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    A new method for finding core locations of extensive air showers

    , Article Astrophysical Journal ; Volume 727, Issue 2 , 2011 ; 0004637X (ISSN) Hedayati Kh., H ; Anvari, A ; Bahmanabadi, M ; Samimi, J ; Khakian Ghomi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Institute of Physics Publishing  2011
    Abstract
    Analysis of an extensive air shower (EAS) detected by surface arrays highly depends on the determination of core locations. Here we present a new method to find the core location of an EAS that, unlike the common methods, does not depend on the lateral distribution function and uses arrival times of secondary particles. This method improves the accuracy of finding the core location of a low-energy EAS in the internal parts of an array, in comparison with common methods  

    Lofar: recent imaging results and future prospects

    , Article Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy ; Volume 32, Issue 4 , January , 2011 , Pages 589-598 ; 02506335 (ISSN) Heald, G ; Bell, M. R ; Horneffer, A ; Offringa, A. R ; Pizzo, R ; van der Tol, S ; van Weeren, R. J ; van Zwieten, J. E ; Anderson, J. M ; Beck, R ; van Bemmel, I ; Bîrzan, L ; Bonafede, A ; Conway, J ; Ferrari, C ; De Gasperin, F ; Haverkorn, M ; Jackson, N ; Macario, G ; McKean, J ; Miraghaei, H ; Orrù, E ; Rafferty, D ; Röttgering, H ; Scaife, A ; Shulevski, A ; Sotomayor, C ; Tasse, C ; Trasatti, M ; Wucknitz, O ; Sharif University of Technology
    2011
    Abstract
    The Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) is under construction in the Netherlands and in several surrounding European countries. In this contribution, we describe the layout and design of the telescope, with particular emphasis on the imaging characteristics of the array when used in its 'standard imaging' mode. After briefly reviewing the calibration and imaging software used for LOFAR image processing, we show some recent results from the ongoing imaging commissioning efforts. We conclude by summarizing future prospects for the use of LOFAR in observing the little-explored low-frequency Universe  

    Development of the tigre compton telescope for intermediate-energy gamma-ray astronomy

    , Article IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science ; Volume 50, Issue 2 , 2003 , Pages 251-257 ; 00189499 (ISSN) O'Neill, T. J ; Bhattacharya, D ; Polsen, M ; Zych, A. D ; Samimi, J ; Akyuz, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    2003
    Abstract
    Gamma-ray observations in the low and medium energy range (0.1-100 MeV) with sufficiently sensitive telescopes will provide unique insights into many outstanding high-energy astrophysics questions. The University of California, Riverside (UCR) Tracking and Imaging Gamma-Ray Telescope (TIGRE) Compton gamma-ray telescope uses multilayers of silicon strip detectors to, for the first time, track the Compton electron and CsI(Tl)-photodiode detectors to measure the scattered photon energy. By combining the Compton telescope's inherent imaging capability with improved background discrimination, a larger field-of-view and improved spectral and spatial resolutions, a significant improvement in... 

    Design, analysis, and experimental evaluation of a novel three-fingered endoscopic large-organ grasper

    , Article Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME ; Volume 7, Issue 2 , 2013 ; 19326181 (ISSN) Mirbagheri, A ; Farahmand, F ; Sharif University of Technology
    2013
    Abstract
    The currently available laparoscopic instruments are unable to manipulate and grasp the large intra-abdominal organs, such as spleen and kidney, with sufficient stability and safety. This paper describes a novel three-fingered endoscopic instrument, based on parallelogram mechanism, which can fully constrain the large organs and provide an effective grasping function. We first evaluated the efficacy of the design using a 3D model and finite element analysis. Then, a fully functional prototype was fabricated for experimental evaluations, including force propagation and pull force limitation characteristics. Finally, the instrument's capability for effective grasping was investigated on animal... 

