Sharif Digital Repository

Solvatochromic parameters (E T N , normalized polarity parameter; π, dipolarity/polarizability; β, hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity; α, hydrogen-bond donor acidity) have been determined for binary mixtures of propan-2-ol, propan-1-ol, ethanol, methanol and water with recently synthesized ionic liquid (IL; 2-hydroxyethylammonium formate) at 25 °C. In all solutions except aqueous solution, E T N values of the media increase abruptly with the ILs mole fraction and then increase gradually to the value of pure IL. A synergistic behavior is observed for the α parameter in all solutions. The behavior of π and β are nearly ideal for all solutions except for solutions of methanol with the IL. The... 

Synchronous heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of cyclohexene and acetone, catalyzed by Pt/Al2O3, was carried out in solutions of 2-hydroxy ethylammonium formate (a room temperature ionic liquid, RTIL) with ethanol and propan-1-ol at 25 °C. Rate constants and selectivity of the reaction (relative to cyclohexene hydrogenation) increase with mole fraction of the ionic liquid (IL). The reactants tendency to the catalyst surface increases by addition of the ionic liquid and thus the reaction rate increases, especially for cyclohexene hydrogenation. Consequently the selectivity to cyclohexene hydrogenation was increased. Single-parameter correlations of log kvs.π* (dipolarity/polarizibility)... 

Structural and molecular-microscopic properties of the solvatochromic probes 4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisole, and Reichardt’s dye were investigated in binary mixtures of ethylammonium propionate with methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol. Solvatochromic parameters (α, hydrogen-bond donor acidity; β, hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity; π*, dipolarity/polarizability; ENT , normalized polarity parameter) in different binary mixtures of ionic liquid with molecular solvents were determined with UV–Vis spectroscopy. The ENT parameters show nearly ideal trends in all solvent mixtures, but the other parameters show different behavior in the mixtures. The π* parameters show a negative deviation... 

Structural and molecular-microscopic properties of the solvatochromic probes 4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisole, and Reichardt's dye were investigated in binary mixtures of ethylammonium propionate with methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol. Solvatochromic parameters (α, hydrogen-bond donor acidity; β, hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity; π*, dipolarity/ polarizability; ET N, normalized polarity parameter) in different binary mixtures of ionic liquid with molecular solvents were determined with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The ET N parameters show nearly ideal trends in all solvent mixtures, but the other parameters show different behavior in the mixtures. The πparameters show a negative deviation... 

Heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of cyclohexene, catalyzed by Pt/Al2O3, was carried out in solutions of 2-hydroxyethylammonium formate (a room temperature ionic liquid, RTIL) mixed with methanol, ethanol and propan-2-ol at 25 °C. The rate constants of the reaction in ionic liquid alcohol mixtures were higher than alcohol alone. First-order rate constant of the reaction in the RTIL relative to propan-2-ol is approximately 28. Furthermore, the rate constant of the reaction increases with the mole fraction of the ionic liquid. Single-parameter correlations of log k vs. normalized polarity parameter (ETN), hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity (β) and hydrogen-bond donor acidity (α) do not give... 

The solvatochromic parameters (ETN, normalized polarity parameter; π*, dipolarity/polarizability; β, hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity; α, hydrogen-bond donor acidity) were determined for binary solvent mixtures of 1-(1-butyl)-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim]BF4) with water, methanol, and ethanol at 25°C over the whole range of mole fractions. In nonaqueous solutions, the ETN value of the mixture increases with mole the fraction of [bmim]BF4 and then decreases gradually to the value of pure [bmim]BF4. Positive deviation from ideal behavior was observed for the solvent parameters ETN, π*, and α, whereas the deviation of the β parameter is negative. The applicability of the combined... 

Solvatochromic UV-vis shifts of three probes 4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisol, and Reichardt's dye in binary mixtures of polyethylene glycol p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl ether (Triton X-100 or TX-100) with methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and water have been investigated at 298 K. Structural and intermolecular interactions of solvatochromic probes were determined in these systems. Solvatochromic parameters, including normalized polarity (ETN), dipolarity-polarizability (π∗), hydrogen-bond donor (α), and hydrogen-bond acceptor (β) abilities, were measured at a wide range of mole fraction (0 ≤ X ≤ 1) with 0.1 increment. Interestingly, a similar behavior of ETN and α is observed in... 

Synchronous heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of cyclohexene and acetone, catalyzed by Pt/Al2O3, was carried out in solutions of 2-hydroxy ethylammonium formate (a room temperature ionic liquid, RTIL) with ethanol and propan-1-ol at 25 °C. Rate constants and selectivity of the reaction (relative to cyclohexene hydrogenation) increase with mole fraction of the ionic liquid (IL). The reactants tendency to the catalyst surface increases by addition of the ionic liquid and thus the reaction rate increases, especially for cyclohexene hydrogenation. Consequently the selectivity to cyclohexene hydrogenation was increased. Single-parameter correlations of log k vs. π* (dipolarity/polarizibility)... 

Structural and intermolecular interactions of solvatochromic probes 4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisole, and Reichardt’s dye were investigated in the binary mixtures of 2-hydroxy ethylammonium formate as an ionic liquid with N,N-dimethyl formamide, dimethyl amine, and dimethyl sulfoxide. Solvatochromic parameters (ETN, normalized polarity parameter; π*, dipolarity/polarizability; β, hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity; α, hydrogen -bond donor acidity) were determined in ionic liquid mixtures at 25 °C using UV−vis spectroscopy. ETN parameters obtained from absorbance of Reichardt’s dye within various mixtures of ionic liquid were observed to be higher than predicted values from ideal additive... 

Structural and intermolecular interactions of solvatochromic probes 4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisole, and Reichardts dye were investigated in the binary mixtures of 2-hydroxy ethylammonium formate as an ionic liquid with N,N-dimethyl formamide, dimethyl amine, and dimethyl sulfoxide. Solvatochromic parameters (ETN, normalized polarity parameter; π, dipolarity/polarizability; β, hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity; α, hydrogen -bond donor acidity) were determined in ionic liquid mixtures at 25°C using UV-vis spectroscopy. ETN parameters obtained from absorbance of Reichardt dye within various mixtures of ionic liquid were observed to be higher than predicted values from ideal additive behavior.... 

The behaviour of solvatochromic absorbance probes (4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisole, and Reichardt's dye) within binary mixtures of polyethylene glycol p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl ether (Triton X-100 or TX-100)/organic solvents (2-propanol, hexanol, butyl acetate, THF, toluene, and p-xylene) was extensively explored by using solvatochromism and the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). To be more precise, the polarity parameters, ET N, and Kamlet-Taft parameters, such as the hydrogen bond donor ability (HBD) (α), hydrogen bond acceptor ability (HBA) (β), and dipolarity/polarizability (π∗), have been investigated in selected mixtures at 298 K. All binary mixtures exhibit complex...