Sharif Digital Repository

A homemade immersed solvent microextraction (SME) device was successfully developed for the trace enrichment of phenols from aqueous samples. A microdrop of butyl acetate was suspended from the tip of a microsyringe needle, immersed in an aqueous spiked solution for a preset time. The microdrop was then retracted into the microsyringe and injected directly into a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) injection port. Effects of different parameters such as the type of solvent, extraction time, stirring rate, and temperature were investigated and optimized. To reduce the polarity of phenols and prevent tailing effects, all the phenols were derivatized prior to extraction using acetic... 

An immersed solvent microextraction (SME) method was successfully developed for the trace enrichment of aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides from aquatic media. A microdrop of toluene was used as the extraction solvent. Some important extraction parameters such as type of solvent, solvent dropsize, stirring rate, ionic strength and extraction time were investigated and optimized. The microdrop volume of 1.5 μL, a sampling time of 25 min, and use of toluene were major parameters for achieving high enrichment factors. The linearity was studied by preconcentration of 4 mL of the water samples spiked with a standard solution of aryloxyphenoxypropionates at the concentration range of 0.15 to 30 ng... 

A modified solvent microextraction with back extraction method (SME/BE) combined with high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD) was developed for the determination of citalopram in human plasma. Extraction process was performed in a home-made total glass vial without using a teflon ring, usually employed in SME/BE. Citalopram was first extracted from 0.5 mL of plasma, modified with sodium hydroxide, into hexane. Back extraction step was then performed into 5.2 μL of 45 mM ammonium formate solution (pH 4) using a GC microsyringe. The extract was subsequently transferred into a liner-like vial and then injected into the HPLC system. An enrichment factor of 150... 

In this paper multivariate response surface methodology (RSM) has been used for the optimization of hydrodistillation-headspace solvent microextraction (HD-HSME) of thymol and carvacrol in Thymus transcaspicus. Quantitative determination of compounds of interest was performed simultaneously using gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were assessed and the optimized values were 5 min, 2 μL and 3 min for the extraction time, micro-drop volume and cooling time after extraction, respectively. The amounts of analyte extracted increased with plant weight. The calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 6.25-81.25 and... 

An immersed solvent microextraction (SME) method was successfully developed for the trace enrichment of s-triazine herbicides from aquatic media. A microdrop of butyl acetate was applied as the extraction solvent. After extraction, the microdrop was introduced directly into a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) injection port. Some important extraction parameters such as type of solvent, extraction time, stirring rate, and temperature were investigated and optimized. The highest possible microdrop volume of 3 μl, a sampling temperature of 60°C, and use of butyl acetate are major parameters to obtain high enrichment factors. The enrichment factor and linearity was studied by...