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Characterizing the effect of traffic density on ambient CO, NO2, and PM2.5 in Tehran, Iran: an hourly land-use regression model
, Article Transportation Letters ; 2017 , Pages 1-11 ; 19427867 (ISSN) ; Jamshidi, H ; Samimi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Economic development and population growth in Tehran has increased demand for goods movement and road transportation. This trend has increased mobile source emissions and citizens’ exposure, imposing severe health risks. We used the framework of Land-Use Regression models to quantify the effect of real-time traffic, within buffer distance, on hourly exposure of CO, NO2, and PM2.5. Effect of residential, industrial, and governmental land-use in addition to the effect of pollution sources, such as construction sites and airport were assessed on air pollution. Meteorological variables were also employed to adjust between day variations. R-squared of the models were 38, 27, and 38% for CO, NO2,...
Characterizing the effect of traffic density on ambient CO, NO2, and PM2.5 in Tehran, Iran: an hourly land-use regression model
, Article Transportation Letters ; Volume 11, Issue 8 , 2019 , Pages 436-446 ; 19427867 (ISSN) ; Jamshidi, H ; Samimi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2019
Abstract
Economic development and population growth in Tehran has increased demand for goods movement and road transportation. This trend has increased mobile source emissions and citizens’ exposure, imposing severe health risks. We used the framework of Land-Use Regression models to quantify the effect of real-time traffic, within buffer distance, on hourly exposure of CO, NO2, and PM2.5. Effect of residential, industrial, and governmental land-use in addition to the effect of pollution sources, such as construction sites and airport were assessed on air pollution. Meteorological variables were also employed to adjust between day variations. R-squared of the models were 38, 27, and 38% for CO, NO2,...
Evaluation of optimal occasional tilt on photovoltaic power plant energy efficiency and land use requirements, Iran
, Article Sustainability (Switzerland) ; Volume 13, Issue 18 , 2021 ; 20711050 (ISSN) ; Bararzadeh Ledari, M ; Saboohi, Y ; Sharif University of Technology
MDPI
2021
Abstract
The paper studies the optimum panel horizontal orientation angle toward the Sun and the optimum time interval of the panel’s movement. The optimum time intervals or panel movement can change the rate of input energy to the panel surface in Iran. For this purpose, a neural network has been trained to estimate the intensity of solar radiation in Iran. After model validation, the intensity of solar radiation has been estimated by selecting adequate geographical regions. Based on the intensity of sunlight, Iran has been divided into ten regions. In these regions, 40 cities have been randomly selected to study the effect of the panel’s angle variations within appropriate time inter-vals, as well...
Hierarchal assessment of noise pollution in urban areas - A case study
, Article Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment ; Volume 34 , January , 2015 , Pages 95-103 ; 13619209 (ISSN) ; Karimi, E ; Nassiri, P ; Monazzam, M. R ; Taghavi, L ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
Noise pollution in urban areas has many harmful effects on the citizens. There are varieties of noise generation sources of which the traffic noise could be a major source. The point which is perhaps less noticed is that sound level is not the only parameter to indicate the extent and intensity of noise pollution. Situation of urban land uses, distribution of population centers and types of passages can deeply affect the concern on this environmental issue but not with a similar ratio. This article presents an overlaying technique to define noise prone areas using all different factors involved. A case study was carried out in the District 14 of Tehran Metropolitan City where there are busy...
How are children accompanied to school?
, Article Journal of Urban Planning and Development ; Volume 142, Issue 3 , 2016 ; 07339488 (ISSN) ; Samimi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Abstract
A growing number of parents accompany their children to and from school, to make sure they travel with the best care and minimum stress. Policies that aim at promoting nonmotorized modes of transportation or at least discouraging auto driving solely for the purpose of picking up or dropping off the kids may not be successful in practice unless primary concerns of parents are treated appropriately. School escorting decisions need to be investigated, as a decreasing trend in students' travel freedom also decreases the tendency toward the use of active modes of travel, complicates intrahousehold activities that need to be considered in travel demand models, and increases externalities (e.g.,...
