Sharif Digital Repository

Operation of solid oxide fuel/electrolysis cells (SOFC/SOEC) at high temperatures (T > 850 °C) is accompanied by degradation phenomena, which severely affect the operational lifetime of the cell. Degradation processes are expected to occur slower at low temperatures. However, significant reduction in electrocatalytic activity of the oxygen electrode, is one of the major challenges in decreasing the operating temperature down to 500 °C-650 °C. Recently, Pr6O11 infiltrated Ce0.9Gd0.1O2 (CGO) based electrodes have been proposed to realize high electrochemical performance at intermediate temperature. In this study, Pr-oxide has been infiltrated into a well performing sub-micro... 

Lifetime is the most important concern in wireless sensor networks due to limited battery power of sensor nodes. In this paper, we focus on designing an energy-efficient and energy-aware routing algorithm, LLR, to increase the operational lifetime of multi-hop wireless sensor networks in the presence of unreliable communication links. Our proposed protocol utilizes a parameter, Broadcasting Delay, in each node associated with the hop parameters passed by a route request packet to select long lifetime paths in the network. The key point in Broadcasting Delay formulation is that it includes both node and link specific parameters. We use two different scenarios: either the link layer...