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Optimization of Xylitol Production
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Alemzade, Iran (Supervisor)
Abstract
Xylitol is a sugar alcohol or polyol that has been used as a food additive and sweetening agent due to Its high sweetening power, anti-cariogenic properties and possibilities for use in diabetic food products, makes xylitol an attractive sucrose substitute in a wide variety of foods and beverages. Xylitol is a five carbon polyol or pentitol obtained by the hydrogenation of xylose. xylitol could be produced from xylose in rice seed coats medium by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For xylitol production, S.cerevisiae was grown in preculture medium at 30°C and agitated at 120 rpm on a rotary platform shaker. The cells were harvested after 20hr, were centrifuged and transferred to the production...
Corrigendum: “optimum rice husk ash content and bacterial concentration in self-compacting concrete” (construction and building materials (2019) 222 (796–813), (S0950061819316198), (10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.190))
, Article Construction and Building Materials ; Volume 283 , 2021 ; 09500618 (ISSN) ; Shoaei, P ; Bahrami, N ; Vaezi, M. S ; Ozbakkaloglu, T ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
The authors regret that there were minor errors in the labels of the XRD patterns of cement and micro-silica presented in Figs. 1 and 2, which have been corrected in the figures included here. In addition, due to concerns over the reliability of the XRD pattern of pumice shown in Fig. 9, as caused by a low signal count, the authors have re-analyzed the pumice and the updated XRD pattern has been included here. It is worth noting that these changes do not affect any of the conclusions. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. © 2021
Production of glucoamylase by aspergillus niger under solid state fermentation
, Article International Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications ; Volume 25, Issue 1 , 2012 , Pages 1-7 ; 1728-144X (ISSN) ; Vossoughi, M ; Roostaazad, R ; Ahmadi, M ; Zarrabi, A ; Hosseini, S. M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
In this study, Glucoamylase production by Aspergillus niger was investigated under solid state fermentation using low cost by-products of agricultural processes as substrate. Highest enzyme production was observed when a combination of wheat bran (WB) and corn flour (CF) was used as compared to WB+ rice bran, WB+ rice flour and WB alone. Several compositions of corn flours were experimented. The best combination of WB in addition of 10% corn flour resulted maximum enzyme activities. Study of the fermentations in flasks revealed 373.3 IU/gds and 41.4 g/l for the enzyme activity and protein concentration respectively under conditions of 30± 1°C, pH 4.7 and time 96 h. Optimum conditions...
Properties Evaluation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Containing Rice Husk Ash
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Jahanshahi, Mohsen (Supervisor) ; Shams, Mohammad Reza (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
The Self-Consolidating (Compacting) Concrete (SCC) is a high performance concrete. Due to preventing it from segregation, SCC is known by its need to higher dosage of super plasticizer and viscose modifying agents. This increases the cost and reduces the popularity of SCC in construction industry. In this thesis, the production of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) from a controlled burning process using a special designed furnace, and cement replacement feasibility in the concrete mixture by low cost RHA, as an active pozzulanic additive have been investigated. Finding an appropriate ratio of replacement with cement for RHA and further effects on mechanical properties of SCC have been evaluated. The...
Effectiveness of herbicide to control rice weeds in diverse saline environments
, Article Sustainability (Switzerland) ; Volume 13, Issue 4 , 2021 , Pages 1-12 ; 20711050 (ISSN) ; Juraimi, A. S ; Karim, S. M. R ; Khan, M. S. I ; Islam, M. S ; Choudhury, M. K ; Soufan, W ; Alharby, H ; Bamagoos, A ; Iqbal, M. A ; Hnilicka, F ; Kubes, J ; Rahman, M. H. U ; Saud, S ; Hassan, M. M ; Sabagh, A. E. L ; Sharif University of Technology
MDPI AG
2021
Abstract
To mitigate environmental pollution and food contamination caused by inappropriate and excessive herbicide usage, most potent herbicides should be screened to control rice weeds. A research trial was executed for assessing the comparative efficacy of different herbicides to control rice field weeds and to evaluate the toxicity on rice under normal (distilled water) as well as different salinity levels (4 and 8 dS m-1). The study was designed to select the most potent herbicide and its appropriate dose for weed control of rice crop in coastal areas. Fourteen herbicidal treatments were included weed free crop, Pretilachlor (0.25, 0.50, 0.375 and 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1), Propanil + Thiobencarb (0.6...