An Integrated Land-Use and Transportation Model for the Evaluation of Urban Development Decisions
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Poorzahedy, Hossain (Supervisor)
Abstract
Land-use and transportation are inter-related, such that land-use may be used to control transportation. This study aims to design a suitable combination of the residential and service land-use on one side, and the transportation system on the other side. The model presented in this study has two external and internal levels, and its objective is to minimize the cost of residence, receiving goods and services, and transportation. The performance of any combination of spatial allocation of population and employment, as well as transportation, is evaluated by the internal level of the model which determines the interaction between population, employment, and transportation. This is done by a...
On The Interaction Between Location-Allocation of Population-Employment and Transportation Based on Living Costs
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Poorzahedy, Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
This study is an endeavor to model the interaction between transportation and land use, as a constituent of a joint land use-network design problem defined in the context of transit oriented development (TOD). Population and employment follow a Garin-Lowry model; the endogenously determined transportation demand is administered by a joint mode choice-assignment model; and mode choice is governed by a logit model. Equilibrium of population choice of place of residence, employment choice of place of retailing, and passenger choice of mode and path, are all governed by a maximum utility principle. An algorithm is devised to reach these equilibrium states by an evolutionary process, whose engine...
A Systems Approach Towards Sustainable Development of Airport Cities, Using Design Structure Matrix (DSM) and Queuing Theory
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Malaek, Mohammad Bagher (Supervisor)
Abstract
The objective of this research is to develop a mathematical model for analysis and design of airport cities. In this model, the interactions among the elements of an airport city -regarded as a complex system- will be analyzed, and the impact of the stakeholders’ requirements on the functional and physical architecture of the airport city will be investigated. So as the first step, the stakeholders of the system and their requirements are identified and classified. Second, the concept of operation of the airport city is investigated, and then the architecture of the system is modeled as a queuing network. So that each element of the airport city is regarded as a service center, including the...
Estimating activity patterns using spatio-temporal data of cellphone networks
, Article MATEC Web of Conferences, 6 July 2016 through 10 July 2016 ; Volume 81 , 2016 ; 2261236X (ISSN) ; Shafahi, Y ; Sharif University of Technology
EDP Sciences
2016
Abstract
The tendency towards using activity-based models to predict trip demand has increased dramatically over recent years, but these models have suffered insufficient data for calibration. This paper discusses ways to process the cellphone spatio-temporal data in a manner that makes it comprehensible for traffic interpretations and proposes methods on how to infer urban mobility and activity patterns from the aforementioned data. Movements of each subscriber is described by a sequence of stays and trips and each stay is labeled by an activity. The type of activities are estimated using features such as land use, duration of stay, frequency of visit, arrival time to that activity and its distance...
A novel public-private-people partnership framework in regeneration of old urban neighborhoods in Iran
, Article Land Use Policy ; Volume 109 , 2021 ; 02648377 (ISSN) ; Jafari, M. A ; Shabanlou, M ; Meghdadi, Z ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
Urban area regeneration is a matter of every municipality over time. Regeneration projects are usually cost-intensive and directly affect many vulnerable members of society. Public-private-people partnership (PPPP) is one of the adopted methods by various municipalities in these projects. Multiple players with different backgrounds and uncertainties involved complicate the development process of PPPP projects. A carefully designed framework is required to successfully deliver these projects. This research develops a holistic PPPP framework for the old urban neighborhood regeneration projects in Iran. The collective experience of urban area regeneration projects from the literature and field...
Solving an Integarted Land-Use and Transportation Problem with Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Poorzahedy, Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Land use and transportation are interrelated, and as a result in cities’ development plans, there is a need for a model that can consider both of them simultaneously. The model presented in this study is bi-level. The upper level designs the zonal population and employment, and transportation network link capacities. Its objective is to minimize the total cost of residence, receiving goods and services, and transportation. The lower level consists of two inter-related problems. One of these problems determines the allocation of population and employment and the other obtains link flows by a joint bi-modal mode choice assignment model. This study aims to develop a meta-heuristic algorithm to...
