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Localization in MISO airborne passive radar through heavy ground clutters
, Article Proceedings of 2015 IEEE East-West Design and Test Symposium, EWDTS 2015, 26 September 2015 through 29 September 2015 ; 2015 ; 9781467377751 (ISBN) ; Amiri, R ; Behnia, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc
2015
Abstract
The relative velocity between ground surface and receiver platform leads to clutter expansion in the range-doppler surface. The expanded clutters can mask slow moving targets. The passive radar is a low cost and light weight radar with high detection ability, due to its multistatic geometry. In this paper, we employ the MISO passive radar with at least four transmitters of opportunity to constitute an over-determined system of equations. We propose an algorithm to localize moving targets in the presence of clutters. In the first step, the clutters are separated from moving targets and in the second one, the position and velocity of the target are computed by solving the system of equations....
WiMAX-Based Passive Radar Systems
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Bastani, Mohammad Hasan (Supervisor) ; Behnia, Fereidoon (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Passive radars using illuminators of opportunity have attracted much attention in recent years. The worldwide inter-operability for microwave access (WiMAX) signal is a new illumination source for passive radar. This paper presents a study to understand and to demonstrate the feasibility of using WiMAX signals for passive radar. The study includes WiMAX signal analysis, the design and implementation of a WiMAX-based passive radar demonstrator, the associated radar signal processing scheme, and some approaches to yield an effective removal of the undesired peaks in WiMAX ACF
Adaptive filtering techniques in passive radar
, Article Proceedings International Radar Symposium, Dresden ; Volume 2 , June , 2013 , Pages 1067-1078 ; 21555753 (ISSN) ; 9783954042234 (ISBN) ; Radmard, M ; Majd, M. N ; Nayebi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
One of the most important obstacles in passive radar applications is removing the direct signal from the target channel. Otherwise, week echoes from the targets in the target channel would be ignored due to the limited dynamic range of the system. One of the most effective techniques in this field is using adaptive filters. In this paper various adaptive filters are introduced and their performances are shown and compared
Probability of missed detection as a criterion for receiver placement in MIMO PCL
, Article IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings, 7 May 2012 through 11 May 2012, Atlanta, GA ; 2012 , Pages 0924-0927 ; 10975659 (ISSN) ; 9781467306584 (ISBN) ; Chitgarha, M. M ; Radmard, M ; Nayebi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
IEEE
2012
Abstract
Using multiple antennas at the transmit and receive sides of a passive radar brings both the benefits of MIMO radar and passive radar. However one of the obstacles arisen in such configuration is the receive antennas placement in proper positions so that the radar performance is improved. Here we just consider the case of positioning one receiver among multiple illuminators of opportunity. Indeed it is a start for the solution of optimizing the geometry of the multiple receivers in a passive radar
Feasibility analysis of utilizing the '8k mode' DVB-T signal in passive radar applications
, Article Scientia Iranica ; Volume 19, Issue 6 , 2012 , Pages 1763-1770 ; 10263098 (ISSN) ; Bastani, M. H ; Behnia, F ; Nayebi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
One non-cooperative illuminator recently considered for passive radar applications is the DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial) signal. The thumbtack ambiguity function of the DVB-T signal, in addition to being stationary over time, makes such a signal a good candidate for such applications. However, certain ambiguities in its ambiguity function necessitates certain issues to be carefully considered when the DVB-T signal is to be utilized in these scenarios. Methods have been already proposed to resolve them. In this paper, after studying the origins of these ambiguities, we propose special processing schemes to reduce the complexity of the parts associated with resolving these...
Satellite-based forward scatter passive radar
, Article Proceedings International Radar Symposium, 10 May 2016 through 12 May 2016 ; Volume 2016-June , 2016 ; 21555753 (ISSN) ; 9781509025183 (ISBN) ; Bayat, S ; Farina, A ; Hajsadeghian, S ; Nayebi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
IEEE Computer Society
2016
Abstract
In this paper we present a feasibility study on using satellite signal for passive radar application. Our focus is on utilizing GEO (geostationary Earth orbit) satellite signal with suitable properties. The feasibility of using such satellite signal for passive radar application is evaluated. In particular, a space shuttle as the target of interest is considered. In addition to being covert, it will be shown that using such passive radar system, we can benefit the forward scatter enhancement, which enables us to detect such high-altitude target that is totally undetectable to conventional radar systems
A disambiguation technique for passive localization using trajectory analysis
, Article IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems ; 2018 ; 00189251 (ISSN) ; Behnia, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
In some well-known passive localization methods, when the number of equations equals the number of unknown object coordinates, there arise finite number of possible solutions. A localization disambiguation technique is required to identify the correct solution in these cases. As an example, the exact solution of time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) based equations for four receiver sites, leads to a couple of solutions with only one of them being the true target position. This ambiguity, conventionally is resolved by using angle-of-arrival (AOA) measurements or using an additional receiver site which increase the cost and complexity of the system. In this paper a localization disambiguation...
