Sharif Digital Repository

Laminated composites are made using different routes, including adhesive bonding. In this investigation, Aluminum layers are bonded together using epoxy adhesive (neat, rubber-modified and filled-epoxy). In phase one of this investigation, the influence of number of layers and adhesive ductility have been studied on dynamic behavior of composites. The results of impact behavior of laminates indicate that the impact energy increases with the number of layers. Also, it can be concluded that there is much more sensitivity of the impact energy of the composite to the number of the layers than that to the adhesive composition. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved  

Effective and efficient methods in computational mechanics have been of interest for the designers and engineers in the last decade. A 3D super elements is developed and implemented for the free vibration analysis of the composite plates. These new elements have been constructed by a 2D super elements in the plane direction and p-version finite element in the thickness direction. Results of 2D super elements are comparable to SHELL 63 and results of 3D super elements with cubic polynomial are comparable to SHELL 93. In the thin plates, 2D super element (or SHELL 63) and 3D super elements (or SHELL 93) have same results, but in the thick plates results change drastically. Natural frequencies... 

Vibration characteristics of laminated composite beams with magnetorheological (MR) layer are investigated using layerwise theory. In most studies, shear strain across the thickness of MR layer has been considered as a constant value, which does not precisely describe the shear strain. In this study, layerwise theory is employed to develop a finite element formulation to investigate MR-laminated beams. Experimental tests under different magnetic fields are carried out to verify the numerical results. Layerwise numerical results are compared with the experimental results and other theories. An empirical expression for complex shear modulus is presented. The effects of MR layer thickness on... 

In the present study, an analytical solution is proposed to determine the interlaminar stresses in long symmetric laminated composite plates subjected to shearing loads. An improved first-order shear deformation theory (IFSDT) and a simplified IFSDT (SIFSDT) are utilized to calculate the unknown constants appearing in the reduced elasticity displacement field which actually demonstrate the global deformations of the plate. Then the numerical values of the interlaminar normal and shear stresses are established through the laminates by using Reddy's layerwise theory. Finally, several numerical examples are presented to study the interlaminar stresses in the interfaces of the layers and through... 

In this paper, a new finite element model for a generally laminated composite beam (LCB) is presented. Natural frequencies of a generally LCB are derived by developing the stiffness and mass matrices considering the effects of axial force, shear and torsional deformations and rotary inertia. This model includes coupling of bending and torsional modes of deformations which is usually present in LCBs due to ply orientation. The model is designed in such away that it can be used for single and double stepped crosssection. Comparing numerical results for simple cases with analytical solutions and literature indicate high accurate and quick response of the model. Copyright © 2006 by ASME  

In this paper, free vibration analysis of laminated composite plates is carried out using first shear deformation theory and finite element method. Effect of axial tension and compression forces on the natural frequencies of the structure is investigated. Applying elastic foundation under the laminated composite plates has enabled us to achieve desired frequencies. The displacements are based C0 - nine plate bending element and each node has three degree of freedom. The equations of motion are derived using Hamilton's principle. Results indicate the tension forces will increase the natural frequency while the compression force reduces the natural frequency. The buckling force of plate is... 

In this article, the edge-zone equation of Mindlin-Reissner plate theory, for composite plates laminated of transversely isotropic layers is studied. Analytical solutions are obtained for both circular sector and completely circular plates with various boundary conditions. The boundary-layer function and its effect on the stresses are numerically studied. Effects of plate thickness and boundary conditions are investigated. The results for circular and completely circular plates are exactly the same as those of rectangular plates in our previous work. Therefore, this boundary layer phenomenon seems to be geometry independent. © Springer-Verlag 2000  

In this study friction stir welding of Al-Cu laminated composites were carried out by two different tool geometries. Welding procedure was carried out from both sides of Al and Cu. Analyzing cross section of welds showed that different contact conditions between shoulder and material, offers different material flow behavior which is dependent on the tool geometry. SEM analyses showed that mixing of materials in nugget region is more pronounced in the advancing side. Also XRD results indicated that welding from Cu side, leads to intermetallic formation in mixed regions  

The use of micromechanical models to study composite material's behavior leads to save time and cost. In this paper, bridging micromechanical models have been used in order to observe the behavior of unidirectional laminate composite under fatigue loading. In order to study the fatigue behavior, stiffness degradation has been studied as well as the strength degradation and a driftnet model has been proposed for each of them. The strength degradation has only been studied for the unidirectional fiber, while the stiffness degradation has been studied for the fibers with different fiber angle. The results are compared with macro-mechanical models and other methods in literature  

This article presents a multi-scale progressive micro-mechanical fatigue model. The model employs fundamental equation of the kinetic theory of fracture to calculate damage parameters of both fiber and matrix during cyclic loading. In order to adapt the equation, required material coefficients of the constituents can be achieved from fatigue test results of longitudinal and transverse unidirectional composites, only. Sharing stress capacities of fiber and matrix are determined using a modified progressive micro-mechanical bridging model in the presence of damage. The damage parameters in the constituents are calculated employing two different equivalent scalars. However, during sinusoidal... 

