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Prevalence of smoking in 15-64 years old population of North of Iran: Meta-analysis of the results of non-communicable diseases risk factors surveillance system

, Article Acta Medica Iranica ; Volume 51, Issue 7 , 2013 , Pages 494-500 ; 00446025 (ISSN) Ardeshiri, M. J ; Moosazadeh, M ; Masouleh, M. F ; Kiani, A ; Fakhri, M ; Sharif University of Technology

2013

Abstract

Smoking is known as a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hence immediate and effective interventions are required for its elimination. This study aimed to collect valid data with regard to cigarette smoking in adult population of north of Iran for policy making by a meta-analysis of the documents of national non-communicable disease risk factors surveillance system. We investigated relevant evidences by searching in published and non-electronic databases. Data were extracted based on variables such as year of the study, sex, age group and prevalence of smoking habit. Based on results of heterogeneity, we applied fixed or random effects model to estimate the...

Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

, Article The Lancet ; Volume 396, Issue 10258 , 2020 , Pages 1135-1159 Abbafati, C ; Machado, D. B ; Cislaghi, B ; Salman, O. M ; Karanikolos, M ; McKee, M ; Abbas, K. M ; Brady, O. J ; Larson, H. J ; Trias-Llimós, S ; Cummins, S ; Langan, S.M ; Sartorius, B ; Hafiz, A ; Jenabi, E ; Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N ; Borzouei, S ; Azarian, G ; Khazaei, S ; Abbasi, M ; Asghari, B ; Masoumi, S ; Komaki, H ; Taherkhani, A ; Adabi, M ; Abbasifard, M ; Bazmandegan, G ; Kamiab, Z ; Vakilian, A ; Anjomshoa, M ; Mokari, A ; Sabour, S ; Shahbaz, M ; Saeedi, R ; Ahmadieh, H ; Yousefinezhadi, T ; Haj-Mirzaian, A ; Nikbakhsh, R ; Safi, S ; Asgari, S ; Irvani, S.N ; Jahanmehr, N ; Ramezanzadeh, K ; Abbasi-Kangevari, M ; Khayamzadeh, M ; Abbastabar, H ; Shirkoohi, R ; Fazlzadeh, M ; Janjani, H ; Hosseini, M ; Mansournia, M ; Tohidinik, H ; Bakhtiari, A ; Fazaeli, A ; Mousavi, S ; Hasanzadeh, A ; Nabavizadeh, B ; Malekzadeh, R ; Hashemian, M ; Pourshams, A ; Salimzadeh, H ; Sepanlou, S. G ; Afarideh, M ; Esteghamati, A ; Esteghamati, S ; Ghajar, A ; Heidari, B ; Rezaei, N ; Mohamadi, E ; Rahimi-Movaghar, A ; Rahim, F ; Eskandarieh, S ; Sahraian, M ; Mohebi, F ; Aminorroaya, A ; Ebrahimi, H ; Farzadfar, F ; Mohajer, B ; Pishgar, F ; Saeedi Moghaddam, S ; Shabani, M ; Zarafshan, H ; Abolhassani, H ; Hafezi Nejad, N ; Heidari Soureshjani, R ; Abdollahi, M ; Farahmand, M ; Salamati, P ; Mehrabi Nasab, E ; Tajdini, M ; Aghamir, S ; Mirzaei, R ; Dibaji Forooshani, Z ; Khater, M. M ; Abd-Allah, F ; Abdelalim, A ; Abualhasan, A ; El-Jaafary, S. I ; Hassan, A ; Elsharkawy, A ; Khater, A. M ; Elhabashy, H. R ; Salem, M. R. R ; Salem, H ; Sadeghi, M ; Jafarinia, M ; Amini-Rarani, M ; Mohammadifard, N ; Sarrafzadegan, N ; Abdollahpour, I ; Sarveazad, A ; Tehrani Banihashemi, A ; Yoosefi Lebni, J ; Manafi, N ; Pazoki Toroudi, H ; Dorostkar, F ; Alipour, V ; Sheikhtaheri, A ; Arabloo, J ; Azari, S ; Ghashghaee, A ; Rezapour, A ; Naserbakht, M ; Kabir, A ; Mehri, F ; Yousefifard, M ; Asadi Aliabadi, M ; Babaee, E ; Eshrati, B ; Goharinezhad, S ; Moradi Lakeh, M ; Abedi, P ; Rashedi, V ; Kumar, V ; Elgendy, I. Y ; Basu, S ; Park, J ; Pereira, A ; Norheim, O. F ; Eagan, A. W ; Cahill, L. E ; Sheikh, A ; Abushouk, A. I ; Kraemer, M. U. G ; Thakur, B ; Bärnighausen, T. W ; Shrime, M. G ; Abedi, A ; Doshi, C. P ; Abegaz, K. H ; Geberemariyam, B. S ; Aynalem, Y. A ; Shiferaw, W. S ; Abosetugn, A. E ; Aboyans, V ; Abrams, E. M ; Gitimoghaddam, M ; Kissoon, N ; Stubbs, J. L ; Brauer, M ; Iyamu, I. O ; Kopec, J. A ; Pourmalek, F ; Ribeiro, A. P ; Malta, D. C ; Gomez, R. S ; Abreu, L. G ; Abrigo, M. R. M ; Almulhim, A. M ; Dahlawi, S. M. A ; Pottoo, F. H ; Menezes, R. G ; Alanzi, T. M ; Alumran, A. K ; Abu Haimed, A. K ; Madadin, M ; Alanezi, F. M ; Abu-Gharbieh, E ; Saddik, B ; Abu Raddad, L. J ; Samy, A. M ; El Nahas, N ; Shalash, A. S ; Nabhan, A. F ; Kamath, A. M ; Kassebaum, N. J ; Aravkin, A. Y ; Kochhar, S ; Sorensen, R. J. D ; Afshin, A ; Burkart, K ; Cromwell, E. A ; Dandona, L ; Dharmaratne, S. D ; Gakidou, E ; Hay, S. I ; Kyu, H. H ; Lopez, A. D ; Lozano, R ; Misganaw, A. T ; Mokdad, A. H ; Naghavi, M ; Pigott, D. M ; Reiner Jr, R. C ; Roth, G. A ; Stanaway, J. D ; Vollset, S ; Vos, T ; Wang, H ; Lim, S. S ; Murray, C. J. L ; Kalani, R ; Ikuta, K. S ; Cho, D. Y ; Kneib, C. J ; Crowe, C. S ; Massenburg, B. B ; Morrison, S. D ; Acebedo, A ; Adelson, J. D ; Agesa, K. M ; Alam, T ; Albertson, S. B ; Anderson, J. A ; Antony, C. M ; Ashbaugh, C ; Assmus, M ; Azhar, G ; Balassyano, S ; Bannick, M. S ; Barthelemy, C. M ; Bender, R. G ; Bennitt, F. B ; Bertolacci, G. J ; Biehl, M. H ; Bisignano, C ; Boon Dooley, A. S ; Briant, P. S ; Bryazka, D ; Bumgarner, B. R ; Callender, C. S ; Cao, J ; Castle, C. D ; Castro, E ; Causey, K ; Cercy, K. M ; Chalek, J ; Charlson, F. J ; Cohen, A. J ; Comfort, H ; Compton, K ; Croneberger, A. J ; Cruz, J. A ; Cunningham, M ; Dandona, R ; Dangel, W. J ; Dean, F. E ; DeCleene, N. K ; Deen, A ; Degenhardt, L ; Dingels, Z. V ; Dippenaar, I. N ; Dirac, M. A ; Dolgert, A. J ; Emmons Bell, S ; Estep, K ; Farag, T ; Feigin, V. L ; Feldman, R ; Ferrara, G ; Ferrari, A. J ; Fitzgerald, R ; Force, L. M ; Fox, J. T ; Frank, T. D ; Fu, W ; Fukutaki, K ; Fuller, J. E ; Fullman, N ; Galles, N. C ; Gardner, W. M ; Gershberg Hayoon, A ; Goren, E ; Gorman, T. M ; Gottlich, H. C ; Guo, G ; Haddock, B ; Hagins, H ; Haile, L. M ; Hamilton, E. B ; Han, C ; Han, H ; Harvey, J. D ; Henny, K ; Henrikson, H. J ; Henry, N. J ; Herbert, M. E ; Hsiao, T ; Huynh, C. K ; Iannucci, V. C ; Ippolito, H ; Irvine, C. M. S ; Jafari, H ; Jahagirdar, D ; James, S. L ; Johnson, C. O ; Johnson, S.C ; Keller, C ; Kemmer, L ; Kendrick, P. J ; Knight, M ; Kocarnik, J. M ; Krohn, K. J ; Larson, S. L ; Lau, K. M ; Ledesma, J. R ; Leever, A. T ; LeGrand, K. E ; Lescinsky, H ; Lin, C ; Liu, H ; Liu, Z ; Lo, J ; Lu, A ; Ma, J ; Maddison, E. R ; Manguerra, H ; Marks, A ; Martopullo, I ; Mastrogiacomo, C. I ; May, E. A ; Mooney, M. D ; Mosser, J. F ; Mullany, E. C ; Mumford, J ; Munro, S. B ; Nandakumar, V ; Nguyen, J ; Nguyen, M ; Nichols, E ; Nixon, M. R ; Odell, C. M ; Ong, K. L ; Orji, A. U ; Ostroff, S. M ; Pasovic, M ; Paulson, K. R ; Pease, S. A ; Pennini, A ; Pierce, M ; Pilz, T. M ; Pletcher, M ; Rao, P. C ; Razo, C ; Redford, S. B ; Reinig, N ; Reitsma, M. B ; Rhinehart, P ; Robalik, T ; Roberts, S ; Roberts, N. L. S ; Rolfe, S ; Sbarra, A. N ; Schaeffer, L. E ; Shackelford, K. A ; Shadid, J ; Sharara, F ; Shaw, D. H ; Sheena, B. S ; Simpson, K. E ; Smith, A ; Spencer, C. N ; Spurlock, E. E ; Stark, B. A ; Steiner, C ; Steuben, K. M ; Sylte, D. O ; Tang, M ; Taylor, H. J ; Terrason, S ; Thomson, A. M ; Torre, A. E ; Travillian, R ; Troeger, C. E ; Vongpradith, A ; Walters, M. K ; Wang, J ; Watson, A ; Watson, S ; Whisnant, J. L ; Whiteford, H. A ; Wiens, K. E ; Wilner, L. B ; Wilson, S ; Wool, E. E ; Wozniak, S. S ; Wu, J ; Wulf Hanson, S ; Wunrow, H ; Xu, R ; Sharif University of Technology