A Disambiguation technique for passive localization using trajectory analysis
, Article IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems ; Volume 55, Issue 2 , 2019 , Pages 820-829 ; 00189251 (ISSN) ; Behnia, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc
2019
Abstract
In some well-known passive localization methods, when the number of equations equals the number of unknown object coordinates, there arise finite number of possible solutions. A localization disambiguation technique is required to identify the correct solution in these cases. As an example, the exact solution of time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) based equations for four receiver sites, leads to a couple of solutions with only one of them being the true target position. This ambiguity conventionally is resolved by using angle-of-arrival measurements or using an additional receiver site, which increase the cost and complexity of the system. In this paper, a localization disambiguation...
An improved adaptive algorithm for clutter and direct path interference removal in DVB-T based passive radar
, Article Proceedings International Radar Symposium, Dresden ; Volume 2 , June , 2013 , Pages 1049-1055 ; 21555753 (ISSN) ; 9783954042234 (ISBN) ; Moniri, M. R ; Shekhi, A ; Radmard, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the important issue of elimination of direct path interference and clutter in ambiguity function and detection of passive radars with adaptive filters. The efficiency and performance of each of them were investigated. Finally, by simulation and their learning curve, the best algorithm was proposed for these radars
Target's range migration compensation in passive radar
, Article European Microwave Week 2009, EuMW 2009: Science, Progress and Quality at Radiofrequencies, Conference Proceedings - 6th European Radar Conference, EuRAD 2009, 28 September 2009 through 2 October 2009, Rome ; 2009 , Pages 457-460 ; 9782874870149 (ISBN) ; Habibi, H ; Bastani, M. H ; Behnia, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Ideally the processing gain in passive radar is PG=BT. Where B is the bandwidth and T is the integration time. So by increasing T the target detectability will also increase. But practically, when we deal with moving targets, increasing T will result in a problem: target migration from its range cell that in turn results in decreased processing gain. In this paper we have suggested a method, by which we can compensate target's migration, while keeping the computational load low
A Survey With Simulation on DVB-Based Passive Radar
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Bastani, Mohammad Hassan (Supervisor) ; Behnia, Ferydon (Supervisor)
Abstract
One of non-cooperative illuminators recently considered for passive radar application is the DVB-T signal. Its thumbtack ambiguity function beside the constancy over time makes it very desirable. But there are some ambiguities in its ambiguity function that can not be neglected. In this paper, after studying the reasons of the ambiguities we propose some processings to remove them. It is shown that for removing the ambiguities, it’s sufficient to filter out continual pilots and equalize scattered pilots. The results show that an ambiguity function relatively without ambiguities will be obtained. A method for compensating the target’s range migration-that results in processing gain decrease...
Cross ambiguity function analysis of the '8k-mode' DVB-T for passive radar application
, Article 4th Microwave and Radar Week MRW-2010 - 11th International Radar Symposium, IRS 2010 - Conference Proceedings, 16 June 2010 through 18 June 2010, Vilnius ; June , 2010 , Pages 279-282 ; 9789955690184 (ISBN) ; Bastani, M ; Behnia, F ; Nayebi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
2010
Abstract
One of non-cooperative illuminators recently considered for passive radar applications is the DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial) station. The thumbtack ambiguity function of the DVB-T signal in addition to being stationary makes such signal a good candidate for such applications. However, certain ambiguities in its ambiguity function necessitates certain issues to be carefully considered when DVB-T signals are to be utilized. In this paper, after studying the origins of these ambiguities, we propose special processing schemes to resolve them
Advantages of the DVB-T signal for passive radar applications
, Article 4th Microwave and Radar Week MRW-2010 - 11th International Radar Symposium, IRS 2010 - Conference Proceedings, 16 June 2010 through 18 June 2010 ; 2010 , Pages 274-278 ; 9789955690184 (ISBN) ; Bastani, M ; Behnia, F ; Nayebi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
2010
Abstract
One of the attractive opportunistic signals for passive radar applications is the DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting- Terrestrial) signal. The thumbtack ambiguity function of the DVB-T signal in addition to being stationary makes such signal a good candidate for such applications. In this paper we want to consider its feasibility for this application in more details. So we first examin this signal for the main parts of the the passive radar: Resolving ambiguities before evaluating CAF and direct path intereference rejection, and then consider its processing gain in detecting targets
Passive radar processing blocks gain estimation
, Article International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2007, IMECS 2007, Kowloon, 21 March 2007 through 23 March 2007 ; Volume 2 , 2007 , Pages 1748-1752 ; 20780958 (ISSN) ; 9789889867171 (ISBN) ; Behnia, F ; Sharif University of Technology
2007
Abstract
Passive radars use illuminators of opportunity to detect target and measure its parameters. The usual processing routine consists of direct path interference and clutter removal and computation of cross ambiguity function (CAF) to estimate ampIitude-range-Doppler surface. Main parameters affecting this procedure are direct path interference and clutter, receiver thermal noise and near large targets. This paper presents an investigation on effect of each parameter and tries to estimate processing gain of each Block. A comparison between different adaptive interference removal methods also presented
Direct Path Cancellation in Satellite Signal Based Forward Scattering Radar
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Behroozi, Hamid (Supervisor)
Abstract
Passive bistatic radars (PBR) using transmitters of opportunity have attracted a lot of attention recently. Advantages of these radars include the covert operation as well as the low cost of their building and maintenance. Such radars are intended to use signals in the environment as transmitters. These transmitters can be terrestrial transmitters such as TV broadcasts or even satellite transmitters such as global positioning system (GPS) satellites.Satellite transmitters have global coverage and their signal is available at all times, but the design of these transmitters for non-radar applications causes the reduction of the reception power at receivers. So BR systems have attempted to use...
