Loading...
Search for: mechanical-phenomena
0.006 seconds

    Biomechanical simulation of eye-airbag impacts during vehicle accidents

    , Article Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine ; Volume 232, Issue 7 , 2018 , Pages 699-707 ; 09544119 (ISSN) Shirzadi, H ; Zohoor, H ; Naserkhaki, S ; Sharif University of Technology
    SAGE Publications Ltd  2018
    Abstract
    Airbags are safety devices in vehicles effectively suppressing passengers’ injuries during accidents. Although there are still many cases of eye injuries reported due to eye-airbag impacts in recent years. Biomechanical approaches are now feasible and can considerably help experts to investigate the issue without ethical concerns. The eye-airbag impact–induced stresses/strains in various components of the eye were found to investigate the risk of injury in different conditions (impact velocity and airbag pressure). Three-dimensional geometry of the eyeball, fat and bony socket as well as the airbag were developed and meshed to develop a finite element model. Nonlinear material properties of... 

    Arash: a social robot buddy to support children with cancer in a hospital environment

    , Article Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine ; Volume 232, Issue 6 , 1 June , 2018 , Pages 605-618 ; 09544119 (ISSN) Meghdari, A ; Shariati, A ; Alemi, M ; Vossoughi, G. R ; Eydi, A ; Ahmadi, E ; Mozafari, B ; Amoozandeh Nobaveh, A ; Tahami, R ; Sharif University of Technology
    SAGE Publications Ltd  2018
    Abstract
    This article presents the thorough design procedure, specifications, and performance of a mobile social robot friend Arash for educational and therapeutic involvement of children with cancer based on their interests and needs. Our research focuses on employing Arash in a pediatric hospital environment to entertain, assist, and educate children with cancer who suffer from physical pain caused by both the disease and its treatment process. Since cancer treatment causes emotional distress, which can reduce the efficiency of medications, using social robots to interact with children with cancer in a hospital environment could decrease this distress, thereby improving the effectiveness of their... 

    Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable acrylated polyurethane based on poly(ε-caprolactone) and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate

    , Article Materials Science and Engineering C ; Vol. 42 , 2014 , pp. 763-773 ; ISSN: 09284931 Alishiri, M ; Shojaei, A ; Abdekhodaie, M. J ; Yeganeh, H ; Sharif University of Technology
    Abstract
    A series of biodegradable acrylic terminated polyurethanes (APUs) based on poly(ε-caprolactone) diol (PCL), aliphatic 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and hydroxyethyl methyl acrylate (HEMA) was synthesized as potential materials for hard tissue biomedical applications. PCLs with low molecular weights of 1000 and 2000 g/mol were employed to provide different amounts of end capped urethane acrylate in APUs. To control crosslink density, a mixture of two different reactive diluents including mono-functional HEMA and bi-functional ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) with different weight ratios was incorporated into the APUs, called here PUAs. Morphological characteristics and mechanical... 

    Subject-specific 2D/3D image registration and kinematics-driven musculoskeletal model of the spine

    , Article Journal of Biomechanics ; Volume 57 , 2017 , Pages 18-26 ; 00219290 (ISSN) Eskandari, A. H ; Arjmand, N ; Shirazi Adl, A ; Farahmand, F ; Sharif University of Technology
    Abstract
    An essential input to the musculoskeletal (MS) trunk models that estimate muscle and spine forces is kinematics of the thorax, pelvis, and lumbar vertebrae. While thorax and pelvis kinematics are usually measured via skin motion capture devices (with inherent errors on the proper identification of the underlying bony landmarks and the relative skin-sensor-bone movements), those of the intervening lumbar vertebrae are commonly approximated at fixed proportions based on the thorax-pelvis kinematics. This study proposes an image-based kinematics measurement approach to drive subject-specific (musculature, geometry, mass, and center of masses) MS models. Kinematics of the thorax, pelvis, and... 

    Structural stability and sustained release of protein from a multilayer nanofiber/nanoparticle composite

    , Article International Journal of Biological Macromolecules ; Volume 75 , April , 2015 , Pages 248-257 ; 01418130 (ISSN) Vakilian, S ; Mashayekhan, S ; Shabani, I ; Khorashadizadeh, M ; Fallah, A ; Soleimani, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier  2015
    Abstract
    The cellular microenvironment can be engineered through the utilization of various nano-patterns and matrix-loaded bioactive molecules. In this study, a multilayer system of electrospun scaffold containing chitosan nanoparticles was introduced to overcome the common problems of instability and burst release of proteins from nanofibrous scaffolds. Bovine serum albumin (BSA)-loaded chitosan nanoparticles was fabricated based on ionic gelation interaction between chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate. Suspension electrospinning was employed to fabricate poly-e{open}-caprolacton (PCL) containing protein-loaded chitosan nanoparticles with a core-shell structure. To obtain the desired scaffold... 

    Preparation of biodegradable gelatin/PVA porous scaffolds for skin regeneration

    , Article Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine and Biotechnology ; Volume 45, Issue 5 , 2017 , Pages 928-935 ; 21691401 (ISSN) Mahnama, H ; Dadbin, S ; Frounchi, M ; Rajabi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
    Taylor and Francis Ltd  2017
    Abstract
    Porous scaffolds composed of gelatin/poly (vinyl alcohol), (Gel/PVA), were prepared using combination of freeze gelation and freeze drying methods. The effect of polymer concentration, gelatin/PVA ratio, and glutaraldehyde/gelatin ratio (GA/Gel) was investigated on morphology of pores, swelling ratio, biodegradation, and skin cell culture. At optimum preparation conditions the scaffolds had uniform pore size distributions showing high swelling ratio of 23.6. The scaffolds were of biodegradable nature and almost degraded in 28 days. Human dermal fibroblast cells (HDF) were cultured on the scaffolds and MTS assay was conducted to evaluate the influence of PVA on growth and proliferation of the... 

