption which is not true in reality. Based on this simplifying assumption, some models, such as the hidden Markov model, have been developed to characterise the sequential information contained in multi-aspect radar echoes. As a result, these models consider only the short dependency between consecutive samples. Considering such issues, in this study, the...
Resonant light scattering toward optical fiber humidity sensors
, Article Photonic Sensors ; Volume 9, Issue 1 , 2019 , Pages 60-68 ; 16749251 (ISSN) ; Bahrampour, A ; Bahrampour, A. R ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2019
Abstract
The deposition of tetrakis (4-sulonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) thin film on optical fibers presents many possibilities for sensing applications. The J-form aggregation with a narrow and sharp spectral feature at about 490 nm and its sensitivity to humidity have been discussed; a fast change of wavelength occurs according with variation in the humidity level. The reproducibility and high sensitivity of TPPS-coated fibers, along with the capabilities of optical fibers, suggest the device as a good candidate for humidity sensing in harsh environments. © 2018, The Author(s)
Highly sensitive voltammetric determination of lamotrigine at highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrode
, Article Bioelectrochemistry ; Volume 84 , 2012 , Pages 38-43 ; 15675394 (ISSN) ; Shahrokhian, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior of lamotrigine (LMT) at the pyrolytic graphite electrode (PGE) is investigated in detail by the means of cyclic voltammetry. During the electrochemical reduction of LMT, an irreversible cathodic peak appeared. Cyclic voltammetric studies indicated that the reduction process has an irreversible and adsorption-like behavior. The observed reduction peak is attributed to a two-electron process referring to the reduction of azo group. The electrode showed an excellent electrochemical activity toward the electro-reduction of LMT, leading to a significant improvement in sensitivity as compared to the glassy carbon electrode. The results of electrochemical impedance...
Electrodeposition of long gold nanotubes in polycarbonate templates as highly sensitive 3D nanoelectrode ensembles
, Article Electrochimica Acta ; Volume 75 , 2012 , Pages 157-163 ; 00134686 (ISSN) ; Ghorbani, M ; Dolati, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
2012
Abstract
Electrodeposition of long and well-defined gold nanotubes in polycarbonate (PC) templates is still a major concern due to pore blockage problems. In the present study, we introduce a novel method for electrodeposition of long gold nanotubes within the pores of PC templates for the first time. In order to deposit gold atoms onto the pore walls preferentially, pore walls were functionalized with a coupling agent. Short and thin Ni nanotubes were then electrodeposited at the bottom of the pores. Gold nanotubes were subsequently electrodeposited at constant potentials and low solution concentrations. The morphology of nanotubes was characterized by electron microscopy and their formation...
Property change during nanosecond pulse laser annealing of amorphous NiTi thin film
, Article Bulletin of Materials Science ; Volume 35, Issue 3 , 2012 , Pages 357-364 ; 02504707 (ISSN) ; Yasavol, N ; Ganjali, M ; Sanjabi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
Nanosecond lasers of different intensities were pulsed into sputter-deposited amorphous thin films of near equiatomic Ni/Ti composition to produce partially crystallized highly sensitive R-phase spots surrounded by amorphous regions. Scanning electron microscopy having secondary and back-scattered electrons, field emission scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction patterns were used to characterize the laser treated spots. Effect of nanosecond pulse lasering on microstructure, morphology, thermal diffusion and inclusion formation was investigated. Increasing beam intensity and laser pulse-number promoted amorphous to R-phase transition. Lowering duration of the...
Corrosion detection in pipes by piezoelectric sensors using Artificial Neural Network
, Article Advanced Materials Research, 4 November 2011 through 6 November 2011 ; Volume 403-408 , November , 2012 , Pages 748-752 ; 10226680 (ISSN) ; 9783037853122 (ISBN) ; Rahmani, B ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
Defect detection in pipes is an essential task specially for sensitive applications such as oil and gas industry where special cares are required. Corrosion is a common defect in pipes which has attracted attention of researchers. In present work a non-destructive methodology for pipe corrosion monitoring is introduced. Polymer of Vinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Piezoelectric is used as the sensor to measure strain variations affected by internal corrosion. High sensitivity and low cost of piezoelectric materials made them a good candidate for precise industrial applications. Different corrosion conditions (i.e. corrosion location along pipe and corrosion depth) are modeled and sensors voltages...
Catalytic activity of TiO 2 nanotubes modified with carbon and Pt nanoparticles for detection of dopamine
, Article ECS Transactions ; Volume 35, Issue 35 , 2011 , Pages 53-62 ; 19385862 (ISSN) ; 9781607682950 (ISBN) ; Mahshid, S. S ; Ghahremaninezhad, A ; Askari, M ; Dolati, A ; Yang, L ; Luo, Sh ; Cai, Q ; Sensor; Organic and Biological Electrochemistry ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
Catalytic activity of carbon/Pt nanoparticles modified TiO 2 nanotubes electrode was studied by using dopamine contained solutions. The TiO 2 nanotubes electrode was prepared using anodizing method in aqueous solution. The electrochemical pulse method was then applied for electrodeposition of Pt nanoparticles onto the TiO 2 nanotubes. Further modification was achieved by decomposition of polyethylene glycol in a tube furnace to have a carbon/Pt nanoparticles modified TiO 2 nanotubes electrode. The final modified electrode could successfully detect the electro-oxidation of dopamine in a ImM contained solution using cyclic voltametry method. Also, a high sensitivity towards the oxidation of...