Comparison of Performance of Rice Husk Ash in Cement Mixtures Compared with other Artificial Pozzolan
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Khalu, Alireza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Growing production of cement and concrete in developing countries like Iran in addition to high amounts of energy consumption and pollutants formation through production of cement has motivated researchers to partially replace it with suitable additive materials. In this study, the chemo-physical and microstructural properties of rice husk ash as an agricultural waste and its performance in cement mixtures as a pozzolan is experimentally investigated. Parameters influencing the pozzolanic properties of this material that are studied include the effect of acid leaching before pyro-processing, heating rate, temperature, retention time, and cooling rate. Additionally, this material is compared...
On The Chemo-Physical and Microstructural Properties of Rice Husk Ash and Its Performance in Cement Mixtures
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Khalu, Alireza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Growing production of cement and concrete in developing countries like Iran in addition to high amounts of energy consumption and pollutants formation through production of cement has motivated researchers to partially replace it with suitable additive materials. In this study, the chemo-physical and microstructural properties of rice husk ash as an agricultural waste and its performance in cement mixtures as a pozzolan is experimantally investigated. Parameters influencing the pozzolanic properties of this material that are studied include the effect of acid leaching before pyro-processing, heating rate, retention time, and grinding time. Additionally, this material is compared with other...
Removal of Heavy Methal Ions from Wastwater Via Novel Nanocomposite of Biochar/Tio2
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Farhadi, Fathollah (Supervisor)
Abstract
To investigate the metallic cation (Ni and Pb) removal performance of the rice barn-obtained biochar which was modified by nitric acid and titanium nanoparticles (TiO2) adsorption tests were conducted in continuous and non-continuous systems. First section addressed the characterization of the synthesized sorbents using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy (EDX) and sorption-desorption porosity analysis (BET). In the second section, the effect of different parameters such as pH, initial concentration of the metallic ions, temperature, time, sorbent content, ionic...
Synthesis of Fe3O4@ SiO2 Core-shell Magnetic Nanoparticles with Porous SiO2 Shell Extracted from Rice Husk Ash
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Nemati, Ali (Supervisor)
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles, especially magnetic nanoparticles with silicate coatings, have attracted the attention of many researchers; Mainly because the silica shell can be functionalized with different molecules and functional groups and used in biological applications as targeted drug carriers. This study aimed to synthesize Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles with continuous and porous SiO2 shells on the surface of Fe3O4 particles. So that the coating is done evenly and with a strong connection. The procedure was as follows: core nanoparticle individual nanoparticles were made by the single-step method. To extract silica from rice husk, rice husk was subjected to heat treatment to obtain rice...
Conventional and Hyperspectral Imaging Combined with Chemometric Techniques for Rice Authentication
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Parastar Shahri, Hadi (Supervisor)
Abstract
Fast, non-destructive and reliable methods for food authentication purposes have been deemed important in recent years. The hyperspectral imaging technique (HSI) is a powerful method in this field, allowing the study of different features such as size, color, texture. Comprehensive interpretation is crucial, and utilizing chemometric methods enhances data interpretation. Rice is a vital and strategic food source for nearly half of the world, with Asia, particularly Iran, being a leading producer and exporter. Various types of rice fraud exist, including the mixing of high-quality and low-quality varieties, sold at a high cost. The present project aims to determine the geographical origin and...
