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Investigation of carrier demand response uncertainty on energy flow of renewable-based integrated electricity-gas-heat systems
, Article IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics ; Volume 14, Issue 11 , 2018 , Pages 5133-5142 ; 15513203 (ISSN) ; Niknam, T ; Fotuhi Firuzabad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Since there are heavy interdependencies among the electrical, heat, and gas systems to supply various load types worldwide, operation of multi-energy carrier (MEC) systems faces critical challenges. Moreover, any uncertainty rising in one carrier would directly influence the energy flow and the secure operation of the whole MEC system. This issue intensifies when an MEC system is integrated with industrial energy carrier demand response (ECDR) consumers and renewable energy sources (RESs). Large industrial ECDR consumers can increase the system uncertainty by randomly participating in the demand response programs and utilizing various carriers. Accordingly, this paper presents a powerful...