Investigation of humidity effect on the air refractive index using an optical fiber design
, Article Journal of Applied Sciences ; Volume 11, Issue 16 , 2011 , Pages 3022-3027 ; 18125654 (ISSN) ; Golnabi, H ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
In this study operation of an optical design based on the intensity modulation for the refractive index change has been described. The reported instrument measures the transmitted output power depending up on the medium refractive index in the light path of a fiber-to-fiber design. A liquid cell is located between the fibers in the light path and power variations for different cold and hot water levels in the cell are measured. By using a reference humidity meter the calibration curve representing the relative humidity (%RH) as a function of the transmitted output power is obtained. For the hot water with the final temperature of T = 32.7°C the output power range of 255.0 -313.OnW is...
Copper oxide nanoflakes as highly sensitive and fast response self-sterilizing biosensors
, Article Journal of Materials Chemistry ; Volume 21, Issue 34 , Jul , 2011 , Pages 12935-12940 ; 09599428 (ISSN) ; Ghaderi, E ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
Vertical copper oxide nanoflakes were synthesized on a Cu foil through oxidation in alkaline conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that after exposing the nanoflakes to an Escherichia coli bacterial suspension, the outermost surface of the nanoflakes was chemically reduced through the glycolysis process of the bacteria. Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the nanoflakes (measured perpendicular to surface of the Cu foil by using conductive atomic force microscopy) indicated that electrical resistivity of the nanoflakes increased about one order of magnitude after exposure to the bacterial suspension. The nanoflakes reduced by the bacterial suspension could also be...
An improvement of thermodynamic micellization model for prediction of asphaltene precipitation during gas injection in heavy crude
, Article Fluid Phase Equilibria ; Volume 308, Issue 1-2 , September , 2011 , Pages 153-163 ; 03783812 (ISSN) ; Masihi, M ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Kharrat, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Thermodynamic micellization model is known as an appropriate approach for prediction of asphaltene precipitation. However, the reliability (i.e. accuracy) of this model for whole range of pressure or injected gas mole percent must be checked. In practice, the accuracy can be improved by using a suitable characterization method. In this research, a computer code for implementing the thermodynamic micellization model has been developed. Having used this program, we make the prediction of asphaltene precipitation by using data reported in the literature as well as the experimental data obtained from high pressure, high temperature asphaltene precipitation experiments under gas injection...
Silver nanoparticles modified carbon nanotube paste electrode for simultaneous determination of dopamine and ascorbic acid
, Article Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry ; Volume 633, Issue 1 , 2009 , Pages 85-91 ; 15726657 (ISSN) ; Hormozi Nezhad, M. R ; Khodavesi, J ; Javadi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
2009
Abstract
A novel modified carbon-paste electrode was employed for the simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) with good selectivity and high sensitivity. Silver nanoparticle and carbon nanotube modified carbon-paste electrode (Ag/CNT-CPE) displayed excellent electrochemical catalytic activities towards dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA). The oxidation overpotentials of DA and AA were decreased significantly compared with those obtained at the bare CPE. Differential pulse voltammetry was used for the simultaneous determination of DA and AA. The peak separation between DA and AA was 67 mV. The calibration curves for DA and AA were obtained in the range of 8.0 × 10-7-6.4 ×...
The decoration of TiO2/reduced graphene oxide by Pd and Pt nanoparticles for hydrogen gas sensing
, Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; Volume 37, Issue 20 , 2012 , Pages 15423-15432 ; 03603199 (ISSN) ; Ghasemi, S ; Irajizad, A ; Akhavan, O ; Gholami, M. R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
2012
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was used to improve the hydrogen sensing properties of Pd and Pt-decorated TiO2 nanoparticles by facile production routes. The TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method and coupled on GO sheets via a photoreduction process. The Pd or Pt nanoparticles were decorated on the TiO2/RGO hybrid structures by chemical reduction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that GO reduction is done by the TiO2 nanoparticles and Ti-C bonds are formed between the TiO2 and the RGO sheets as well. Gas sensing was studied with different concentrations of hydrogen ranging from 100 to 10,000 ppm at various temperatures. High sensitivity (92%) and fast response time...
Fabrication of sensitive glutamate biosensor based on vertically aligned CNT nanoelectrode array and investigating the effect of CNTs density on the electrode performance
, Article Analytical Chemistry ; Volume 84, Issue 14 , June , 2012 , Pages 5932-5938 ; 00032700 (ISSN) ; Shahrokhian, S ; Iraji Zad, A ; Mohajerzadeh, S ; Vosoughi, M ; Darbari, S ; Koohsorkhi, J ; Mehran, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
In this report, the fabrication of vertically aligned carbon nanotube nanoelectrode array (VACNT-NEA) by photolithography method is presented. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry was performed to characterize the arrays with respect to different diffusion regimes. The fabricated array illustrated sigmoidal cyclic voltammogram with steady state current dominated by radial diffusion. The fabricated VACNT-NEA and high density VACNTs were employed as electrochemical glutamate biosensors. Glutamate dehydrogenase is covalently attached to the tip of CNTs. The voltammetric biosensor, based on high density VACNTs, exhibits a sensitivity of 0.976 mA mM-1 cm-2 in the...
Glassy carbon electrode modified with a bilayer of multi-walled carbon nanotube and polypyrrole doped with new coccine: Application to the sensitive electrochemical determination of Sumatriptan
, Article Electrochimica Acta ; Volume 56, Issue 27 , November , 2011 , Pages 10032-10038 ; 00134686 (ISSN) ; Kamalzadeh, Z ; Saberi, R. S ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
A promising electrochemical sensor was developed based on a layer by layer process by electro-polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of new coccine (NC) as dopant anion on the surface of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) pre-coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The modified electrode was used as a new and sensitive electrochemical sensor for voltammetric determination of sumatriptan (SUM). The electrochemical behavior of SUM was investigated on the surface of the modified electrode using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The results showed a remarkable increase (∼12 times) in the anodic peak current of SUM in comparison to the bare GCE. The effect of experimental variables such...