The Effect of Land Use Change on Water Cycle in Forested and Deforested Areas in Australia
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghim, Sanaz (Supervisor)
Abstract
Forested areas can cause positive impacts on ecosystems and water supply for agriculture, electricity generation, industry, and human. On the other hand, large-scale deforestation affects the water and energy budget on a regional and global scale. Considering the importance of this issue, this study evaluates the impact of land use and land cover changes (LULC) on the water cycle components, including precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff, and hydroclimatic variables such as soil moisture, air temperature, soil temperature, and sensible heat flux in southeastern Australia using an ecosystem model called Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS). For this purpose, a two-year time span with...
Sediment yield in the Daryacheh-Namak drainage basin, Iran, and its relation to land-use changes
, Article IAHS-AISH Publication, 11 July 2007 through 13 July 2007, Perugia ; Issue 314 , 2007 , Pages 306-311 ; 01447815 (ISSN) ; 9781901502145 (ISBN) ; Mohammadi, A ; Zakikhani, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2007
Abstract
Monthly and annual variations in sediment yield during a 24-year period were analysed for 10 sub-catchments in the Daryacheh-Namak drainage basin, Iran. Highest specific suspended sediment yields were recorded at Razin and the lowest at Solan, reflecting large land-use changes in the former, and the presence of relatively resistant formations in thelatter sub-catchment. Highest sediment yields were observed in the months of April, March, May and November, and the lowest in September and August. At almost all stations, the highest sediment yield occurs in the spring, reflecting higher rainfall in that season. Copyright © 2007 IAHS Press
Land use regression models for Alkylbenzenes in a middle eastern megacity: Tehran study of exposure prediction for environmental health research (tehran sepehr)
, Article Environmental Science and Technology ; Volume 51, Issue 15 , 2017 , Pages 8481-8490 ; 0013936X (ISSN) ; Schindler, C ; Hosseini, V ; Yunesian, M ; Künzli, N ; Sharif University of Technology
American Chemical Society
2017
Abstract
Land use regression (LUR) has not been applied thus far to ambient alkylbenzenes in highly polluted megacities. We advanced LUR models for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene (BTEX), and total BTEX using measurement based estimates of annual means at 179 sites in Tehran megacity, Iran. Overall, 520 predictors were evaluated, such as The Weather Research and Forecasting Model meteorology predictions, emission inventory, and several new others. The final models with R2 values ranging from 0.64 for p-xylene to 0.70 for benzene were mainly driven by traffic-related variables but the proximity to sewage treatment plants was present in all models indicating a major local...
A Land Use-Transportation Model with Optimal Strategy Algorithm for Evaluating Transit-Oriented Development Decisions
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Pourzahedi, Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
There is a two-way relationship between land use and transportation. So each of them can be used to manage and control the other one. Land use can be Auto-Oriented, or Transit-Oriented. Auto-Oriented Development leads to urban sprawl, causing longer trips and increasing use of private cars. Problems related to this type of development appeared by the end of the 20th century. On the other hand, Transit-Oriented Development may lead to higher density areas, and higher transit use, providing better space for pedestrians and cyclists, as well as increasing environmental pollutions. Land use-transportation relationship hs been the subject of many recent studies. One of the previous models...
Characterization of Urban Stormwater-borne Solids in Tehran Metropolitan City, Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Tajrishy, Massoud (Supervisor)
Abstract
Stormwater-borne solids are a major contributor to water quality degradation. A large portion of water quality impaired surface waters is located in urban areas and stormwater runoff is a major source of contamination. Sediments have been identified as the most widespread pollutant in urban river and streams. Water quality of urban streams in Tehran was characterized by determining the PSD, total phosphorus (TP), orthophosphate, NO3, NO2, NH3, TSS, TDS, heavy metals and turbidity in six storm events and base flow. A total of 45 road-deposited sediment (RDS) samples were collected from three different land-use types (residential, intense traffic and educational) in Tehran for characterization...
