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Effect of Titanium on the Microstructure and Sour Environment Cracking Resistance of API 5L-X70 SAW Weld Metals
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Kokabi, Amir Hossein (Supervisor) ; Dolati, Abolghasem (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this research, the effect of addition of titanium to the weld metal of API 5L-X70 steel at two levels of manganese (1.4 and 2.0%) was studied; and the microstructure, mechanical properties, and hydrogen cracking resistance of the weld metals were investigated carefully. The submerged arc welding method was used for preparation of the welds and the metallographic test, hardness test, longitudinal tension test, Charpy V-notch impact test, HIC and SSC evaluation tests and thermal desorption spectroscopy test were done for each weld. The results showed that the addition of titanium to the weld metal increased formation of acicular ferrite; therefore, toughness of the welds was increased...
Modification of Repair Welding on Control Valves and Flanges of Sure Gas
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Kokabi, Amir Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this research, for optimization of repair welding of control valve and flange that use in East Oil& Gas Company, effect of chemical composition, microstructure, hardness and stress relive on sulfide stress cracking (SSC) investigated with select of four electrodes. All welds were prepared by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and investigated with optical microscope, hardness test, tensile test and SSC test. The results showed that increase of nickel content in the range of 0.032–1.58 wt. % in weld metals, decrease of acicular ferrite and increase of side plate ferrite, grain boundary ferrite and M/A micro constituent in microstructure. Ni3S2 decrease SSC resistance and (FeCu).S increase...
Creating a Protective Coating Against Corrosion and Erosion on the Surface of the Parts using in Sour Environments
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Kokabi, Amir Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
A concern in the production sour oil and gas is the corrosion caused by the acid gas H2S. Even though corrosion resistant alloys (CRA) have long been available as a material selection option that mitigates H2S corrosion, the carbon steel is in general more cost-effective for oil and gas facilities. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties of 410NiMo cladding on a low alloy steel substrate. In this investigation, two successive layers of ER410NiMo were clad on low alloy steel substrates. To reduce the likelihood of Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) and producing stable hydrogen traps, Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) was used. To characterize the mechanical properties of...
Study of Phase Behavior and Economical Investigation on Transportation Of LNG and LPG Mixture
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Badakhshan, Amir (Supervisor) ; Taghikhani, Vahid (Supervisor) ; Ghotbi, Siroos (Supervisor)
Abstract
Many technologies should be applied for transportation or consumption of natural gas. There are many different ways for transporting natural gas from origin of production to the location of consumption which the simplest way is transportation via pipelines but for transportation of natural gas for long distances, we can not use this method in this way we should apply other technologies such as converting the natural gas to the liquid state. For using this method, first we should liquefy the natural gas up to -162 degree of centigrade at the atmospheric pressure and then transport it with large cargo ships. By using this method, the transportation costs are decreased in compared with the...
Offering a Simple Method to Determine Safe Distance between Gas Pipelines and Vicinal Areas
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rashtchian, Davood (Supervisor)
Abstract
Sour Gas is more dangerous than sweet gas because of its hydrogen sulfide contents. So it requires more safety considerations. In this project, the effect of wall thickness and design factor of pipeline on the safe distance was examined by using risk assessment method. The safe distance tables for 4 pipelines with different wall thicknesses and design factors were prepared based on operating pressure, pipe diameter and hydrogen sulfide concentration in gas by using PHAST and PHAST RISK softwares. In this project, the depth of cover parameter was considered in safe distance determination. Also the leak of sour gas was simulated by using...
Evolving a robust modeling tool for prediction of natural gas hydrate formation conditions
, Article Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources ; Volume 12 , December , 2015 , Pages 45-55 ; 22133976 (ISSN) ; Mesbah, M ; Shokrollahi, A ; Rozyn, J ; Lee, M ; Kashiwao, T ; Bahadori, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
Natural gas is a very important energy source. The production, processing and transportation of natural gas can be affected significantly by gas hydrates. Pipeline blockages due to hydrate formation causes operational problems and a decrease in production performance. This paper presents an improved artificial neural network (ANN) method to predict the hydrate formation temperature (HFT) for a wide range of gas mixtures. A new approach was used to define the variables for formation of a hydrate structure according to each species presented in natural gas mixtures. This approach resulted in a strong network with a precise prediction, especially in the case of sour gases. This study also...
Prediction of water content of sour and acid gases
, Article Fluid Phase Equilibria ; Volume 299, Issue 2 , December , 2010 , Pages 171-179 ; 03783812 (ISSN) ; Azin, R ; Hassanzadeh, H ; Moshfeghian, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2010
Abstract
Estimating the feasibility of acid gas geological disposal requires the knowledge of the water content of the gas phase at moderate pressures and temperatures (typically below 50MPa, below 380K) and up to 6mol NaCl. In this paper, a non-iterative model is developed to predict the water content of sour and acid gases at equilibrium with pure water and brine. This model is based on equating the chemical potential of water and using the modified Redlich-Kwong equation of state to calculate the fugacity of the gas phase. The water content of pure CH4, CO2 and H2S are represented with average absolute deviations of less than 3.36, 7.04 and 8.4%, respectively. Experimental data of the water...
Experimental determination of hydrate phase equilibrium curve for an Iranian sour gas condensate sample
, Article Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering ; Volume 9 , November , 2012 , Pages 11-15 ; 18755100 (ISSN) ; Oyarhossein, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
Iran's proved natural gas reserves are the world's second largest. Mainly, because of climate changes and different reservoirs' characterizations, studying the behavior of production fluids and their transportation is essential. One of the main problems which occurs in the gas reservoirs is related to the hydrate formation while producing from a well, either in production strings or production lines (before and after choke). Effective parameters which influence the formation of hydrates are: high pressure, low temperature and water presence; and therefore, the high possibility of having this phenomenon in Iranian reservoirs is quite obvious especially in cold climates and for gas wells....