Sharif Digital Repository

Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, nanoparticles have been gaining increasing attention and have been used in many fields to fabricate new materials with novel functions. If nanoparticles are integrated with cement-based building materials, the new materials might possess some outstanding properties. Ferrocement is a type of thin-wall reinforced concrete commonly constructed of hydraulic cement mortar reinforced with closely spaced layers of continuous and relatively small-sized wire mesh. The low level of technical skill required to make ferrocement and the ready availability of its materials make ferrocement suitable for a wide variety of applications. This study... 

This study concentrates on the industrial waste materials which have pozzolanic and / or cementitious property and can possibly be used in concrete mixtures or in controlled low strength material (CLSM) mixes. These materials as a cementitious or pozzolan not only reserve the environment but can replace Portland cement or reduce it. As in production of one tonne of Portland cement about one tonne of carbon dioxide is released into the environment, the aim is to reduce the amount of the Portland cement use in construction materials as much as technically possible. The research shows that some of the industrial waste materials or by-product materials which are produced in a vast amount per... 

The major section of the city of Tehran, Iran has been developed on cemented coarse-grained alluvium. This deposit consists of gravely sand to sandy gravel with some cobbles and is dominantly cemented by carbonaceous materials. In order to understand the mechanical behaviour of this soil, a series of undrained triaxial compression tests and unconfined compression tests were performed on uncemented and artificially cemented samples. Portland cement type I was used as the cementation agent for preparing artificially cemented samples. Uncemented samples and lightly cemented samples (1.5% cement) tested at high confining pressure showed contractive behaviour accompanied with positive excess pore... 

An experimental study is conducted to measure small-strain shear modulus of clay-cement mixture using bender element apparatus setup in a triaxial cell. Bender element tests were conducted on cement-treated soils and the results were analyzed to study the variation of shear modulus properties of soil specimens at different cement contents, confining pressures, curing times, and compaction moisture contents. Based on the obtained results increasing the cement ratio has a significant effect on the small-strain shear modulus of the treated soils, and this effect signifies with increasing the moisture content and curing time. Rates of shear modulus enhancements due to cement content, curing... 

Alkali-activated binders have been proposed and have emerged as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) binders with acceptable mechanical and durability performances in addition to positive environmental impacts. These alternative binders use a wide range of aluminosilicate precursors, with differing availabilities, reactivities, costs and CO2 emissions. Despite all the studies published on improving the characteristics of these materials in the last decades, some aspects of alkali-activated binders require further investigations. For instance, shrinkage in alkali-activated binders due to the different chemical processes being involved is more complicated than OPC composites and it... 

This study concentrated on the formulation of self-flowing and an energy efficient lightweight aggregate foamed concrete (LAFC) to be employed as thermal insulation, thermal mass and structural material. Low density concrete mixtures (for the density values from 800 to 1300 kg/m3) were prepared by changing the volume of lightweight expanded clay aggregate (ECA) from 49.4% to 20.1%. Flowing properties of concrete mixtures were improved with the help of stable foam. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was replaced by the 5% and 10% silica fume (SF) to examine the influence of SF on the properties of LAFC. Compressive strength and tensile strength of LAFC mixtures were respectively enhanced from 6.5... 

Prior studies were conducted in an isolated manner for the use of glass powder (GP) either as ordinary Portland cement (OPC) replacement material in blended cement or as a precursor in AAM material. There was no reported literature that made a direct comparison on the properties of blended cement and AAM containing GP with an equivalent mix composition. The present study was aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of GP as a partial precursor on properties of both OPC and alkali-activated slag (AAS) mortars. For this purpose, cement and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) was partially replaced with 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% (by weight) GP in OPC and AAS mortars, respectively. The... 

Crack propagation processes in specially prepared concrete discs and rectangular specimens containing a single cylindrical hole or multiple holes of varying diameters have been studied both experimentally and numerically. In this research, the cracks coalescence paths in Brazilian disc and rectangular specimens made from rock-like material containing multi-holes are investigated. These concrete specimens are specially prepared from an appropriate mixture of Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), fine sands, and water. The pre-holed Brazilian discs and rectangular specimens are experimentally tested under compression. The breakage load in the ring type disc specimens containing an axial hole with... 

