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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term used to describe the mixture of geometric isomers of linoleic acid which has several beneficial biological effects. Considering the use of CLA for medicinal of nutraceutical purposes, an isomer-selective and safe process is required. The introduction of biological reactions to CLA production will solve this problems. Nowadays, CLA is produced through chemical isomerization of linoleic acid which results in by-production of unexpected isomers. From this point of view biotechnology methods and producing microorganisms implementation have gained lots of attention because of not producing unwanted bypass products and also being natural method.... 

Probiotics are defined as essential live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. In order to provide health benefits for probiotic bacteria it has been recommended that they must be present at a minimum level of 106 CFU/g of food product or 107 CFU/g at point of delivery or be eaten in sufficient amounts to yield a daily intake of 108 CFU. Several studies have shown that certain strain of lactic acid bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus prevent some diseases linked to the gastro-intestinal tract. however, many reports have demonstrated their poor survival and stability. Their survival in the...