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Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on Entrainment Coefficient in Density Current and Introducing Modified Richardson Number
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Firoozabadi, Bahar (Supervisor)
Abstract
Dense underflows are continuous currents, caused by interaction of two or more fluids of different density. Density currents move down-slope due their density being heavier than that of the ambient water. In this work, entrainment in 3-D density currents in a straight channel was investigated by a set of experimental studies and Theoretical calculations. Velocity components were measured using Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV). First of all, the bed shear stress was calculated by the velocity profile method and Reynolds stress method as well and showed a good agreement. By increasing the Richardson number, the bed shear stress decreases. On the other hand, the interface shear stress was...
Three-Dimensional Large Eddy Simulation of Continuous Density Currents
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Firoozabadi, Bahar (Supervisor) ; Afshin, Hossein (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
When a fluid moves inside another fluid while they have unequal density, a phenomena occurs which is called density (or gravity) current. Therefore density difference and gravity are key factors of density current generation. Due to application in engineering and geology, it is essential to investigate and analyze the above mentioned phenomena. Dam reservoirs, sandstorm in deserts, snow slide onset and falling, ash clouds produced during eruption of a volcano, and spreading of density current due to the collapsing of reservoirs are some examples of gravity current. There are lots of methods to simulate the turbulence of density current like DNS or RANS. But DNS has high computational cost...
Experimental and Theoretical Study on Interfacial Instabilities of Turbidity Currents
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Firoozabadi, Bahar (Supervisor) ; Afshin, Hossein (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Turbidity currents are one of the more frequently observed types of stratified flows. In these currents, the density difference is created as a result of particles. Hydrodynamic instabilities at the interface of these currents could occur in various modes and have an important role in the mixing process. The main goal of this study is to investigate the interfacial stability of turbidity current, theoretical and experimentally. The linear stability analysis in temporal and spatial framework are used for studying the stability characteristics of a particle-laden stratified two-layer flow for two different background density profiles: smooth (hyperbolic tangent) and piecewise linear. The...
Three-dimensional modeling of density current in a straight channel
, Article Journal of Hydraulic Engineering ; Volume 135, Issue 5 , 2009 , Pages 393-402 ; 07339429 (ISSN) ; Afshin, H ; Aram, E ; Sharif University of Technology
2009
Abstract
Dense underflows are continuous currents that move downslope due to their density being heavier than that of the ambient water. In this work, a steady density current with a uniform velocity and concentration from a narrow sluice gate enters into a wide channel of lighter ambient fluid and moves forward downslope. Experiments varying inlet velocity and concentration and hence inlet Richardson numbers were conducted. Numerical simulations were also performed with a low-Reynolds number k-ε model. The results of numerical simulation agree well with the experimental data. © 2009 ASCE
Two-phase, Two-component Simulation of Nanofluids in Natural Convection Applying Lattice Boltzmann Method
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Saeedi, Mohammad Hassan (Supervisor)
Abstract
The advances of technology of microelectrical devices and their computational capacity and so, their heat rates, make the thermal control of them more complex. Utilizing nanopfluids is one of proposing options. The current research investigates the effectiveness of using nanoparticles on the heat transfer rate of fluids in the natural convection. A two-component two-phase lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been implemented for this purpose. A wide range of Rayleigh number (Ra), namely 103 to 109, 0 to 0.05 volume fraction s of nanoparticles and nanoparticle diameters below 100 nm has been investigated in this research. The method is optimized for complex geometries. Two and three dimensional...
Linear analysis of the stability of particle-laden stratified shear layers
, Article Canadian Journal of Physics ; Vol. 92, issue. 2 , 2014 , pp. 103-115 ; ISSN: 00084204 ; Firoozabadi, B ; Afshin, H
Abstract
Hydrodynamic instabilities at the interface of stratified shear layers could occur in various modes and have an important role in the mixing process. In this work, the linear stability analysis in the temporal framework is used to study the stability characteristics of a particle-laden stratified two-layer flow for two different background density profiles: smooth (hyperbolic tangent) and piecewise linear. The effect of parameters, such as bed slope, viscosity, and particle size, on the stability is also considered. The pseudospectral collocation method employing Chebyshev polynomials is used to solve two coupled eigenvalue equations. Based on the results, there are some differences in the...
Experimental study on the interfacial instability of particle-laden stratified shear flows
, Article Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering ; Volume 40, Issue 4 , April , 2018 ; 16785878 (ISSN) ; Firoozabadi, B ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2018
Abstract
Turbidity currents are one of the more frequently observed types of stratified flows. In these currents, the density difference is created as a result of suspended particles. The interfacial instability of turbidity current is studied experimentally in the present research. Both Kelvin–Helmholtz and (asymmetric) Holmboe instabilities are observed during the experiments; the first one was downstream, and the second one was upstream of the obstacle. Kelvin–Helmholtz instability is observed by approximately zero (phase) speed with respect to the mean flow. With the aim of measuring spectral distribution of velocity fluctuations, the effects of some parameters are studied on interfacial waves;...
Linear spatial stability analysis of particle-laden stratified shear layers
, Article Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering ; Volume 41, Issue 6 , 2019 ; 16785878 (ISSN) ; Firoozabadi, B ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2019
Abstract
Hydrodynamic instabilities at the interface of stratified shear layers could occur in various modes. These instabilities have an important role in the mixing process. In this work, the linear stability analysis in spatial framework is used to study the stability characteristics of a particle-laden stratified two-layer flow. The effect of parameters such as velocity-to-density thickness ratio, bed slope, viscosity as well as particle size on the stability is considered. A simple iterative method applying the pseudospectral collocation method that employed Chebyshev polynomials is used to solve two coupled eigenvalue equations. Based on the results, the flow becomes stable for Richardson...
Numerical simulation of MHD mixed convection flow of Al2O3–water nanofluid over two hot obstacles
, Article Heat Transfer ; Volume 51, Issue 4 , 2022 , Pages 3237-3256 ; 26884534 (ISSN) ; Saidi, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
John Wiley and Sons Inc
2022
Abstract
The problem of cooling two hot blocks in a novel geometry using magnetohydrodynamic flow of Al2O3–water nanofluid has been studied utilizing a D2Q9 Lattice Boltzmann Model. While the Hartmann number (Ha) takes 0, 50, or 100 values, the Richardson number (Ri) varies between 0.02 and 20. Four variations of the geometry are selected. The gravity angle is set to be either (Formula presented.), (Formula presented.), or (Formula presented.). Results reveal that the Nusselt number (Nu) increases as Ri increases for all cases. Furthermore, the Hartmann number has a deteriorating effect on the Nusselt number except for low Ri numbers. In addition, the results indicate that while the geometrical...
Hydrodynamics analysis of Density currents
, Article International Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications ; Volume 21, Issue 3 , 2008 , Pages 211-226 ; 1728-144X (ISSN) ; Firoozabadi, B ; Rad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Materials and Energy Research Center
2008
Abstract
Density Current is formed when a fluid with heavier density than the surrounding fluid flows down an inclined bed. These types of flows are common in nature and can be produced by; salinity, temperature inhomogeneities, or suspended particles of silt and clay. Driven by the density difference between inflow and clear water in reservoirs, density current plunges clear water and moves towards a dam, while density current flows on a sloping bed. The vertical spreading due to water entrainment has an important role in determining the propagation rate in the longitudinal direction. In this work, two-dimensional steady-state salt solutions' density currents were investigated by means of...