A series of water-soluble ABA triblock copolymers consisting of a polyethylene glycol central block joined to two blocks of six different homopolymers have been synthesized via simple solvent-free and ecofriendly routes and characterized by FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopy. Dispersing and slump-retaining abilities of the copolymers in cement slurries were evaluated by mini-slump spread method. Rheological measurements of samples with the best performance were carried out using a rate-controlled coaxial cylinder viscometer. The test results indicate that the dispersing power of the copolymers in cement pastes is strongly affected by the structure and degree of polymerization of the monomers  

This research evaluates the effect of filler type and content on rutting resistance of asphaltic materials by using laboratory experiments. To examine the effect of filler type, two traditional fillers (Silica sandstone powder and Portland cement) and a new recycled lime powder (Eggshell) were considered. To investigate the effect of filler content, three different filler contents were used. Marshall Stability test was performed on full mixes in order to determine the optimum binder content of the mixtures. Then, the static creep test was performed on Fine Aggregate Matrix (FAM) samples. The permanent strain after 10 minutes of recovery (PS-660) was considered as the indicator of potential... 

It is beyond dispute that technological change acts as a driver of economic growth. In developing countries where highly suffer from lack of this process, incremental innovation is considered as main source of technology capability building and development In moving toward this pass and to meet with time pressure of catching up, developing countries acquire the initial required knowledge base through technology absorption from outside sources; On the other hand as development is a lengthy process, it is important that the absorbed knowledge still has the potential of more advancement in future. Therefore a selection instrument with ability of assessing different knowledge base or... 

The behavior of a cemented gravely sand was studied using triaxial compression tests. Gypsum, Portland cement and lime were used as the cementing agents in sample preparation. The samples with different cement types were compared in equal cement contents. Three cement contents of 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% were selected for sample preparation. Drained and undrained triaxial compression tests were conducted in a range of confining pressures from 25 kPa to 500 kPa. Failure modes, shear strength, stress-strain behavior, volume and pore pressure changes were considered. The gypsum cement induced the highest brittleness in soil among three cement types while the Portland cement was found to be the most... 

Pozzolanic materials, either naturally occurring or artificially made, have long been in practice since the early civilization. In recent years, the utilisation of pozzolanic materials in concrete construction has become increasingly widespread, and this trend is expected to continue in the years ahead because of technological, economical and ecological advantages of the materials. One of the latest additions to the ash family is palm oil fuel ash, a waste material obtained on burning of palm oil husk and palm kernel shell as fuel in palm oil mill boilers, which has been identified as a good pozzolanic material. This paper highlights test results on the performance behavior of palm oil fuel... 

Polymer concrete is well-known for quick repairing of concrete structures and pavement. However, there are relatively few studies on the durability of epoxy polymer concrete (EPC). This study aims to investigate the long-term environmental effects on the mechanical properties of EPC. Therefore, EPC and ordinary cement concrete (OCC) specimens were prepared and exposed to four chemical solutions with pH values of 2.5, 7, 12.5 and artificial seawater in intervals of 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Epoxy resin (10 and 12% by weight) and Portland cement were used as binder phase in EPC and OCC specimens, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was additionally applied to investigate the... 

Purpose: This research attempts to formulate an analytical model for the studying and assessment of necessary factors that have strong effects on the level of Iranian Technology Park competitiveness. The result of this model leads to increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of Technology Parks planning stage. Methodology/Approach: The main framework of this research is based on studying the projects and research, which in their methods use the Porter's diamond model or SWOT analytical method. On the other hand, this framework is customized for the future needs of Technology Parks and clarifies the kind of information that must be gathered. Finding: Identification of the core competencies... 

In this paper, to set R&D priorities at sector level, a developed method is proposed which is combined of scenario planning and critical technologies method and then applied for prioritizing R&D issues of membrane technology in National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC). In the first phase (through 3 steps), scope of NIGC is mapped using national documents and viewpoints of experts and managers. This map includes main process of gas processing and gas conversions. Then strategic goals of gas industry including gas exports, conversions, injection and internal use, are developed. Also Strategic Technology Units (STUs) are identified and twenty distinct membrane technologies including technologies of... 

Alkali-activated slag (AAS) binder has been recognized as a suitable material for construction applications owing to its low carbon footprint and good mechanical and durability performance. As a promising alternative to the conventional Portland cement binder, it is important to maximize the performance of AAS composites under normal and harsh environmental conditions such as exposure to fire. The use of fibers in a brittle matrix is a well-known approach to enhance the mechanical strength and cracking behavior under thermal loading. In this study, polypropylene fiber (PPF), glass fiber (GF), and basalt fiber (BF) are used at volume fractions of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% in AAS mortar mixes. First,... 

Pervious concrete (PC) has been detecting application in pavement and concrete structures such as dams, small retaining walls, and etc during the past decades. Also, in recent years, the types of resins have been introduced to apply in concrete owing to the enhancing in mechanical and durability characteristics. However, few studies have investigated the mechanical behavior of high performance pervious concrete (HPPC) incorporated by polyester and epoxy resins as polymeric composites, where ordinary cement material has been completely deleted. The purpose of this investigation is to compare the mechanical properties, permeability, and durability of HPPCs made by polymeric composites (i.e....