Ranking of hazardous road locations in two-lane two-way Rural roads with no crash record
, Article ATRF 2011 - 34th Australasian Transport Research Forum ; 2014 ; Mesbah, M ; Sobhani, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Crash data availability is a significant requirement for identifying hazardous roads. However, for roads with poor data sets or no crash record, a method is needed to find and rank road segments independent of the crash records. In this paper, an auditing based methodology is proposed to determine the hazardous locations. A Rural road is investigated by decomposing it first into six elements, and then into safety factors corresponding to each element. The elements are: straight segments, horizontal and vertical curves, bridges, tunnels, merges and intersections, and side road land use. The relative contribution of the elements to the safety of a road segment is determined using the...
Integrated approach for land use suitability analysis
, Article International Agrophysics ; Volume 25, Issue 4 , 2011 , Pages 311-318 ; 02368722 (ISSN) ; Mahiny, A. S ; Arjmandy, R ; Naimi, B ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
An integrated fuzzy spatial multi-criteria evaluation and analytic hierarchy process within a GIS was applied to assess the land use suitability for agriculture in Golestan province, Iran. In this way, a type of multi-criteria evaluation method called weighted linear combination in a spatial domain was employed to incorporate six factors and three constraining criteria into the evaluation of land use suitability for agriculture. A fuzzy set methodology was used to calculate values of a membership function of each factor. The relative importance weights of factors were estimated using analytic hierarchy proces. The application of the presented approach in Golestan province indicated that the...
Quantitative risk assessment to site CNG refuelling stations
, Article Chemical Engineering Transactions ; Volume 19 , 2010 , Pages 255-260 ; 19749791 (ISSN) ; 9788895608112 (ISBN) ; Nourai, F ; Rashtchian, D ; Sharif University of Technology
Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC
2010
Abstract
This study considers the application of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) on the siting of compressed natural gas (CNG) stations and determining nearby land use limitations. In such cases the most important consideration is to be assured that the proposed site would not be incompatible with existing land uses in the vicinity. It is possible by the categorization of the estimated levels of individual risk (IR) which the proposed site would impose upon them. An analysis of the consequences and likelihood of credible accident scenarios coupled with acceptable risk criteria is then undertaken. This enables the IR aspects of the proposed site to be considered at an early stage to allow prompt...
The power of environmental observatories for advancing multidisciplinary research, outreach, and decision support: the case of the minnesota river basin
, Article Water Resources Research ; Volume 55, Issue 4 , 2019 , Pages 3576-3592 ; 00431397 (ISSN) ; Dolph, C ; Baker, A ; Bevis, M ; Cho, S. J ; Czuba, J. A ; Dalzell, B ; Danesh Yazdi, M ; Hansen, A. T ; Kelly, S ; Lang, Z ; Schwenk, J ; Belmont, P ; Finlay, J. C ; Kumar, P ; Rabotyagov, S ; Roehrig, G ; Wilcock, P ; Foufoula Georgiou, E ; Sharif University of Technology
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
2019
Abstract
Observatory-scale data collection efforts allow unprecedented opportunities for integrative, multidisciplinary investigations in large, complex watersheds, which can affect management decisions and policy. Through the National Science Foundation-funded REACH (REsilience under Accelerated CHange) project, in collaboration with the Intensively Managed Landscapes-Critical Zone Observatory, we have collected a series of multidisciplinary data sets throughout the Minnesota River Basin in south-central Minnesota, USA, a 43,400-km2 tributary to the Upper Mississippi River. Postglacial incision within the Minnesota River valley created an erosional landscape highly responsive to hydrologic change,...