The effects of a hydrochloric acid pre-treatment on the physicochemical properties and pozzolanic performance of rice husk ash
, Article Cement and Concrete Composites ; Volume 39 , 2013 , Pages 131-140 ; 09589465 (ISSN) ; Khaloo, A. R ; Rajabipour, F ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of acid normality (0.01-6 N HCl) and combustion retention time (0.25- 16 hours) on the pozzolanic properties of pre-combustion acid-treated rice husk ash. The pozzolanic reactivity was quantified by adding ground ash to saturated Ca(OH)2 solutions and monitoring the time-dependent electrical conductivity and pH of the solutions. Also, the strength activity of ashes from different processes was measured by testing the compressive strength of mortars. It was observed that acid treatment results in ashes with higher SiO2 content, lower alkali and unburned carbon content, better grindability, and smaller particle size, in comparison with ash from non-acid...
Determination of antioxidant component and activity of rice bran extract
, Article Scientia Iranica ; Volume 18, Issue 6 , December , 2011 , Pages 1402-1406 ; 10263098 (ISSN) ; Alemzadeh, I ; Maghsoudi, V ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
Rice bran is one of the most important co-products in the rice milling. In this research, antioxidant activity of two Iranian rice bran varieties, Fajr and Tarem, extracted by three different solvents (methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate) was evaluated. The order of antioxidant activity was evaluated by measurement of total phenolic content, antioxidant activity in linoleic acid system, reducing power and scavenging capacity by DPPH radical. The methanolic extract of Fajr rice bran showed a total phenolic content of 3.31 mg Gallic acid/gr rice bran and a DPPH free radical-scavenging activity of 93.91%, achieved at 50 mg/ml concentration, and a percent inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation...
On the parameters influencing chemo-physical properties of rice husk ash and its performance in cement mortars
, Article Proceedings, Annual Conference - Canadian Society for Civil Engineering ; Volume 2 , 2011 , Pages 1248-1255 ; 9781618392183 (ISBN) ; Khaloo, A. R ; Nasir, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
One of the most conventional and energy efficient methods to improve the engineering properties of concrete is the utilization of waste materials and by-products. Among agricultural wastes, rice husk ash (RHA) has exhibited the greatest potential to enhance the characteristics of cement mixtures. However, the investigations on the properties and performance of RHA are slim compared to its potential advantages and few systematic studies can be found in the literature regarding parameters influencing the chemo-physical and microstructural characteristics of RHA along with its performance in cement mixtures. In this study, the effect of retention time of rice husk is systematically...
Biological hydrogen production by Enterobacter aerogenes: Structural analysis of treated rice straw and effect of substrate concentration
, Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; Volume 43, Issue 18 , 2018 , Pages 8718-8728 ; 03603199 (ISSN) ; Karimi Alavijeh, M ; Zilouei, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2018
Abstract
The effect of organosolv pretreatment on the structure of rice straw was analyzed under different treatment severities and solvent concentrations. At higher severities, on account of a greater fragmentation of less crystalline parts, including amorphous cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, the severer the pretreatment was, the higher the crystallinity index became; however, changes in the index was less tangible with a severity factor lower than 3.3. At the low to mild pretreatment temperatures (120 °C and 150 °C), higher ethanol concentrations led to the lower crystallinity index. Despite an increasing trend of crystallinity index at harsh conditions, SEM images indicated the formation of...
Optimum rice husk ash content and bacterial concentration in self-compacting concrete
, Article Construction and Building Materials ; Volume 222 , 2019 , Pages 796-813 ; 09500618 (ISSN) ; Shoaei, P ; Bahrami, N ; Vaezi, M ; Ozbakkaloglu, T ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2019
Abstract
This study is aimed at optimizing the rice husk ash (RHA) content and bacterial concentration in self-compacting concrete (SCC). For this purpose, cement was partially replaced with RHA at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% by weight of cement. In addition, micro-silica (MS) was added to all mixes at a dosage of 10% by weight of cementitious materials. The mix with the optimum RHA content was supplied with bacterial cells with concentrations of 103, 105, and 107 cells/ml to reduce the formation of micro-cracks. The RHA concretes showed reduced workability with increasing RHA content. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed on...
