Sharif Digital Repository

Closed cell aluminum foams are fabricated by using the casting method. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of foams are investigated in the frequency range of 1.44–5 and 8–12 GHz (X band).The shielding materials are made of Al foam with the addition of different concentrations of SiC (5, 10, 15 wt%). Results show that the Al/SiC composite foams have good shielding effectiveness. EMI shielding effectiveness of samples generally increased with increasing porosity and with the increasing of SiC content. The sample with 15 wt% SiC had shielding effectiveness values of up to 150 dB  

Fluxgate magnetometers with different design and core materials have been made. The sensors have been characterized and the frequency responses of the sensors have been measured. The fluxgate magnetometer based on orthogonal design and amorphous wire core working in fundamental mode reaches 30pT/Hz noise level and 40μV/nT sensitivity. Finally an active magnetic shield constructed based on the amorphous core fluxgate magnetometer reaches more than 60dB field attenuation for DC field and has a good response for frequencies below 100Hz  

In order to achieve stable operation for a developed high-Tc SQUID-based magnetocardiography system, a two-stage active magnetic shielding technique is implemented. This technique is based on a combination of fluxgate and high-Tc SQUID magnetometers feedback loops. While two YBCO rf SQUIDs in a gradiometric configuration are used at liquid Nitrogen temperature as the main sensors for the heart signal detection and low-amplitude noise signals cancellation in one stage, a fluxgate is used to cancel large far-field environmental noise in the other stage feedback loop. The fluxgate sensors working in the fundamental mode under the optimized bias conditions have white noise levels less than 10... 

Due to biological effects of magnetic fields of high voltage transmission lines and induceed effects on gas pipe line, telecommunication system and inteference with sensitive electronic equipment, many effort have been done to reduce transmission lines magnetic fields and several ideas have been introduced. In this paper we review three methods: phase split, shielded and compacted line methods. With aid of a developed software programme these methods are then applied to transmission lines and the results are analyzed  

light weight and low-cost active magnetic shield sys-tem is proposed for a single channel SQUID-based magnetocardiog-raphy system equipped for operating at liquid nitrogen temperature without passive magnetic shield. The developed active shield, using coils around the sensors, is a two-stage magnetic shielding system, each stage of which has been designed to compensate different fre-quency and dynamic ranges. The sensor part contains two high-Tc rf-SQUID magnetometers, capable of working stably under earth magnetic field, placed in an axial gradiometric arrangement with a baseline of 10 cm. The active shield setup is driven using two corre-lated proportional-integral-derivative closed loop... 

A light weight and low-cost active magnetic shield system is proposed for a single channel SQUID-based magnetocardiography system equipped for operating at liquid nitrogen temperature without passive magnetic shield. The developed active shield, using coils around the sensors, is a two-stage magnetic shielding system, each stage of which has been designed to compensate different frequency and dynamic ranges. The sensor part contains two high-Tc rf-SQUID magnetometers, capable of working stably under earth magnetic field, placed in an axial gradiometric arrangement with a baseline of 10 cm. The active shield setup is driven using two correlated proportional-integral-derivative closed loop... 

We proposed a simple method to enhance shielding factor of our previously proposed bi-stage active shield system employed in a SQUID-based magnetocardiography system. The additional proposed design is optimized for canceling the power-line magnetic interference field to provide a calmer magnetic environment for the bi-stage active shield. A 50 Hz cancellation coil is placed around the bi-stage shielding system which includes inner and outer coils designed for compensating low-frequency (0-0.1Hz) and high-frequency (0.1-100Hz) environmental magnetic noise, respectively. In this configuration, a SQUID magnetometer is located at the center of these coils. Considering that the power-line... 

We proposed a simple method to enhance shielding factor of our previously proposed bi-stage active shield system employed in a SQUID-based magnetocardiography system. The additional proposed design is optimized for canceling the power-line magnetic interference field to provide a calmer magnetic environment for the bi-stage active shield. A 50 Hz cancellation coil is placed around the bi-stage shielding system which includes inner and outer coils designed for compensating low-frequency (0-0.1Hz) and high-frequency (0.1-100Hz) environmental magnetic noise, respectively. In this configuration, a SQUID magnetometer is located at the center of these coils. Considering that the power-line... 

