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    XFEM modeling of the effect of in-situ stresses on hydraulic fracture characteristics and comparison with KGD and PKN models

    , Article Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology ; 2022 ; 21900558 (ISSN) Esfandiari, M ; Pak, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH  2022
    Abstract
    Increasing the permeability of hydrocarbon reservoirs by creating artificial cracks that are induced by injection of fluids under high pressure is called hydraulic fracturing (HF). This method is widely used in petroleum reservoir engineering. For design of Hydraulic Fracture operations, several analytical models have been developed. KGD and PKN are the first and most used analytical models in this area. Although number of advanced softwares are developed in recent years, KGD and PKN models are still popular and have even been used in a number of softwares. In both models the characteristics of the fracture namely: fracture length (L), fracture width (w), and fluid pressure at the crack...