Sharif Digital Repository

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar is a multiple aperture technology characterized by the ability to transmit diverse signals at each aperture. This is in contrast to traditional phased array radar whereby a single signals is transmitted with a phase shift applied at each element to enable steering of the transmit beampattern. The hybrid MIMO phased array radar (HMPAR) concept is an outgrowth of the monostatic MIMO construct, in which all sensors have the same view of the far field target which is known as colocated antenna. In the HMPAR, the full transmit array is partitioned into sub-arrays which can be electronically steered in different directions and driven by separate transmit... 

A multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar is an emerging field which has attracted many researchers recently. In this type of radar, unlike an standard phased array radar, one can choose transmitted probing signals freely to maximize the power around the locations of the targets of interest, or more generally to approximate a given transmit beam-pattern, or to minimize the cross-correlation of the signals reflected back to the radar by the targets of interest. These signals can be correlated to each other or noncorrelated. Many papers have investigated beampattern design and waveforming in MIMO radars. One of the most famous approaches for beampattern design is named covariance based... 

In this paper we investigate the active impedance of Time Modulated Array (TMA) as a low-cost and simple beamforming architecture. Since the antenna elements in TMA are periodically turned on and off, the active impedance of this structure has less variation compared to a phased array architecture. In this paper, we have compared the active impedance of a TMA structure and that of the phased array for different cases. The active reflection coefficient of the TMA is always below-10 dB, while the impedance of the phased array becomes unmatched for certain scan angles  

Genetic algorithm for optimization of beam forming in spiral array antenna is used. The goal is to achieve a -20 dB in null over the wide frequency band. Our simulation shows -20 dB over 75 MHz Null Band width, in VHF band. © 2006 IEEE  

Phased array antennas are generally used for the inherent flexibility to beamforming and null-steering electronically. In the phased arrays the side lobes level (SLL) level is main problem which causes waste of energy or saturation of the receiver in the case of presence of the strong spatial blockers. In this paper, a weighting method was first used to reduce the level of SLL. However, this method increased the beam width and reduced resolution, which is not suitable for track applications. In next step hoping to increase the resolution, the distance between the antennas increased. But in this way, grating lobes appeared in the final beam. In fact, the main idea of the article is to solve... 

The state-of-art technologies keep generating new ways of improving on remote sensing and Earth monitoring like Synthetic Aperture Radars that is widely used in military applications such as reconnaissance and espionage especially on military and industrial sensitive and strategic areas. In order to protection of strategic fields and being aware of hostile activities and also do sufficient countermeasure action, in this research a simple SAR satellite detection and tracking is proposed by using a reliable fast search and tracking antenna considering the limitation of radio visibility duration of SAR satellites. The tracking antenna is a DBF phased array antenna with circular polarized patch... 

A multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar system, unlike a conventional phased array radar, can choose freely the signals which transmitted via its antennas to maximize the power around the locations of the specific targets, or more generally to approximate a given transmit beampattern, and also to minimize the cross-correlation of the signals reflected back to the radar by the targets of interest. In this paper we use of phase-coded signals and show how the above desirable features of MIMO radars with some operational consideration can help us to have a desire beampattern. We suppose that for a collection of phase-coded signals, the elements of transmitted signals cross-correlation... 

Network-on-Chip (NoC) as a promising design approach for on-chip interconnect fabrics could overcome the energy as well as synchronization challenges of the conventional interconnects in the gigascale System-on-Chips (SoC); The advantages of communication performance of traditional wired NoC will no longer be continued by the future technology scaling. Packets that travel between distant nodes of a large scale wired on-chip network significantly suffer from energy dissipation and latency due to the routing overhead at each hop. According to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors annual report, the RFCMOS characteristics will be steadily improved by technology scaling. As the... 

In a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar unlike conventional phased array radar, we can choose freely between the probing signals transmitted via its antennas to maximize the transmitted power around specific target locations or to approximate a desire beam-pattern in different manners that many papers have taken into consideration so far. In an operational radar or communication environment, one of the usual phenomenon that happens is multipath. In this paper we'd like to take this effect into consideration and show that how this effect can influence our beam-pattern in a covariance based MIMO radar beam-forming. We will show that multipath can change beam-pattern peak direction,... 

A multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar system is an emerging research field which has attracted many studies in recent years. This type of radar, unlike conventional phased array radar, can transmit different probing signals via its antennas, that may be correlated or uncorrelated with each other. This waveform diversity offered by MIMO radar systems enable superior capabilities compared to conventional phased array radar. Many papers have introduced different ways for beamforming of MIMO radar. In this paper it is desirable to analysis some methods for beamforming of MIMO radars with planar arrays constellation and examine their 3D result beam-pattern of such constellations for... 

A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system., unlike a standard phased array radar., can choose freely the probing signals transmitted via its antennas to maximize the power around the locations of the targets of interest., or more generally to approximate a given transmit beam-pattern., or to minimize the cross-correlation of the signals reflected back to the radar by the targets of interest. In this paper it will be shown that how these more degrees of freedom to choose freely between probing signals in a MIMO radar can help to have an omnidirectional beam-pattern for a side-lobe blanker system., and it will be shown that with utilizing MIMO radars for a side-lobe blanker system.,... 

Weighting elements to achieve radiation patterns with desired characteristics is a classical work in phased array antennas. These characteristics can be low sidelobe level, narrow beamwidth, high directivity, pattern nulling in special angle and etc. For each of these characteristics, different methods have been introduced. Most of methods have been presented for uniform arrays, however there are lots of methods to obtain a desired pattern for antennas with non-uniform element distances. The problem with these methods is complexity or not very good results. In this paper, fast and easy methods based on Least Square Error that leads to good results are presented. In addition, weighting of... 

In this letter, array null steering is formulated as a sparse recovery problem. In addition, a novel null steering scheme for large arrays by perturbing only a few elements is presented. To achieve this goal, compressed sensing (CS) is used to exploit the sparsity of the perturbed elements. The advantages of the proposed scheme are a significant reduction in hardware cost and lower power consumption, as well as less aging of the elements and faster response. Simulation results show that the CS-based method could be efficiently used to generate wide nulls using at least two elements. The interference rejection ratio achieved by the proposed method is 10-20 dB better than the existing... 

In this letter, we use G/T as a figure of merit to evaluate the performance of time-modulated arrays (TMA). The noise performance of a receiver, which is periodically switched on and off, is quite different from that of a conventional receiver. We analytically investigate the noise performance of a TMA. Based on this analysis, the figure of merit, G/T, of the TMA structure is investigated, including the details of the receiver hardware. Moreover, the G/T of the TMA is compared with that of a phased array. The comparison indicates that the TMA structure provides the same or even better performance compared to a phased array system, which demonstrates the capability of TMA in providing... 

This paper presents a new implementation of adaptive beamforming algorithm that can be fully implemented on chip. It does not require the knowledge of the incoming signal direction or phase shifter characteristics. Besides, it eliminates the need for the ADC to convert the analog output signal to digital values for the microprocessor and the DAC to apply the calculated values to the control voltages of the analog phase shifters. Thus, it exhibits better convergence speed. In addition, the need for the complex and power-hungry processor is eliminated. Therefore, this implementation consumes less power. Analytical equations and constraints on system design parameters are derived, and the... 

This paper presents a new implementation of adaptive beamforming algorithm that can be fully implemented on chip. It does not require the knowledge of the incoming signal direction or phase shifter characteristics. Besides, it eliminates the need for the ADC to convert the analog output signal to digital values for the microprocessor and the DAC to apply the calculated values to the control voltages of the analog phase shifters. Thus, it exhibits better convergence speed. In addition, the need for the complex and power-hungry processor is eliminated. Therefore, this implementation consumes less power. Analytical equations and constraints on system design parameters are derived, and the... 

In the case that phased array systems are not capable of attenuating interferences, Radio Frequency (RF) front-ends and Analog Digital Converters (ADCs) with a large dynamic range are required to avoid saturation of the receiver. This leads to a higher power consumption. In this paper, employing N-path circuits in Mixer-First receivers, a novel method is introduced in which spatial and frequency blockers are eliminated right before entering the system on the antennas input. In fact using this technique, adjustable spatial notch filter and band-pass frequency filter are implemented to suppress spatial and frequency interferences. The proposed method enhances the robustness and effectiveness...