The effect of the layer in contact with tool (Al or Cu) and the depth of plunge on friction stir butt welding of Al-Cu bilayer laminated composites produced by cold roll welding were studied. The measurement of weld cross sections and variations of the axial load and torque during welding process showed that material flow is influenced by the material which is in contact with the shoulder. Being Al layer in contact with the shoulder led to higher force and torque during welding, and a defect-free weld could be obtained in this manner. By welding from Cu side, a higher plunge depth was needed to develop enough force and torque and thereby a defect-free weld. The amount of material swept by... 

Laminated composite beams with variable thickness are being widely used in many engineering applications. To enhance the dynamic behavior of structures subject to random loading, tapered laminated beams incorporated with magnetorheological (MR) fluids (MR-tapered beam) are proposed. A finite element model has been developed for random vibration analysis of MR-tapered beam based on layerwise displacement theory. The effects of thickness ratios of tapered beam, magnetic fields, statistical properties, correlation and autocorrelation on dynamic behaviors of structures have been investigated. The proposed structural element significantly enhances the dynamic response of MR-tapered beam under... 

Laminated composite beams with variable thickness are being widely used in many engineering applications. To enhance the dynamic behavior of structures subject to random loading, tapered laminated beams incorporated with magnetorheological (MR) fluids (MR-tapered beam) are proposed. A finite element model has been developed for random vibration analysis of MR-tapered beam based on layerwise displacement theory. The effects of thickness ratios of tapered beam, magnetic fields, statistical properties, correlation and autocorrelation on dynamic behaviors of structures have been investigated. The proposed structural element significantly enhances the dynamic response of MR-tapered beam under... 

A unified solution is presented for the buckling analysis of rectangular laminated composite plates with elastically restrained edges. The plate is subjected to biaxial in-plane compression, and the boundary conditions are simulated by employing uniform distribution of linear and rotational springs at all edges. The critical values of buckling loads and corresponding modes are calculated based on classical lamination theory and using the Ritz method. The deflection function is defined based on simple polynomials without any auxiliary function. The verifications of the current study are carried out with available combinations of classic boundary conditions in the literature. Through... 

This paper presents a new model for simulating delamination growth in composites in presence of the resistance curve (R-curve) effects. This model is extended from the interface thick level set (ITLS) method which is developed recently. In this approach the common definition of damage in the constitutive relationship of the interface elements is replaced with a new damage definition based on the thick level set (TLS) method. This new damage definition provides a direct link between fracture and damage mechanics that allows use of interface elements without a predefined cohesive law. In this paper the ITLS method is adopted to incorporate the R-curve effects caused by extended bridging, in... 

Probabilistic thermal buckling analysis of composite plates with temperature-dependent properties under stochastic thermal fields is performed by developing a new temperature increment-based algorithm for solving the stochastic nonlinear equation. The temperature distribution is assumed to be a stochastic Gaussian field which leads to spatially varying stochastic mechanical properties. The stochastic thermal field is decomposed by applying the Karhunen–Loeve theorem. The combination of stochastic assumed mode method and polynomial chaos is proposed as an alternative solution for the time-consuming stochastic finite element method. The uncertainty of the critical temperature is studied by... 

Design and application of superelements in efficient prediction of the structural behavior in a short time has been one of the research interests in the last decade. Superelements are those elements which are capable of producing the same accurate result instead of several combined simple elements. In this paper a new 16-node cylindrical superelement is presented. Static and modal analyses of laminated hollow cylinders subjected to various kinds of loadings and boundary conditions are performed using this element. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate and validate the developed method. The accuracy of the results is evident from comparison of the findings with exact solution method... 

In this paper, the free vibration analysis of generally laminated composite beam (LCB) based on Timoshenko beam theory are presented using the method of Lagrange multipliers where in the free vibration problem is posed as a constrained variational problem. The effect of material couplings (bending-tension, bending-twist, and tension-twist couplings) with the effects of shear deformation, rotary inertia and Poisson's effect are taken into account. Analytical expression for the natural frequencies and mode shapes are presented. The calculated natural frequencies are verified against some available results in the literature and very good agreement is observed. Furthermore, the effects of some...