Sharif Digital Repository

The main focus of this study is on reserve market settlement in an electricity market with marginal pricing scheme as the pricing mechanism. Following a day-ahead market clearing, the marginal prices are found using the appropriate Lagrange multipliers as the bi-products of the optimisation process. The payments to energy and reserve providers can then be found based on these prices. However, it is hard to find an appropriate settlement scheme that provides the fair and justifiable consumer payments based on marginal pricing scheme considering the actual reserve functions in power systems. In this study, a reserve marginal pricing that is based on a proper reserve marginal price definition... 

Among the different options available for market clearing mechanisms, offer cost minimisation mechanism is being used in most electric power markets. The payments are then calculated based on locational marginal prices (LMPs). The payments can be significantly higher due to the inconsistency of the clearing and pricing mechanisms. Payment cost minimisation (PCM) mechanism which directly minimises the total payment has been recently proposed to solve this issue. In this study, an auction mechanism is proposed for payment to suppliers minimisation (PSM) based on the LMPs instead of consumers payment minimisation (CPM). Using a proper formulation for the supply side reserve LMPs, the complete... 

The unprecedented increasing penetration of distributed energy resources, mainly harvesting renewable energies, is a direct result of environmental concerns. These types of energy resources bring about more uncertainties in the power system and, consequently, necessitate probabilistic analyses of the system performance. This paper develops a new approach for probabilistic optimal power flow (P-OPF) by adapting the unscented transformation (UT) method. The heart of the proposed method lies in how to produce the sampling points. Appropriate sample points are chosen to perform the P-OPF with a high degree of accuracy and less computational burden in comparison with the features of other... 

The unprecedented increasing penetration of distributed energy resources, mainly harvesting renewable energies, is a direct result of environmental concerns. These types of energy resources bring about more uncertainties in the power system and, consequently, necessitate probabilistic analyses of the system performance. This paper develops a new approach for probabilistic optimal power flow (P-OPF) by adapting the unscented transformation (UT) method. The heart of the proposed method lies in how to produce the sampling points. Appropriate sample points are chosen to perform the P-OPF with a high degree of accuracy and less computational burden in comparison with the features of other... 

There are different choices for auction and settlement mechanisms in electricity markets; however, selecting the appropriate mechanisms is too hard. Traditionally, the offer cost minimization (OCM) mechanism that minimizes the total offer cost is used as the clearing mechanism, and payments are calculated based on locational marginal prices (LMPs). Under this setup, the clearing and settlement mechanisms are inconsistent, since the minimized cost is different from the total payment cost. Some recent studies have proposed the payment cost minimization (PCM) mechanism. However, the discussion is still open, and different aspects of these mechanisms are yet needed to be analyzed. This paper... 

This paper presents a new robust co-planning model for transmission investment and merchant distributed energy resources (DERs). The problem is formulated from the viewpoint of power system regulators and planners such that they will build the new transmission facilities and identify optimal locations to direct merchant DERs. The proposed model is a tri-level min-max-min optimization problem where the upper, middle, and lower levels are investment decision of transmission lines and DERs, worst case realization of uncertain parameters, and the best actions in order to minimize the operation costs. The model considers the uncertainties associated with future peak load and generation capacity,... 

Congestion management is one of the most important functions of independent system operator (ISO) in the restructured power system. This paper presents two new methodologies for optimal sitting and sizing of distributed generations (DGs) in the restructured power systems for congestion management. The proposed methodologies are based upon locational marginal price (LMP) and congestion rent that forms a priority list of candidate buses to reduce the solution space. The proposed priority list facilitates the optimal placement as well as the level of output power of DGs. The proposed methods are implemented on the IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 57-bus test systems to illustrate their effectiveness. An... 

This study presents a novel framework to incorporate the uncertainties associated with load fluctuations and components' availability in a day-ahead joint energy-reserve payment cost minimisation (PCM). The payments are calculated based on locational marginal prices (LMPs). Considering these uncertainties, appropriate definitions are not available for energy and reserve LMPs (RLMPs) that suit the probabilistic PCM formulation and reflect the market characteristics. A tri-level optimisation framework is proposed. The optimisation variables in the first-level optimisation include commitment status. In the second-level optimisation, the production schedule and allocated reserves are the... 

Designing transactive energy (TE) markets in distribution systems has been a hot topic due to the increased presence of residential prosumers. In the literature, several residential market platforms have been proposed; however, they usually have two main drawbacks: 1) ignoring the effect of single-phase distributed energy resources on the voltage unbalance (VU) in active distribution networks to develop a transactive coordination model that will effectively mitigate the VU and 2) inability in providing a user-friendly strategy for home occupants to adjust the willingness to pay/accept of responsive assets according to their comfort and economic purposes. This article amends the shortcomings... 

Transmission line congestion in electricity market is lead to increase the energy cost and change in local marginal prices. So, it is probable that the market power is manifested. Market power may prevent the full competition in Electricity Market. Moreover, in this condition, with operating of power system in its boundary conditions, the system may be damaged and the security of the system may be disturbed. On the other hand, decreasing the line flows from their optimal value, cost and consequently, price of energy are increased. So, there is need to have a compromise between the line flow decrease and the cost those impose. In this paper, a framework for compromising between social cost...