    Nanomechanical properties of MscL α helices: A steered molecular dynamics study

    , Article Channels ; Volume 11, Issue 3 , 2017 , Pages 209-223 ; 19336950 (ISSN) Bavi, N ; Bavi, O ; Vossoughi, M ; Naghdabadi, R ; Hill, A. P ; Martinac, B ; Jamali, Y ; Sharif University of Technology
    Taylor and Francis Inc  2017
    Abstract
    Gating of mechanosensitive (MS) channels is driven by a hierarchical cascade of movements and deformations of transmembrane helices in response to bilayer tension. Determining the intrinsic mechanical properties of the individual transmembrane helices is therefore central to understanding the intricacies of the gating mechanism of MS channels. We used a constant-force steered molecular dynamics (SMD) approach to perform unidirectional pulling tests on all the helices of MscL in M. tuberculosis and E. coli homologs. Using this method, we could overcome the issues encountered with the commonly used constant-velocity SMD simulations, such as low mechanical stability of the helix during... 

    Ternary composite of TiO2 nanotubes/Ti plates modified by g-C3N4 and SnO2 with enhanced photocatalytic activity for enhancing antibacterial and photocatalytic activity

    , Article Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology ; Volume 178 , 2018 , Pages 124-132 ; 10111344 (ISSN) Faraji, M ; Mohaghegh, N ; Abedini, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier B.V  2018
    Abstract
    A series of g-C3N4-SnO2/TiO2 nanotubes/Ti plates were fabricated via simple dipping of TiO2 nanotubes/Ti in a solution containing SnCl2 and g-C3N4 nanosheets and finally annealing of the plates. Synthesized plates were characterized by various techniques. The SEM analysis revealed that the g-C3N4-SnO2 nanosheets with high physical stability have been successfully deposited onto the surface of TiO2 nanotubes/Ti plate. Photocatalytic activity was investigated using two probe chemical reactions: oxidative decomposition of acetic acid and oxidation of 2-propanol under irradiation. Antibacterial activities for Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria were also investigated in dark and under UV/Vis... 

    Phenomenological tissue fracture modeling for an Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery training system based on experimental data

    , Article Medical Engineering and Physics ; Volume 68 , 2019 , Pages 85-93 ; 13504533 (ISSN) Sadeghnejad, S ; Farahmand, F ; Vossoughi, G ; Moradi, H ; Mousa Sadr Hosseini, S ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier Ltd  2019
    Abstract
    The ideal simulator for Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery (ESSS)training must be supported by a physical model and provide repetitive behavior in a controlled environment. Development of realistic tissue models is a key part of ESSS virtual reality (VR)-based surgical simulation. Considerable research has been conducted to address haptic or force feedback and propose a phenomenological tissue fracture model for sino-nasal tissue during surgical tool indentation. Mechanical properties of specific sino-nasal regions of the sheep head have been studied in various indentation and relaxation experiments. Tool insertion at different indentation rates into coronal orbital floor (COF)tissue is... 

    Hypersensitivity of trunk biomechanical model predictions to errors in image-based kinematics when using fully displacement-control techniques

    , Article Journal of Biomechanics ; Volume 84 , 2019 , Pages 161-171 ; 00219290 (ISSN) Eskandari, A. H ; Arjmand, N ; Shirazi Adl, A ; Farahmand, F ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier Ltd  2019
    Abstract
    Recent advances in medical imaging techniques have allowed pure displacement-control trunk models to estimate spinal loads with no need to calculate muscle forces. Sensitivity of these models to the errors in post-imaging evaluation of displacements (reported to be ∼0.4–0.9° and 0.2–0.3 mm in vertebral displacements) has not yet been investigated. A Monte Carlo analysis was therefore used to assess the sensitivity of results in both musculoskeletal (MS) and passive finite element (FE) spine models to errors in measured displacements. Six static activities in upright standing, flexed, and extended postures were initially simulated using a force-control hybrid MS-FE model. Computed vertebral... 

    Biohybrid oxidized alginate/myocardial extracellular matrix injectable hydrogels with improved electromechanical properties for cardiac tissue engineering

    , Article International Journal of Biological Macromolecules ; Volume 180 , 2021 , Pages 692-708 ; 01418130 (ISSN) Mousavi, A ; Mashayekhan, S ; Baheiraei, N ; Pourjavadi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier B.V  2021
    Abstract
    Injectable hydrogels which mimic the physicochemical and electromechanical properties of cardiac tissue is advantageous for cardiac tissue engineering. Here, a newly-developed in situ forming double-network hydrogel derived from biological macromolecules (oxidized alginate (OA) and myocardial extracellular matrix (ECM)) with improved mechanical properties and electrical conductivity was optimized. 3-(2-aminoethyl amino) propyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (Amine-rGO) was added to this system with varied concentrations to promote electromechanical properties of the hydrogel. Alginate was partially oxidized with an oxidation degree of 5% and the resulting OA...