Sharif Digital Repository

Recently, power system operators have initiated procurement of a new service in electricity markets named flexibleramping product (FRP). With the main goal of enhancing the grid flexibility, this product can provide a remarkable opportunity foran enhanced short-term profitability. Energy storage systems (ESSs) with high ramping capability can leverage their profitabilitywhen properly participating in this market. This study introduces a stochastic optimisation framework for participation of ESSs inthe FRP market. The proposed model formulates the optimal bidding strategy of ESSs considering the real-time energy, flexibleramp-up and ramp-down marginal price signals and the associated... 

In the restructured power systems, generating companies (Genco) are responsible for selling their product in the energy market. In this condition, the question is how much and for what price must each Genco generate to maximize its profit. Therefore, this paper intends to propose a rational method to answer this question. In the proposed methodology, the hourly forecasted market clearing price (FMCP) is used as a reference to model the possible and probable price strategies of Gencos. The forecasted price is the basis of the bidding strategies of each Genco, which can be achieved by solving a bi-level optimization problem using GAMS (general algebraic modeling system) language. The first... 

This paper describes a new method that uses Simulated Annealing (SA) method for analyzing the competition among Generating Companies (Gencos) where they have incomplete information about their opponents. Each Genco models its opponents with their generating cost coefficients. The proposed methodology employs the Supply Function Equilibrium (SFE) for modeling a Genco's bidding strategy. Gencos change their bidding strategies until Nash equilibrium points are obtained. Nash equilibrium constitutes a central solution concept in game theory. The task of detecting the Nash equilibria of a finite strategic game remains a challenging up-todate. This paper uses SA to compute Nash equilibria... 

Distributed energy resources (DERs) play an important role in the future vision of distribution energy networks. This paper with the aim of promoting DERs role in energy markets proposes a new framework for the optimal bidding strategy of a Technical Virtual Power Plant (TVPP) in different markets. In the proposed framework, it is assumed that the TVPP energy power is distributed throughout a multi-carrier energy network (MCEN) which consists of district heat networks (DHNs) and a distributed electricity network (DEN). In the MCEN, CHP units are the linkage between DHNs and DEN. With the goal of maximizing the profit of TVPP in different local and wholesale energy markets, a bi-level... 

Technical virtual power plant (TVPP) aggregates distributed energy resources in order to trade in wholesale electricity market while taking operational constraints of network into account and offering services to distribution system operator. This article presents a new framework to incorporate the reliability of distribution network into designing the optimal bidding strategy of a TVPP in day-ahead energy market. In the proposed framework, the TVPP determines the multisteps biddings as pairs of power and price aiming at maximizing its profit in market while minimizing the outage costs due to contingency occurrences. The model is formulated as a bilevel optimization problem in which the... 

Nowadays, the incorporation of wind power in electrical grids and electricity markets is grown. Due to the fluctuation of wind speed, one of the main challenges of wind power would be selling power directly to the wholesale markets. A method for solving this challenge is coordination of wind power with energy storages, cascaded hydro, or gas turbine units in bidding strategy and operation. By coordinating with gas turbine units, wind power can be incorporated in real-time markets with fewer capital costs. In this paper, a stochastic bi-level optimization is proposed for coordinated wind power and gas turbine units in the real-time market. The uncertainties of wind power, demands, rivals'... 

Nowadays, the incorporation of wind power in electrical grids and electricity markets is grown. Due to the fluctuation of wind speed, one of the main challenges of wind power would be selling power directly to the wholesale markets. A method for solving this challenge is coordination of wind power with energy storages, cascaded hydro, or gas turbine units in bidding strategy and operation. By coordinating with gas turbine units, wind power can be incorporated in real-time markets with fewer capital costs. In this paper, a stochastic bi-level optimization is proposed for coordinated wind power and gas turbine units in the real-time market. The uncertainties of wind power, demands, rivals'... 

Rapid growth of the variable and intermittent renewable generation in multimicrogrid distribution network (MMG-DN) has derived a gross violation in power balance due to the scarcity of ramp capacity. To neutralize this shortage, the present study develops a market-oriented approach for supplying flexibility ramping products (FRPs) in an MMG-DN. In this article, the proposed approach appraises a ramping capacity of local microgrids (MGs), which encompass various distributed energy resources through a bilevel programming. To do so, an interval-based security constraint economic dispatch process is accomplished at the upper level considering the network's requirement of upward/downward ramp... 

Technical virtual power plant (TVPP) aggregates distributed energy resources in order to trade in wholesale electricity market while taking operational constraints of network into account and offering services to distribution system operator. This article presents a new framework to incorporate the reliability of distribution network into designing the optimal bidding strategy of a TVPP in day-ahead energy market. In the proposed framework, the TVPP determines the multisteps biddings as pairs of power and price aiming at maximizing its profit in market while minimizing the outage costs due to contingency occurrences. The model is formulated as a bilevel optimization problem in which the... 

The growing trend of electric vehicles (EVs) in recent years has led to the emergence of EV aggregators in electricity markets. Generally, the main goal of an EV aggregator is to buy electricity from the wholesale market in a cost-effective manner while satisfying the charging requirements of EV owners. Accordingly, this paper presents a decision support tool for EV aggregators which enables them to determine the optimal bidding strategy to effectively participate in the day-ahead and real-time energy, and frequency regulation markets. Indeed, the aggregator mainly obtains profit by selling energy during the high-price hours (via vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capability) and providing primary...