    Measuring small displacements by using a capacitive transducer system

    , Article Scientia Iranica ; Volume 7, Issue 1 , 2000 , Pages 69-74 ; 10263098 (ISSN) Golnabi, H ; Sharif University of Technology
    Sharif University of Technology  2000
    Abstract
    In this paper, application of a capacitive sensor system in recording small displacements is discussed. Through using a simple transducer and a monitoring circuit, change in capacitance has been detected as a function of the capacitor air-gap distance. There is a linear relation between gap distance and output of a sensor for a wide gap range of 0.5 to 5 mm. The reported system provides means for measuring displacements up to 5 mm with a resolution better than 250 nm. By decreasing the dynamic range of the transducer to 250 μm, a small displacement of the order of 100 nm is detectable. With the present system, a minimum displacement of about 200 nm (200 ppm) for the gap distance of 1 mm is... 

    The Influence of Metaphysic in Physical Science

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology batobeh, Aram (Author) ; Golshani, Mehdi (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    The influences of metaphysics in physical science in contemporary philosophy of science have the main place. In this article we consideration the scientific experiment and model for understanding of metaphysic influence .we answer the epistemological and metaphysical question about scientific experiment. We notice in the approximation in the scientific experiment and modeling. In this line we inference the exponential radiation law and consider approximation in this inference and conclude that from approximation, metaphysics of individual scientist influence in the future of physical sciences. We consider the role of model in scientific explanation and with this study we understand that... 

    Enhanced performance of an electron tracking Compton gamma-ray telescope

    , Article New Astronomy ; Volume 9, Issue 2 , 2004 , Pages 127-135 ; 13841076 (ISSN) Akyüz, A ; Bhattacharya, D ; O'Neill, T. J ; Samimi, J ; Zych, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    2004
    Abstract
    TIGRE, the UCR Compton gamma-ray telescope, is designed to make use of the Compton recoil electron track to improve the flux sensitivity in the medium gamma-ray energy range (0.4-100 MeV). TIGRE uses multilayers of silicon strip detectors to track Compton scattered electrons, and CsI detectors to measure the scattered photon energy and direction. In this work, using Monte-Carlo simulation, we show the improvement that can be obtained when the electron tracking feature is added to a conventional Compton telescope. In simulating a Crab-like source in a balloon-background environment, the flux sensitivity for TIGRE is enhanced by a factor of 2.5 and the source location accuracy by a factor 3... 

