Sharif Digital Repository

Almost all of the heavy oil reservoirs contain discontinuous permeability barriers (shales) with different structures. However, the effect of shaly layer geometrical characteristics including: spacing from wells, discontinuity, orientation, shaly layers' spacing and length, and heterogeneous distribution on oil recovery factor in the presence of gravity force are not well understood. In this work, a series of solvent injection experiments were conducted on various vertical one-quarter five-spot glass micromodels, containing barriers, which were initially saturated with a heavy oil sample. The oil recovery was measured by analysis of the pictures provided continuously during the injection... 

The distribution of water fluxes is strongly influenced by the properties of the media adjacent to the cathode catalyst layer (CCL), viz. polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) and gas diffusion media (GDM). We propose a model that is applied under varying humidification of the cathode feed gas, with water removal in liquid and vapor form. The model warrants the definition of a critical current density up to which water removal out of the CCL could proceed completely via vapor diffusion to the cathode side. Above the critical current density, excessive water generation leads to the build-up of an excess liquid pressure in the CCL, which drives hydraulic fluxes to PEM and GDM sides. Experimental... 

A new technique for the laminar-turbulent intermittency measurement based on the surface hot-film data is presented. The existing techniques require data acquired from the calibrated hot-films which leads to the real wall shear stress values. However, calibration of the hot-films is usually very complex. In the proposed method, a technique based on the probability distribution function (PDF) of the acquired data using the uncalibrated hot-film sensors is presented and evaluated. The PDF is prepared for a reduced form of the quasi-wall shear stress value instead of the real shear stress value one. This leads to a standard normal distribution curve for the PDF in the turbulent flow region and...