The purpose of this article is to investigate the shielding performance of the B2O3-Bi2O3-ZnO-Li2O glasses against the gamma-ray. To this end, the attenuation parameters of the gamma-ray inside the B2O3-Bi2O3-ZnO-Li2O glasses were evaluated in the energy range of 200–1500 keV. It was found that the mass attenuation coefficient of the composites increases with increasing the Li2O content. The relative percent deviation between the results of simulation using the MCNPX and XCOM database in most cases was less than 2%. Additionally, the Mean Free Path (MFP) and Half-Value Layer (HVL) parameters were evaluated, and the shielding efficiency of samples was compared with some conventional shielding... 

Strike of a lightning stroke to the high voltage terminal of a power transformer results in an impulse stress on its windings. The magnitude of the series capacitance of the windings has an important effect on the impulse voltage distribution and the stresses along the windings. Increasing the series capacitances of the windings, the impulse voltage distribution becomes more linear and the stress on the winding is reduced. So interleaved windings rather than disc windings are used in power transformer windings to increase the series capacitances. In this paper, the electrostatic shielding, used in disc windings to increase the windings series capacitance, and for linearization of its impulse... 

The extensive quantum-chemical calculations are assessed for prediction of the 19F nuclear magnetic shielding constants. The methods within domain of density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio, Hartree-Fock (HF), and second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) are employed for calculation of the 19F chemical shielding constants for a series of 30 small fluorine-containing molecules. The importance of inclusion of four factors, namely, electron correlation treatment, triple-ξ valence shell, diffuse function, and polarization function on calculating the fluorine NMR chemical shieldings for a variety of Pople's standard basis sets at gauge invariant atomic orbital (GIAO) and... 

The noise level of the magnetometer and gradiometer RF SQUIDs were investigated using different shielding methods. The used methods include different active and passive shielding, such as Helmholtz configurations, locally compensation coils, superconducting bulks and μ-metal shields. For the passive shielding approach, using FEM simulation we have investigated the shielding effectiveness of superconducting bulks versus the use of μ-metal shielding. The superconducting shield is a YBCO circular bulk, which was made using melt-texture method and located in a distance in front of the SQUID. In this work the results of these shielding methods are presented and compared, while their effectiveness... 

In order to achieve stable operation for a developed high-Tc SQUID-based magnetocardiography system, a two-stage active magnetic shielding technique is implemented. This technique is based on a combination of fluxgate and high-Tc SQUID magnetometers feedback loops. While two YBCO rf SQUIDs in a gradiometric configuration are used at liquid Nitrogen temperature as the main sensors for the heart signal detection and low-amplitude noise signals cancellation in one stage, a fluxgate is used to cancel large far-field environmental noise in the other stage feedback loop. The fluxgate sensors working in the fundamental mode under the optimized bias conditions have white noise levels less than 10... 

The wave functions for calculating gas-phase 13C nuclear magnetic shielding constants of 22 molecules have been optimally selected using factorial design as a multivariate technique. GIAO and CSGT methods were used for computation of shielding constants. Different wave functions for different types of carbons were recommended. A wave function as the best level of the theory is proposed for almost similar carbons. ONIOM approach for molecules with different types of carbons is applied. The results of GIAO method using the proposed wave function are in very good agreement with the experimental values. An additional series (21 carbons) were used as test sets and their results confirmed the... 

A High Tc RF-SQUID Based magnetocardiography system is developed for operating in a passively unshielded environment, in which active shielding is implemented to compensate field noises for the low to midrange frequency range. The main part of the implemented active shield configuration is a feedback control system designed for environmental noise cancelation in particular that of the power lines. This control system includes two layers of inner and outer compensation coils with respect to the liquid Nitrogen Dewar as parts of the designed active shield. The inner coils are surrounding the HTS SQUIDs which are placed in axial gradiometric configuration inside the dewar. The outer coils are... 

Monolayer band-reject frequency selective surfaces (FSS) based on curved coupled microstrip line (CCML) resonators are proposed. Each unit cell comprises a single- or multi-loop CCML resonator, featuring single-wideband or multi-band resonance, respectively. Design guidelines for achieving various responses are demonstrated and it is shown there is a great flexibility attaining desired frequency responses versus structural parameters. For instance, it is shown that the entire microwave X-band may be rejected, using a simple single-loop structure. The FSS is particularly useful for protecting buildings against parasitic microwave signals. A visual transparency factor for the FSS, when regular...