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hippocampus
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Anatomical Surface Modeling Via Harmonic Fields
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Fatemi Zadeh, Emad (Supervisor)
Abstract
Advancements in medical imaging, especially 3D imaging, leads to progressive growth of image processing for diagnosis, studying behavior of organs and development of disease. Therefore many researches have been done on segmentation, registration, modeling and 3D image refinement. In this thesis, we want to parameterize anatomic surfaces, using volume parameterization model.
Hippocampus is one of the most important components in brain that plays significant role in learning, memory, stress management and etc. There is been a theory that, shape and structure of hippocampus may change in diseases like Alzheimer, schizophrenia, chronic depression and epilepsy.
The aim of this research is...
Hippocampus is one of the most important components in brain that plays significant role in learning, memory, stress management and etc. There is been a theory that, shape and structure of hippocampus may change in diseases like Alzheimer, schizophrenia, chronic depression and epilepsy.
The aim of this research is...
Hippocmapal Protein Kinase Mζ Overexpression Effect on Cognitive Performance in a Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Roosta Azad, Reza (Supervisor) ; Gholamipour Badie, Hamid (Supervisor)
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which results in synaptic depression and complete destruction in neurons in the final stages. Many pathogenesis has so far been attributed to AD but the most commonly explained pathomechanism is based on the amyloid cascade theory which results in formation of amyloid beta plaques outside and hyper phosphorylated neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein inside the neurons. One of the most well-known symptoms of AD is the disability to learn and form new memories and transform them into long term memory. The most commonly studied mechanism in memory formation, is the “long term potentiation”. Although many mechanisms and molecules are...
Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Gamma-band Entrainment through Auditory Stimulation in AD Patients and Healthy Controls
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Aghajan, Hamid (Supervisor)
Abstract
As the most widespread form of mental disorders, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains among the main challenges in neurology and in the field of neuroscience. There are still no effective drugs to cure this disease or slow its progress, and prevention methods are still not even close to having established records. However, the onset of AD has been linked to certain dysfunctions of the oscillatory frequencies of the affected brain mainly in the gamma band. Hence, an approach to consider for reversing the damaging effects of AD could involve reviving such oscillations through stimulating the neuronal networks in the brain that are known to be the source of these oscillations. A recent research has...
Allergic rhinitis impairs working memory in association with drop of hippocampal – Prefrontal coupling
, Article Brain Research ; Volume 1758 , 2021 ; 00068993 (ISSN) ; Ghazvineh, S ; Nazari, M ; Dehdar, K ; Garousi, M ; Zare, M ; Tabasi, F ; Jamaati, H ; Salimi, A ; Barkley, V ; Mirnajafi Zadeh, J ; Raoufy, M. R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2021
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disease frequently associated with a deficit in learning and memory. Working memory is an important system for decision making and guidance, which depends on interactions between the ventral hippocampus (vHipp) and the prelimbic prefrontal cortex (plPFC). It is still unclear whether AR influences the activity and coupling of these brain areas, which consequently may impair working memory. The current study aimed to examine alterations of the vHipp-plPFC circuit in a rat model of AR. Our results show decreased working memory performance in AR animals, accompanied by a reduction of theta and gamma oscillations in plPFC. Also, AR reduces...
Effect of mozart music on hippocampal content of BDNF in postnatal rats
, Article Basic and Clinical Neuroscience ; Volume 2, Issue 3 , 2011 , Pages 21-26 ; 2008126X (ISSN) ; Shahbazi, A ; Tondar, M ; Soleimani, M ; Bakhshayesh, M ; Moshkforoush, A ; Sadati, M ; Zendehrood, S. A ; Joghataei, M. T ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
Introduction: It has shown that listening to Mozart music can potentiate spatial tasks in human; and reduce seizure attacks in epileptic patients. A few studies have reported the effects of prenatal plus postpartum exposure of mice to the Mozart music on brain-drived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. Here we investigated the effect of postpartum exposure to The Mozart music on BDNF concentration in the hippocampus of rat. Methods: Thirty male one day old newborn Wistar rats divided randomly in two equal experimental and control groups. Experimental group exposed to slow rhythm Mozart music (Mozart Sonata for two pianos KV 448, 6 hour per day; sound pressure levels, between 80...