Joint time difference of arrival/angle of arrival position finding in passive radar
, Article IET Radar, Sonar and Navigation ; Volume 3, Issue 2 , 2009 , Pages 167-176 ; 17518784 (ISSN) ; Derakhshani, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2009
Abstract
Several target position finding methods are proposed in various papers mainly regarding sensor networks. However, the problem of position finding in passive radar systems is somewhat different from the general case of sensor networks. Generally, in a passive radar system, there are few receivers located at short distances when compared with the it distance from the target. In this case, a problem known as geometric dilution of precision (GDP) occurs, which considerably increases the error of many proposed methods. This phenomenon can even make the position finding equations non-solvable. Regarding this fact, we have developed a least mean square error (LMSE) based method, which uses both the...
Target detection by passive coherent FM based bistatic radar
, Article 2008 International Conference on Radar, Radar 2008, Adelaide, SA, 2 September 2008 through 5 September 2008 ; October , 2008 , Pages 412-415 ; 9781424423224 (ISBN) ; Nayebi, M. M ; Norouzi, Y ; CEA Technologies Pty Ltd; Cranfield University; Diversified Technologies, Inc; Information, Telecommunications and Electronic Engineering (ITEE); Board of Engineers Australia ; Sharif University of Technology
2008
Abstract
Bistatic passive radars have many advantages over the monostatic ones because they are undetectable and silent. In passive coherent location, the original source of energy is derived from a waveform of opportunity in the environment and the re-radiated energy from the target is processed to decide about the existence of the target. More over bistatic radars receive forward scatters from target in place of the backscatters in monostatics systems. As a result of the larger forward scattered RCS, the stealth targets can be detected easier. Passive radar does not need any frequency allocation so are very attractive for surveillance. Multipath effects and direct path interference are two problems...
Maritime target localization from bistatic range measurements in space-based passive radar
, Article IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement ; Volume 70 , 2021 ; 00189456 (ISSN) ; Behnia, F ; Amiri, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc
2021
Abstract
In this article, localization of a maritime target using a passive multistatic radar system, consisting of a single receiver and a number of satellites as its transmitters, is investigated. The set of communication satellites and also the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), including GPS, Glonass, and Galileo, are employed as illuminators of opportunity. In the receiver, the reflected signals from the target along with the direct signal from the satellites are employed to extract a set of bistatic range measurements. Leveraging these measurements and the satellite's position information, a novel localization method considering zero height of maritime target and appropriate combination...
DVB-T Based MIMO Passive Coherent Location
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Hossein Khalaj, Babak (Supervisor) ; Nayebi, Mohammad Mehdi (Co-Advisor)Choosing the position of the receiver in a MISO passive radar system
, Article European Microwave Week 2012: "Space for Microwaves", EuMW 2012, Conference Proceedings - 9th European Radar Conference, EuRAD 2012 ; 2012 , Pages 318-321 ; 9782874870293 (ISBN) ; Majd, M. N ; Radmard, M ; Nayebi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
By combining the two ideas of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) and PCL (Passive Coherent Location) in radar, one can achieve the advantages of both recently developed techniques simultaneously. While using multiple antennas at the receive side provides a spatial diversity of the object to be detected, using multiple illuminators of opportunity, most importantly, makes the radar covert to the interceptors. One obstacle in such MIMO configuration is choosing the positions of the receive antennas. In this paper, after analyzing the Neyman-Pearson detector for the DVB-T based PCL, we introduce the probability of missed detection as a criterion to place the receive antenna. Here, we only...