    MOA-2009-BLG-387Lb: A massive planet orbiting an M dwarf

    , Article Astronomy and Astrophysics ; Volume 529 , 2011 ; 00046361 (ISSN) Batista, V ; Gould, A ; Dieters, S ; Dong, S ; Bond, I ; Beaulieu, J. P ; Maoz, D ; Monard, B ; Christie, G. W ; McCormick, J ; Albrow, M. D ; Horne, K ; Tsapras, Y ; Burgdorf, M. J ; Calchi Novati, S ; Skottfelt, J ; Caldwell, J ; Kozłowski, S ; Kubas, D ; Gaudi, B. S ; Han, C ; Bennett, D. P ; An, J ; Abe, F ; Botzler, C. S ; Douchin, D ; Freeman, M ; Fukui, A ; Furusawa, K ; Hearnshaw, J.B ; Hosaka, S ; Itow, Y ; Kamiya, K ; Kilmartin, P. M ; Korpela, A ; Lin, W ; Ling, C. H ; Makita, S ; Masuda, K ; Matsubara, Y ; Miyake, N ; Muraki, Y ; Nagaya, M ; Nishimoto, K ; Ohnishi, K ; Okumura, T ; Perrott, Y. C ; Rattenbury, N ; Saito, T ; Sullivan, D. J ; Sumi, T ; Sweatman, W. L ; Tristram, P. J ; Von Seggern, E ; Yock, P. C. M ; Brillant, S ; Calitz, J. J ; Cassan, A ; Cole, A ; Cook, K ; Coutures, C ; Dominis Prester, D ; Donatowicz, J ; Greenhill, J ; Hoffman, M ; Jablonski, F ; Kane, S.R ; Kains, N ; Marquette, J.-B ; Martin, R ; Martioli, E ; Meintjes, P ; Menzies, J ; Pedretti, E ; Pollard, K ; Sahu, K.C ; Vinter, C ; Wambsganss, J ; Watson, R ; Williams, A ; Zub, M ; Allen, W ; Bolt, G ; Bos, M ; Depoy, D. L ; Drummond, J ; Eastman, J. D ; Gal-Yam, A ; Gorbikov, E ; Higgins, D ; Janczak, J ; Kaspi, S ; Lee, C. U ; Mallia, F ; Maury, A ; Monard, L. A. G ; Moorhouse, D ; Morgan, N ; Natusch, T ; Ofek, E. O ; Park, B. G ; Pogge, R. W ; Polishook, D ; Santallo, R ; Shporer, A ; Spector, O ; Thornley, G ; Yee, J. C ; Bozza, V ; Browne, P ; Dominik, M ; Dreizler, S ; Finet, F ; Glitrup, M ; Grundahl, F ; Harpsøe, K ; Hessman, F. V ; Hinse, T.C ; Hundertmark, M ; Jørgensen, U. G ; Liebig, C ; Maier, G ; Mancini, L ; Mathiasen, M ; Rahvar, S ; Ricci, D ; Scarpetta, G ; Southworth, J ; Surdej, J ; Zimmer, F ; Allan, A ; Bramich, D. M ; Snodgrass, C ; Steele, I. A ; Street, R. A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Abstract
    Aims. We report the discovery of a planet with a high planet-to-star mass ratio in the microlensing event MOA-2009-BLG-387, which exhibited pronounced deviations over a 12-day interval, one of the longest for any planetary event. The host is an M dwarf, with a mass in the range 0.07 M ⊙ < Mhost < 0.49 M1 at 90% confidence. The planet-star mass ratio q = 0.0132 ± 0.003 has been measured extremely well, so at the best-estimated host mass, the planet mass is mp = 2.6 Jupiter masses for the median host mass, M = 0.19 M ⊙. Methods. The host mass is determined from two "higher order" microlensing parameters. One of these, the angular Einstein radius θE = 0.31 ± 0.03 mas has been accurately... 

    LDMBL: An architecture for reducing code duplication in heavyweight binary instrumentations

    , Article Software - Practice and Experience ; Volume 48, Issue 9 , 2018 , Pages 1642-1659 ; 00380644 (ISSN) Momeni, B ; Kharrazi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    John Wiley and Sons Ltd  2018
    Abstract
    Emergence of instrumentation frameworks has vastly contributed to the software engineering practices. As the instrumentation use cases become more complex, complexity of instrumenting programs also increases, leading to a higher risk of software defects, increased development time, and decreased maintainability. In security applications such as symbolic execution and taint analysis, which need to instrument a large number of instruction types, this complexity is prominent. This paper presents an architecture based on the Pin binary instrumentation framework to abstract the low-level OS and hardware-dependent implementation details, facilitate code reuse in heavyweight instrumentation use... 

    Design and Analysis of an Actuating Robot to Employ Manual Endo-Wrist Laparoscopic Instruments in a Robotic Surgery System

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Moradi, Mohammad Mahdi (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Hoviattalab, Maryam (Co-Advisor)
    Abstract
    This research describes the design and analysis of an actuating robot to manipulate the disposable Endo-wrist robotic surgery instruments. Analyzing the mechanism of common manual Endo-wrist instruments, it was found that the rotations of handle of the instrument are transferred to its wrist using a snake-like element and four connecting cables. Based on this observation, a 2DOF parallel actuating robot was designed to rotate the instrument handle, in which the degrees of freedom are controlled by two linear spindle motors. The Inverse kinematic analysis of the manual instrument was performed by minimizing the potential energy of cables. Also the inverse kinematic solution of the actuating... 