Hippocampal shape analysis in epilepsy using Laplace-Beltrami spectrum
, Article 2011 19th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 2011, 17 May 2011 through 19 May 2011 ; May , 2011 , Page(s): 1 - 5 ; ISSN : 21647054 ; 9789644634284 (ISBN) ; Soltanian Zadeh, H ; Moghadasi, S. R ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
Shape analysis plays an important role in many medical imaging studies. One of the recent shape analysis methods uses the Laplace Beltrami eigenvalues which is also used in this paper for global shape comparison of hippocampus of normal subjects and epileptic patients. Popularity of the Laplace Beltrami operator in this field is due to its isometry-invariance which avoids pre-processing steps like mapping, registration, and alignment. In addition, it is capable of revealing fine details in shapes that makes this method a good choice for deformation detecting purposes like epilepsy diagnosis. To examine capability of the proposed method, statistical analysis and two ways of classification,...
Rhythmic air-puff into nasal cavity modulates activity across multiple brain areas: A non-invasive brain stimulation method to reduce ventilator-induced memory impairment
, Article Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology ; Volume 287 , 2021 ; 15699048 (ISSN) ; Salimi, M ; Nazari, M ; Garousi, M ; Tabasi, F ; Dehdar, K ; Salimi, A ; Jamaati, H ; Mirnajafi Zadeh, J ; Arabzadeh, E ; Raoufy, M. R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2021
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) can result in long-term brain impairments that are resistant to treatment. The mechanisms underlying MV-induced brain function impairment remain unclear. Since nasal airflow modulates brain activity, here we evaluated whether reinstating airflow during MV could influence the memory performance of rats after recovery. Rats were allocated into two study groups: one group received rhythmic air-puff into the nasal cavity during MV and a control group that underwent ventilation without air-puff. During MV, air-puffs induced time-locked event potentials in OB, mPFC and vHPC and significantly increased the oscillatory activity at the air-puff frequency. Furthermore, in...
Hippocampal shape analysis in the Laplace Beltrami feature space for temporal lobe epilepsy diagnosis and lateralization
, Article Proceedings - International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging ; 2012 , Pages 150-153 ; 19457928 (ISSN) ; 9781457718588 (ISBN) ; Gandomkar, Z ; Soltaman Zadeh, H ; Moghadasi, S. R ; Sharif University of Technology
IEEE
2012
Abstract
Shape analysis plays an important role in many medical imaging studies. One of the recent shape analysis methods uses the Laplace Beltrami operator which is also used in this paper for hippocampal shape comparison. We proposed a feature vector which consists of size measures and shape descriptors based on Laplace Beltrami eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. The aforementioned feature space is utilised for automatic differentiating normal subjects from epileptic patients as well as distinguishing epileptic patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE) from patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy (RTLE). Achieved results are diagnostic accuracy of 93% with 95% sensitivity and lateralization...
Overexpression of protein kinase Mζ in the hippocampus mitigates alzheimer's disease-related cognitive deficit in rats
, Article Brain Research Bulletin ; Volume 166 , 2021 , Pages 64-72 ; 03619230 (ISSN) ; Roosta Azad, R ; Motamedi, F ; Mirzapour Delavar, H ; Ghasemi, S ; Aliakbari, S ; Pourbadie, H. G ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Inc
2021
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) soluble forms in the cerebral parenchyma is the mainstream concept underlying memory deficit in the early phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD). PKMζ plays a critical role in the maintenance of long-term memory. Yet, the role of this brain-specific enzyme has not been addressed in AD. We examined the impact of hippocampal PKMζ overexpression on AD-related memory impairment in rats. Oligomeric form of Aβ (oAβ) or vehicle was bilaterally microinjected into the dorsal hippocampus of male Wistar rats under stereotaxic surgery. One week later, 2 μl of lentiviral vector (108 T.U. / ml.) encoding PKMζ genome was microinjected into the dorsal hippocampus. Seven days...