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This work offers an extensive framework for the techno-economic evaluation of the subsurface and surface components of low-grade geothermal (< 100 °C) desalination systems, that is based on validated hydrogeological, thermodynamic, and economic considerations. Additionally, this work incorporates a recently developed advanced multi-effect distillation (MED) process for an improved utilisation of the geothermal heat sources. The analysis focuses on a pre-feasibility study for Western Australia, the influence of the different cost drivers, especially the often overlooked geothermal well field parameters like permeability, so as to permit rational assessments of potential application sites. For... 

This paper reports on the application of low-grade sensible waste heat (liquid phase) driven multi-effect distillation (MED) technology to exploit waste heat sources that are generally abundant in the petrochemical industries especially, those located close to the Persian Gulf's coastline. For this purpose, a techno-economic feasibility study by considering local capital and operating costs for a selected petrochemical plant has been conducted. In this study, a sensible waste heat stream (practically at 80 °C in the liquid phase), which is actively cooled by the cooling process of the plant, is considered as the heat source for the proposed desalination process. This process can recover... 

A novel MED-based desalination system for low-grade heat sources with a temperature between 65 °C and 90 °C has been proposed. Low-grade heat-driven desalination systems are of the most important methods for increasing energy efficiency and assisting the environment along with alleviating the water scarcity problem. The new proposed system is known as cascade multi-effect distillation (CMED). It is designed based on multi-step heat extraction from the heat source fluid (HSF). Multi-step heat absorption helps to form two arrays of MED effects and to utilize two boosters to achieve better performance. The advantage of this system is less complexity (for example, lower vapor injection), and...