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Deregulation in power systems has created new uncertainties and increased the previous ones. The presence of these uncertainties, high investment costs, and long period investment return cause the transmission network to remain monopoly and the private investors not being interested in investing in this section. This paper presents a new approach for transmission expansion planning (TEP) in order to maximize private investment absorption. The robust optimization method is used to model the inherent uncertainties associated with the estimated investment cost of candidate lines and the forecasted system load. The genetic algorithm (GA) is, also, utilized as the methodology to solve the... 

One concern of many investors is to own the assets which can be liquidated easily. Thus, in this paper, we incorporate portfolio liquidity in our proposed model. Liquidity is measured by an index called turnover rate. Since the return of an asset is uncertain, we present it as a trapezoidal fuzzy number and its turnover rate is measured by fuzzy credibility theory. The desired portfolio turnover rate is controlled through a fuzzy chance constraint. Furthermore, to manage the portfolios with asymmetric investment return, other than mean and variance, we also utilize the third central moment, the skewness of portfolio return. In fact, we propose a fuzzy portfolio mean-variance-skewness model... 

The rising cost of energy and the global warming in recent years have highlighted the need of more advanced systems with higher efficiency and less gas emissions. Consequently, plenty of researches have done on waste heat recovery and renewable sources of energy recently. The target of the present research is feasibility study of heat recovery in automobiles' paint ovens and designing an efficient system to use the lost energy. Research has been carried out on the theory, evaluating the amount of lost and available energy through Thermodynamics and heat transfer principle and choosing applicable design and construction of heat exchanger, especially for their use in ovens for energy recovery,...