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reflex--stretch
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Dynamic stability of spine using stability-based optimization and muscle spindle reflex
, Article IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering ; Volume 16, Issue 1 , 2008 , Pages 106-118 ; 15344320 (ISSN) ; Hemami, H ; Barin, K ; Shirazi Adl, A ; Parnianpour, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2008
Abstract
A computational method for simulation of 3-D movement of the trunk under the control of 48 anatomically oriented muscle actions was developed. Neural excitation of muscles was set based on inverse dynamics approach along with the stability-based optimization. The effect of muscle spindle reflex response on the trunk movement stability was evaluated upon the application of a perturbation moment. The method was used to simulate the trunk movement from the upright standing to 60° of flexion. Incorporation of the stability condition as an additional constraint in the optimization resulted in an increase in antagonistic activities demonstrating that the antagonistic co-activation acts to increase...
Neuromuscular control of the point to point and oscillatory movements of a sagittal arm with the actor-critic reinforcement learning method
, Article Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering ; Volume 8, Issue 2 , 2005 , Pages 103-113 ; 10255842 (ISSN) ; Parnianpour, M ; Lucas, C ; Sharif University of Technology
2005
Abstract
In this study, we have used a single link system with a pair of muscles that are excited with alpha and gamma signals to achieve both point to point and oscillatory movements with variable amplitude and frequency. The system is highly nonlinear in all its physical and physiological attributes. The major physiological characteristics of this system are simultaneous activation of a pair of nonlinear musclelike- actuators for control purposes, existence of nonlinear spindle-like sensors and Golgi tendon organlike sensor, actions of gravity and external loading. Transmission delays are included in the afferent and efferent neural paths to account for a more accurate representation of the reflex...