Estimation of the compressive strength of green concretes containing rice husk ash: a comparison of different machine learning approaches
, Article European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering ; 2022 ; 19648189 (ISSN) ; Mohammadi Golafshani, E ; Ebrahimi, S. A ; Behnood, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2022
Abstract
To mitigate the environmental issues related to the utilisation of ordinary portland cement (OPC) in concrete mixtures, attempts have been carried out to find alternative binders such as rice husk ash (RHA) as replacements for OPC. This study contributes to moving from the traditional laboratory-based methods for the determination of compressive strength (CS) towards machine learning-based approaches by developing three accurate models (i.e. artificial neural network (ANN), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) and M5P model tree) for the estimation of the CS of concretes containing RHA. For this purpose, the models were developed employing 909 data records collected through...
An Artificial Neural Networks Model for Predicting Permeability Properties of Nano Silica-Rice Husk Ash Ternary Blended Concrete
, Article International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials ; Volume 7, Issue 3 , September , 2013 , Pages 225-238 ; 22341315 (ISSN) ; Khaloo, A ; Iraji zad, A ; Abdul Rashid, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Korea Concrete Institute
2013
Abstract
In this study, a two-layer feed-forward neural network was constructed and applied to determine a mapping associating mix design and testing factors of cement-nano silica (NS)-rice husk ash ternary blended concrete samples with their performance in conductance to the water absorption properties. To generate data for the neural network model (NNM), a total of 174 field cores from 58 different mixes at three ages were tested in the laboratory for each of percentage, velocity and coefficient of water absorption and mix volumetric properties. The significant factors (six items) that affect the permeability properties of ternary blended concrete were identified by experimental studies which were:...
Enhancement of brick-mortar shear bond strength using environmental friendly mortars
, Article Construction and Building Materials ; Volume 195 , 2019 , Pages 28-40 ; 09500618 (ISSN) ; Toufigh, V ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2019
Abstract
Usage of masonry system in many regions of the world like the Eastern Mediterranean, the Middle East, India, and China is still significantly high, despite their highly energy and intensive emission. Most of the failures in this system are caused by low ductility of cement mortars. This type of failure could be seen in masonry structures in areas in east Iran after Kermanshah earthquake in 2017. The present study investigates the shear bond characteristics of structures constructed by masonry using green materials. “Taftan” natural pozzolan and two types of rice husk ash (RHA) were used in mix design of used mortars as green materials. In this investigation, a modified direct shear test...
Antioxidant Production from Rice Bran and Optimization of the Process
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Alemzadeh, Iran (Supervisor) ; Maghsoudi, Vida (Supervisor)
Abstract
An antioxidant is a molecule capable of preventing the oxidation of other molecules and neutralizing free radicals. Free radicals are the root cause for many human diseases.Rice bran is one of the most important co-products in the rice milling.In this research antioxidant activity of two Iranian rice bran varieties Fajr and Tarem, extracted by three different solvents (methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate),determined at different time of extraction by measurement of total phenolic content, free radical scavenging, inhabitation of linoleic acid peroxidation and reducing power. The methanolic extract of Fajr rice bran produced strong results in antioxidant activity. The amount of Total...
Enhancement of fungal delignification of rice straw by Trichoderma viride sp. to improve its saccharification
, Article Biochemical Engineering Journal ; Volume 101 , September , 2015 , Pages 77-84 ; 1369703X (ISSN) ; Karimi, M ; Biria, D ; Kariminia, H. R ; Jeihanipour, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
2015
Abstract
Fungal delignification can be considered as a feasible process to pre-treat lignocellulosic biomass in biofuel production, if its performance is improved in terms of efficiency thorough a few modifications. In this study, Trichoderma viride was utilized to investigate the effect of wet-milling, addition of surfactant (Tween 80) and optimization of operating factors such as temperature, biomass to liquid medium ratio and glucose concentration on biodelignification of rice straw. Next, the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass was studied at various pretreatment times. Results revealed that the wet milling and addition of surfactant increases the lignin removal about 15% and 11%,...