    Design and Prototype of a Diagnostic Laparoscopic Instrument Capable of Measuring Characteristics of Living Tissues During Surgery

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology nazarinasab, Dariush (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    in laparoscopic surgeries, act zone tissues are not directly palpable for the surgeon. Therefore, evaluating the mechanical behavior of the tissue and distinguishing healthiness or illness of that, are not achievable for the surgeon. In this treatise, the matter of discerning the soft and bulky tissues mechanical properties by a robotic arm during the laparoscopic surgery, is regarded. In first step, a tool like a two finger miniature hand was designed in which either of fingers have utilized a parallelogram mechanism for opening and closing. The dimensional design of the mechanism was undertake in away that the tool has the ability of going through a 10mm diameter path and grabbling and... 

    Investing Parent’s Preferences on Quality and Quantity of Their Children: a Case Study of Iranian Society, from 1385 to 1390

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Demneh, Niloufar (Author) ; Fatemi Ardestani, Farshad (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    This thesis aims to the study of quality-quantity trade off in the family through investigating the effects of family size and birth order on their educational attainment. The latter has been chosen as a criteria for measuring the quality; to measure the effects of quantity we have used the twins for the instrumental variable as an endogenous shock in the family size to reduce bias that happens as a result of omitted variables bias and to measure the effect of family size on it’s quality more accurately. We have also used censored regression to eliminate the bias of student children in the sample.In addition to concentrating on the differences between children of different family sizes we... 

    The Role of Religion in the Human Encounter with Technology

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Kazemi, Reza (Author) ; Taqavi, Mostafa (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    In this thesis, with the help of a literature review in philosophy of technology including the writings of analytical philosophers, Marcuse, Feenberg & Heidegger & with the help of a definition of Religion provided by Roy Clouser & supplementing it with the additional condition of Non-naturalism, we have tried to develop an all-inclusive theory about the implications of religious beliefs for encountering and coming to a right relation with Technology and its essence in its different layers. For this, after we have obtained in the first chapter, the system of terms and concepts needed for a more precise discussion, from a literature review of the analytical philosophy of technology, in the... 

    Optimal in-home charge scheduling of plug-in electric vehicles incorporating customerメs payment and inconvenience costs

    , Article Power Systems ; Vol. 88, issue , 2014 , p. 301-326 ; ISSN: 16121287 Fotuhi-Firuzabad, M ; Shafiee, S ; Rastegar, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Abstract
    Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are identified as one of the motivating technologies in smart grid era. However, if their highly disruptive impacts on the distribution system are left unaddressed, it may obstruct both smart grid development and PEV adoption. This chapter develops a novel in-home PEV charging control (PCC) algorithm that schedules both the time and level of charging PEVs incorporating customerメs desired comfort level. This optimization-based problem attempts to achieve a trade-off between minimizing the electricity payment and minimizing the waiting time to fully charge the PEVs in presence of a time of use (TOU) pricing tariff combined with inclining block rates (IBRs). The... 

    An energy efficient refractive structure for energy concentration on PV cells

    , Article 2010 IEEE International Energy Conference and Exhibition, EnergyCon 2010, 18 December 2010 through 22 December 2010, Manama ; 2010 , Pages 648-651 ; 9781424493807 (ISBN) Kavehvash, Z ; Rajaii, M ; Birjandi, A. M ; Gholamrezaei, H ; Gholamrezaei, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    2010
    Abstract
    In this paper a novel refractive structure for increasing the performance of photovoltaic cells1 is proposed. This structure which is named back-to-back-Fresnel lens is similar to conventional Fresnel lens used for energy concentration on PV cells while comprising some superior features. Among these features is its thinness, just like Fresnel lens, and lower loss of energy and simpler structure and design compared to a Fresnel lens with similar properties. The proposed lens is experimentally tested with a PV cell while the obtained results confirm its superior features  

    A modular force-controlled robotic instrument for minimally invasive surgery – efficacy for being used in autonomous grasping against a variable pull force

