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Atherosclerosis is one of the most important and common causes of death in the world. Atherosclerosis typically affects medium and large arteries in the body and it leads to plaque formation in arterial wall. The first stage of plaque formation has been related to accumulation of low density lipoproteins in arterial wall.
The purpose of this research is presenting a four-layer model to describe the LDL transport in the arterial wall. The endothelium, intima, internal elastic lamina (IEL) and media are all treated as macroscopically homogeneous porous media and the volume-averaged porous media equations are employed to model various layers. The physiological parameters within the various... 

In this thesis, hemodynamic parameters of flow and deposition of low density lipoproteins (LDL) on wall of coronary arteries with taking into account their curvature on the heart are studied. At first, numerical solution of the blood flow by assumption of blood as incompressible and Newtonian fluid for steady and pulsatile inlet is done. Then by assuming LDL particles as dilute solute in the blood, LDL transport from artery lumen into arterial wall is studied. LDL accumulation and penetration into the vessel wall cause thickening of the walls and eventually eclipse it and its known as the first stage of atherosclerosis disease. The results show that low shear region occurs on inner wall... 

Heart attack is considered as one of the most common reasons of morality all over the world. Coronary Atherosclerosis is known as the major causes of heart attack. The commence and proceed of this disease is related to cross of Low Density Lipoprotein. In this project, based on numerical simulation using ANSYS Fluent, hemodynamic variables and the rate of LDL particles penetration to porous wall of coronary artery is investgated. The geometry is the first bifurcation of Left Anterior Descending and is located on the supposed sphere that represents heart configuration. Sinsuidal variations of shere radii, simulates pulsating movement of heart. Heart diameter is supposed to remain constant... 

Due to increased atherosclerosis-caused mortality, identification of its genesis and development is of great importance. Although, key factors of the origin of the disease is still unknown, it is widely believed that cholesterol particle penetration and accumulation in arterial wall is mainly responsible for further wall thickening and decreased rate of blood flow during a gradual progression. To date, various effective components are recognized whose simultaneous consideration would lead to a more accurate approximation of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) distribution within the wall. In this research, a multilayer Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) model is studied to simulate the penetration... 

Atherosclerosis, due to the penetration of low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL) into the arterial wall, is one of the most common and death-leading diseases in today's world. Due to its importance, extensive research has been conducted on the factors that affect this disease. In this thesis, a numerical study of the effects of Wall Shear Stress (WSS), non-Newtonian behavior of blood, different hematocrit values, and blood pressure on LDL permeation through the artery wall layers are investigated in a 4-layer wall model of a coronary bifurcation. To obtain the velocity and concentration fields in the domain, momentum, Brinkman, and mass transport equations are solved in the lumen and wall... 

Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases are among the most prevalent cause of death worldwide. Besides, atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease happening with the continuous narrowing of vessels, especially medium and large-sized arteries. Moreover, the human aorta is vulnerable to this phenomenon. Atherosclerosis happens when the excess LDL in the blood flow penetrates the arterial wall. Then, the LDL is oxidized, thereby recruiting monocytes as the response against oxidized LDL. After monocytes enter the arterial wall, they differentiate and become macrophages. Macrophages then transform into foam cells by ingesting the oxidized LDL. The fatty foam cells are eventually responsible for the... 

Atherosclerosis is a vascular disorder caused by inflammation of the arterial wall. This inflammation leads to the accumulations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, monocytes, macrophages and fat-laden foam cells at the site of inflammation, often referred to as plaque formation. This work uses a mathematical model for simulating the deposition of atheroma plaque in coronary arteries. In this study, the effect of time average wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), non-Newtonian characteristics of blood and variable hematocrit values on the occurrence of atherosclerosis in a three-dimensional coronary artery was numerically investigated. Simulations was conducted... 

In this thesis, the effect of heart dynamic motion and pulsatile inflow on blood hemodynamics and LDL permeation into the arterial wall in a 3-D coronary artery bifurcation was investigated. To determine the effect of each factor alone and simultaneous effect of both factors i.e. heart dynamic motion and pulsatile inflow, flow simulations were performed in four cases i.e. steady-static, steady-dynamic, pulsatile-static, and pulsatile-dynamic. The results of flow simulations showed that dynamic geometry and pulsatile inflow have considerable impact on temporal variations of wall shear stress (WSS), even though the effect of pulsatile inflow on WSS variation dominates over the effect of...