Lancet Publishing Group 2020

Abstract

The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD...

Iran in transition

, Article The Lancet ; Volume 393, Issue 10184 , 2019 , Pages 1984-2005 ; 01406736 (ISSN) Danaei, G ; Farzadfar, F ; Kelishadi, R ; Rashidian, A ; Rouhani, O. M ; Ahmadnia, S ; Ahmadvand, A ; Arabi, M ; Ardalan, A ; Arhami, M ; Azizi, M. H ; Bahadori, M ; Baumgartner, J ; Beheshtian, A ; Djalalinia, S ; Doshmangir, L ; Haghdoost, A. A ; Haghshenas, R ; Hosseinpoor, A. R ; Islami, F ; Kamangar, F ; Khalili, D ; Madani, K ; Masoumi Asl, H ; Mazyaki, A ; Mirchi, A ; Moradi, E ; Nayernouri, T ; Niemeier, D ; Houshang Omidvari, A ; Peykari, N ; Pishgar, F ; Qorbani, M ; Rahimi, K ; Rahimi Movaghar, A ; Ramezani Tehrani, F ; Rezaei, N ; Shahraz, S ; Takian, A ; Tootee, A ; Ezzati, M ; Jamshidi, H. R ; Larijani, B ; Majdzadeh, R ; Malekzadeh, R ; Sharif University of Technology

Lancet Publishing Group 2019

Abstract

Being the second-largest country in the Middle East, Iran has a long history of civilisation during which several dynasties have been overthrown and established and health-related structures have been reorganised. Iran has had the replacement of traditional practices with modern medical treatments, emergence of multiple pioneer scientists and physicians with great contributions to the advancement of science, environmental and ecological changes in addition to large-scale natural disasters, epidemics of multiple communicable diseases, and the shift towards non-communicable diseases in recent decades. Given the lessons learnt from political instabilities in the past centuries and the...