Sharif Digital Repository

Diabetes mellitus is a global endemic that is rapidly increasing prevalence in both developing and developed countries. Recently, the American Diabetes Association has recommended the hemoglobin A1c as a possible substitute to fasting blood glucose for diagnosis of diabetes because it is an indicator of long-term glycemic control. Also, centrifugal microfluidics systems have a good potential to be used in the point of care testing systems. In this study, two centrifugal microfluidic discs were designed and manufactured in order to separately measure the hemoglobin and hemoglobin A1c in the whole blood. In the first part of the study, the hemoglobin measurement disc consists of two chambers... 

Due to the urgent need for early diagnosis of many blood and gastrointestinal diseases, the development and optimization of rapid diagnosis kits is considered important. One of the best ways to make these kits is to use paper microfluidics. The paper platform is inexpensive and compatible with diagnostic processes and can enable rapid and high-sensitivity detection. In the present study, filter paper has been used as the main platform and hydrophobic channels have been created with the help of a hydrophobic marker to guide the fluid on the paper substrate. To perform the detection process, color changes resulting from the aggregation of nanoparticles on the paper are used. In this case, in... 

Microfluidics is the science of fabricating systems interfacing fluids of small volume and size ranging from microliters (10-6) to picolitres (10-12). Due to its remarkable features, such as low sample and reagent consumption, high sensitivity, low cost, automated devices, and short experimental time, microfluidic chips have been widely used as laboratory assays. As a term often used and described in “lab on a chip” and “organ on a chip” technologies, microfluidic chips have been used in the fast and frugal diagnosis of infectious diseases such as HIV, microscale surgery on single cells and tiny organisms and cell culture.The design, simulation, optimization, and fabrication of an... 

Cell lysis, as the first procedure of cell pretreatment, is a process that breaks cell membranes open thereby facilitating access to intracellular substances, such as DNA, proteins, and other components for further analysis to diagnose and treat diseases at early stages. Currently, there are several methods for cell lysis at macroscales. However, the time-consuming and expensive procedures as well as the large scal of the system are the main disadvantages of the systems. Recently, microfluidic systems have attracted considerable attention due to advantages associated with automation, integration and miniaturization of biomedical test protocols. Centrifugal microfluidics (Lab-on-a-Disc) is a... 

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction, as one of the most important steps in modern molecular diagnostics, is the process by which DNA is separated from intracellular materials like proteins, membranes, and other materials contained in the cell. Microfluidic technology enables sophisticated, time-consuming and costly experiments with minimal use of raw materials, time and cost and acceptable accuracy. The predominant advantages of centrifugal microfluidic systems are utilizing centrifugal force to generate propulsion without the need for a pump, and eliminating the need for experts to run the system. Various fluidic operations such as valving, mixing, metering, heating, and sample...