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This chapter presents the optimal switch deployment in distribution systems. First, an explanation regarding different types of switches and their functionality is introduced. Then, a fundamental description of fault management procedure in distribution networks is presented. Thereafter, the mathematical formulation of optimal fault management process is described. Optimal switch deployment problem is formulated in the format of mixed integer programming (MIP). The impact of remote controlled switch (RCS) and manual switch (MS) is scrutinized on the interruption cost once they are installed either individually or simultaneously. The concept of switch malfunctions is explained and the... 

Sectionalizing switches (SSs) are often presumed to function fully reliable. However, SSs are exposed to have some malfunctions, whereby undermining their ability to improve service reliability. This study presents a model to integrate SS malfunction probability into SS placement problem. The model aims to minimize the total SSs costs as well as customers interruption cost. The proposed model is formulated in mixed integer programing (MIP), which can be easily solved via several available solvers and gain global optimal solution. The proposed model indicates the extent to which the placement problem is affected by uncertainty associated with SSs functionality, and how not considering SSs... 

Sectionalizing switches (SSs) are often presumed to function fully reliable. However, SSs are exposed to have some malfunctions, whereby undermining their ability to improve service reliability. This paper presents a model to integrate SS malfunction probability into SS placement problem. The model aims to minimize the total SSs costs as well as customers interruption cost. The proposed model is formulated in mixed integer programing, which can be easily solved via several available solvers and gain global optimal solution. The proposed model indicates the extent to which the placement problem is affected by uncertainty associated with SSs functionality, and how not considering SSs... 

Sectionalizing switches (SSs) are often presumed to function fully reliable. However, SSs are exposed to have some malfunctions, whereby undermining their ability to improve service reliability. This paper presents a model to integrate SS malfunction probability into SS placement problem. The model aims to minimize the total SSs costs as well as customers interruption cost. The proposed model is formulated in mixed integer programing, which can be easily solved via several available solvers and gain global optimal solution. The proposed model indicates the extent to which the placement problem is affected by uncertainty associated with SSs functionality, and how not considering SSs... 

Automation systems provide substantial improvement in service reliability through speeding up fault management procedure. However, this is at expense of high investments whose justification needs thorough cost/worth analyses. This paper introduces a mathematical model to optimally place automation system devices within distribution networks. The model establishes a trade-off between service reliability improvements and the relevant costs. Among different automation system devices, fault indicators and remote controlled switches are considered here. Also, the impact of manual switches is regarded since their number and location significantly affect the solution of the placement problem. The... 

Automation systems provide substantial improvement in service reliability through speeding up fault management procedure. However, this is at expense of high investments whose justification needs thorough cost/worth analyses. This paper introduces a mathematical model to optimally place automation system devices within distribution networks. The model establishes a trade-off between service reliability improvements and the relevant costs. Among different automation system devices, fault indicators and remote controlled switches are considered here. Also, the impact of manual switches is regarded since their number and location significantly affect the solution of the placement problem. The... 

Smart energy systems can mitigate electric interruption costs provoked by manifold disruptive events via making efforts toward proper pre-disturbance preparation and optimal post-disturbance restoration. In this context, effective contingency management in power distribution networks calls for contemplating disparate parameters from interconnected electric and transportation systems. This chapter, while considering transportation issues in power networks’ field operations, presents a navigation system for pre-positioning resources such as field crews and reconfiguring the network to acquire a more robust configuration in advance of the imminent catastrophe. Also, after the occurrence of the... 

Sectionalizing switches (SSs) are installed in distribution networks to provide ring and maneuver points, thereby increasing service reliability. These switches are either manual switches (MSs) or remote controlled switches (RCSs). The switches are usually assumed to be fully reliable. However, in practice, their performance is not always ideal. Actually, the switches may sometimes experience malfunction, which reduces their ability to enhance system reliability. The present study proposes a model to consider the malfunction possibility of the switches in their optimal placement problem. The model helps to minimize the total costs of SSs as well as the interruption costs incurred by... 

Sectionalizing switches are the main components of any restoration scheme in fault situations of power distribution systems. In this paper, customer outage costs reduction is aimed through the optimal simultaneous placement of manual and remote-controlled switches (RCSs). Network reconfigurations are constrained such that operational considerations like statutory ranges for voltage levels, lines' thermal capacities, and necessity of radial configuration be conserved. Total cost reduction is mathematically modeled in a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that makes the global optimal solution accessible. The validity of the proposed model is evaluated on the IEEE 33-bus network. In...