    , Article International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery ; Volume 12, Issue 4 , 2016 , Pages 620-633 ; 14785951 (ISSN) Khadem, S. M ; Behzadipour, S ; Mirbagheri, A ; Farahmand, F ; Sharif University of Technology
    John Wiley and Sons Ltd 
    Abstract
    Background: Many deficiencies of minimally invasive robotic surgery systems can be eliminated by using automated laparoscopic tools with force measurement and control capability. Method: A fully modular, automated laparoscopic instrument with a proximal force sensory system was designed and fabricated. The efficacy of the instrument was evaluated experimentally when functioning in an autonomous force-controlled grasping scheme. Results: The designed instrument was shown to work easily with standard laparoscopic tools, with the whole distal part detachable for autoclave sterilization. The root mean squared error (RMSE) of the actual pinch force from the target ramp was 0.318 N; it was 0.402 N... 

    The advantages of using a lucky imaging camera for observations of microlensing events

    , Article Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ; Volume 458, Issue 3 , 2016 , Pages 3248-3259 ; 00358711 (ISSN) Sajadian, S ; Rahvar, S ; Dominik, M ; Hundertmark, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Oxford University Press  2016
    Abstract
    In this work, we study the advantages of using a Lucky Imaging camera for the observations of potential planetary microlensing events. Our aim is to reduce the blending effect and enhance exoplanet signals in binary lensing systems composed of an exoplanet and the corresponding parent star. We simulate planetary microlensing light curves based on present microlensing surveys and follow-up telescopes where one of them is equipped with a Lucky Imaging camera. This camera is used at the Danish 1.54-m follow-up telescope. Using a specific observational strategy, for an Earth-mass planet in the resonance regime, where the detection probability in crowded fields is smaller, Lucky Imaging... 

    Seawater desalination via waste heat recovery from generator of wind turbines: How economical is it to use a hybrid hdh-ro unit?

    , Article Sustainability (Switzerland) ; Volume 13, Issue 14 , 2021 ; 20711050 (ISSN) Rostamzadeh, H ; Rostami, S ; Amidpour, M ; He, W ; Han, D ; Sharif University of Technology
    MDPI AG  2021
    Abstract
    Over recent years, the concept of waste heat recovery from the generators of wind turbines for driving a thermal-driven desalination system was introduced, and its advantages were highlighted. However, any selection of a bottoming thermal-driven desalination system among different existing technologies should be taken under consideration before making an ultimate recommendation. Unfortunately, no comprehensive comparison is available in the literature to compare the performance as well as the cost aspects of using the waste thermal energy of the generator of a wind turbine for desalinating seawater, comparing them with those of a layout where the power of the wind turbine is directly... 

    Modelling of an ultrasonic motor based on hammerstein model structure

    , Article 8th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV), Kunming, 6 December 2004 through 9 December 2004 ; Volume 2 , 2004 , Pages 1374-1378 ; 0780386531 (ISBN) Bigdeli, N ; Haeri, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    2004
    Abstract
    Ultrasonic motors (USM) possess heavy nonlinear and load dependent characteristics of ultrasonic motors (USM) such as dead-zone and saturation reverse effects, which vary with driving conditions. In this paper, behaviour of an ultrasonic motor is modelled using Hammerstein model structure and experimental measurements. Simulation results show the good matching between the developed model and experimental measurements. © 2004 IEEE  

    Audio segmentation and classification based on a selective analysis scheme

    , Article Proceedings - 10th International Multimedia Modelling Conference, MMM 2004, Brisbana, 5 January 2004 through 7 January 2004 ; 2004 , Pages 42-48 ; 0769520847 (ISBN); 9780769520841 (ISBN) Ghaemmaghami, S ; Sharif University of Technology
    2004
    Abstract
    This paper addresses a new approach to segmentation and classification of audio through analysis of a smaller set of selective frames, which are identified by temporal decomposition (TD). These frames are located at the most steady instants, or event centroids, within a given block of the signal, which yield the maximal diversity over the set of selected features. Based on this selection scheme, the number of frames used in the analysis is reduced by at least 40%, while the temporal resolution is doubled as compared to that in typical audio classifiers. By constructing a classification system to segment audio into speech, music, speech-music, and others, it is shown that the proposed method...